Second Lieutenant David Q. Rousseau—H Company, Fifth U.S. Infantry
Second Lieutenant William H. S. Bowen—Fifth U.S. Infantry
Second Lieutenant James H. Whitten—Fifth U.S. Infantry
Second Lieutenant Joseph H. Dorst—Fourth U.S. Cavalry, Regimental Adjutant
Second Lieutenant J. W. Martin—B Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
Second Lieutenant J. Wesley Rosenquest—M Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
Second Lieutenant Harrison G. Otis—M Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
Second Lieutenant Homer W. Wheeler—G Troop, Fifth U.S. Cavalry
Second Lieutenant Hayden Delaney—Ninth U.S. Infantry
Lieutenant Henry Allison—Second U.S. Cavalry
Lieutenant O. L. Wieting—Twenty-third Infantry
First Sergeant Thomas H. Forsyth—M Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
First Sergeant James Turpin—L Troop, Fifth U.S. Cavalry
First Sergeant James S. McClellan—H Troop, Third U.S. Cavalry
Sergeant Patrick Kelly—F Company, Twenty-second U.S. Infantry
Sergeant William Hathaway—H Company, Twenty-second U.S. Infantry
Sergeant Frank Murray—M Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
Sergeant Joseph Sudsberger—M Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
†Sergeant Robert W. McPhelan—E Company, Fifth U.S. Infantry
Corporal William J. Linn—M Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
†Private John Geyer—I Company, Fifth U.S. Infantry
Private William Earl Smith—Fourth U.S. Cavalry, expedition orderly to Colonel Ranald S. Mackenzie
Private Edward Wilson—F Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
Private Thomas Ryan—M Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
Private Jonathan Kline—G Troop, Fifth U.S. Cavalry
Trumpeter Richard Hicks—K Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
Charles T. Gibson—Acting Assistant Surgeon, Glendive Cantonment
Joseph R. Gibson—chief medical officer, Powder River Expedition
L.A. LaGarde—army surgeon, Powder River Expedition
Marshall W. Wood—assistant army surgeon, Powder River Expedition
Civilian
Elizabeth Burt
Martha Luhn
Nettie Capron
Maynard Collins—trader at Fort Laramie
Johnny Bruguier (“Big Leggings”)
John B. Sharpe—wagon-master, Powder River Expedition
Tom Moore—pack-master of the Powder River Expedition mule train
Jerry Roche—reporter, New York Herald
Army Scouts
Frank Grouard (“The Grabber”)
Billy Hunter—half-breed guide with the Pawnee Battalion
Billy Garnett—interpreter with the Powder River Expedition
Robert Jackson—Glendive Cantonment
William Jackson—Tongue River Cantonment
Luther Sage “Yellowstone” Kelly—Tongue River Cantonment
Victor Smith—Glendive Cantonment
Billy Cross—Tongue River Cantonment
Joe Culbertson—interpreter, scout with Miles
Todd Randall—squawman with Sioux wife among Red Cloud’s people
George Boyd—Tongue River Cantonment
John “Liver-Eating” Johnston—Tongue River Cantonment
Tom LeForge—Tongue River Cantonment
Major Frank North—commanding, Pawnee Battlion
Captain Luther North—second in command, Pawnee Battlion
Lieutenant S. E. Cushing—Pawnee Battalion
Tom Cosgrove—commanding Shoshone battalion
Yancy Eckles—second in command, Shoshone battalion
Baptiste Pourier (“Big Bat”)
Bill Rowland (“Long Knife”)—Cheyenne squawman, interpreter for Powder River Expedition
“Old” Bill Hamilton—scout on Powder River Expedition
Lakota White Bull Sitting Bull One Horn Gall Long Feather Bear’s Face No Neck Red Skirt High Bear Jumping Bull Fire-What-Man Bull Eagle Black Eagle Rising Sun Small Bear Standing Bear Spotted Elk Red Cloud Pretty Bear Yellow Eagle John Sans Arc Red Shirt Jackass Three Bears Feathers on the Head Spotted Tail
Arikara/Ree Bear Plume White Antelope
Cheyenne
“Tse-tsehese-staeste”
“Those Who Are Hearted Alike” Crow Split Nose Last Bull Sits in the Night Morning Star Little Wolf Old Bear Young Two Moon Beaver Claws Wolf Tooth Brave Bear Wooden Leg Left Handed Wolf Beaver Dam Gypsum Hail Crow Necklace High Wolf Brave Wolf Black White Man Working Man Buffalo Calf Woman Braided Locks Black Hairy Dog Coal Bear Box Elder Medicine Top Spotted Blackbird Wrapped Hair Yellow Eagle Turtle Road Medicine Bear Long Jaw at ambush ravine: Curly Little Hawk Strange Owl Bull Hump Bobtail Horse Little Shield Two Bull High Bull Burns Red in the Sun Walking Calf Hawk’s Visit Four Sacred Spirits Old Bull Antelope Buffalo Chief Two Bulls Wooden Nose Charging Bear Tall Sioux Dog White Frog with Little Wolf at mouth of the ravine: White Frog Two Bulls Bald-Faced Bull Walking Whirlwind Comes Together Yellow Nose White Horse Big Horse Little Horse Beaver Heart Big Head Walks Last White Buffalo Young Turkey Leg Sitting Bear Fox Stops in a Hurry Cheyenne scouts and in-laws with Bill Rowland: Colonel Hard Robe Roan Bear Little Fish Old Crow Cut Nose Satchel/Wolf Satchel Hard Robe Bird Blown Away
Pawnee Ralph Weeks Frank White Peter Headman (“Boy Chief” / Pe-isk-le-shar) Rus Roberts
Shoshone Dick Washakie Anzi
Arapaho Sharp Nose Old Eagle Six Feathers Little Fork White Horse William Friday—interpreter
Casualties
Spring Creek Encounter:
Private John Donahoe—G Company, Twenty-second U.S. Infantry (wounded)
Sergeant Robert Anderson—G Company, Twenty-second U.S. Infantry (wounded)
Private Francis Marriaggi—G Company, Seventeenth U.S. Infantry (wounded)
Cedar Creek Encounter:
Private John Geyer—I Company, Fifth U.S. Infantry (wounded)
Sergeant Robert W. Phelan—E Company, Fifth U.S. Infantry
Dull Knife Battle:
*First Lieutenant John A. McKinney—M Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
*Corporal Patrick F. Ryan—D Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
*Private John Sullivan—B Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry (only soldier scalped in the battle)
*Private James Baird—D Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry (only soldier buried on battlefield)
*Private Alexander Keller—E Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
*Private John Menges—H Troop, Fifth U.S. Cavalry
*Private Alexander McFarland—L Troop, Fifth U.S. Cavalry (died on November 28 of his wounds)
†First Sergeant Thomas H. Forsyth—M Troop, Fourth U.S. Cavalry
†Sergeant James Cunningham—H Troop, Third U.S. Cavalry
†Private Philip Holden—H Troop, Third U.S. Cavalry
†Private George Talmadge—H Troop, Third U.S. Cavalry
* dead
† wounded
The fact of the case is the operations of Generals Terry and Crook will not bear criticism, and my only thought has been to let them sleep. I approved what was done, for the sake of the troops, but in doing so, I was not approving much, as you know.
—Lieutenant General Philip H. Sheridan
(to General Wm. T. Sherman)
The [Battle of Cedar Creek] was no more bloody or decisive than the fight with Otis a week earlier, but it afforded Miles the chance to maneuver an entire regiment and laid the groundwork for much self-congratulation.
—Robert M. Utley
The Lance and the Shield
The encounter [at Cedar Creek] between the colonel [Miles] and chief [Sitting Bull] is one of the most striking episodes in the Indian Wars. It is as replete with imperious demands and arrogant challenges to combat as any knightly tale …