254-255f 256-257 Treaty of Tordesillas, 12-13 Spanish-American war, 252f, 251-252,
254-255f, 256-257 Speakeasies, 284-286 Spectral evidence, 85 The Spirit of ’76, United States vs., 279 The Spirit of St. Louis, 283
Sputnik, 340
Squanto (Tisquantum), 52 Stalin, Joseph, 328-329, 336 Stamp Act Congress of 1765, 100-101 Stamp Act of 1765, 100, 101 Standard Oil Company/Trust, 234 Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 268 Starr, Ellen Gates, 262 State vs. federal rights Chicago platform, 245 debate over, 152, 153-154, 172-173 sovereignty interpretations, 216 United States vs. Cruikshank, 216 Statue of Liberty, 222 Steamboats, 185 Steffens, Lincoln, 227-228, 263 Stephens, Alexander, 172, 173-174 Stephenson, David C., 288-290 Stockbridge-Munsee Nation, 195-196 Stoddard, Solomon, 89-90 Stokes vs. State, 294 Stone, William, 48 Stono Rebelliion, 113 Story, Joseph, 132-133 Strenuous life doctrine, 257-258 Strong, George Templeton, 180-182 Strong, Josiah, 225-227, 237, 250, 258 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 347, 348 Students for a Democratic Society (SDS),
359-360 Suez Crisis, 339 Suffrage. See also Voting rights citizenship argument, 269 Civil Rights movement relationship to, 268-269 Declaration of Sentiments, 268 Nineteenth Amendment, 272 overview, 267
Seneca Falls Convention, 267-268 Sugar Act of 1764, 100 Sugar Trust Case, 233-234, 235 A Summary View of the Rights of British America (Jefferson), 107-108 Summer of Love, Summer of Discontent, 360, 3 6if Swing, Raymond Gram, 306-307 Sybil, or the Two Nations (Disraeli), 280
Taliban, 377
Taney, Roger B., 168, 240f
Taxation No Tyranny: An Answer to the Resolutions and Address of the American Congress (Johnson), 109 Tea Act of 1773, 100, 101-103 Telegraph, 176-177, 187 Television, 342 Tennessee
Butler Act challenge, 294-295 legalization of slavery in, 144-146 succession of, 174-176 Tennessee, USS, 3iif Terrell, Mary Church, 268-269 Terrorism, 376-378 Tet Offensive, 362 Texas
admission to Union, 144 lynchings in, 217 succession of, 174-176 “The Conquered Banner,” 200-20if Thirteenth Amendment, 192-194 This Side of Paradise (Fitzgerald), 287 Thomas, Gabriel, 89, 96 Thompson, Hugh, 365-366 Three Soldiers (Dos Passos), 287 Till, Emmett, 337-338 Tillman, Ben, 246f Tobacco
cultivation effects, 43-44f cultivation Virginia in generally, 38, 42 in development of slavery, 68f, 67-68, 69f, 70 England, revenues in, 44 as monopoly, 44 Tocqueville, Alexis de, 146, 152, 160, 414 Toleration Act (Act Concerning Religion) of 1649,48-49 Tombstone, AZ, 220-22if Toussaint L’Ouverture, Francois Dominique, 154 Townshend Duties of 1767, 100, 101 Transcontinental Railroad, 189 Treaty of Paris, 83 Treaty of Tordesillas, 12-13 Treaty of Versailles, 274-275 “True Americanism” concept, 260-261 A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson (Rowlandson), 62 Truman, Harry, 328-329, 332, 336 Truman Doctrine, 329 Tupinamba, 16
Turner, Nat, 162
Twain, Mark (Samuel Clemmons),
198-199
Tweed, William M., 211-212, 2i3f
Tweed Ring, 211-212, 2i3f
Twenty-first Amendment, 285f
Two nations concept, 280-281
Two Penny Act, 98
U-boat campaign, 269-271
Uncle Tom's Cabin (Beecher Stowe), 169,
4i2-4i4
United Mine Workers strike of i943,
324-325
United States. See also American colonies African Americans in generally, 5. (See also African-Americans) antebellum period generally, 160-161, 164,i66-168 anti-Catholic sentiment in, 197-198 attempts at preservation of, 153-160 census 1790 population statistics, 143,
^, I45f challenges to federal authority in,
I59-I60
as civic nation, 3 colonial competitiveness in, 152 development of education in, 148-149 disintegration of, i860, 152 ethnic designations in, 4-5 exploitation, conversion of indigenous peoples in (See Exploitation, conversion of indigenous peoples) exploitation of, 3-4 Great Seal of, 132, 133 f growth, post-1790 census, 143-144 Hamilton’s economic policies, 149-151 identity in (See Identity (American) formation) lack of unity in, 137, 146, 151 Missouri Compromise, 157-158 newspaper dissemination in, 132-134 Northwest Ordinance (1787), 144-146 Nullification Crisis, 159-160 overview, 3
as personification of democracy, 309 political gaming in, 153-154, 166-168 post office expansion in, 132-134 principle of association, i47f, 146-147, 148, 149 scholarly perceptions of, 2, 276
United States (cont.)
Second Party System, i6i, 164 Shay’s Rebellion, 131-132 slavery issue in (See Slavery)
Southwest Ordinance of 1790, 144-146
statehood grants in, 131
state vs. federal power in (See State vs.
federal rights) symbolism in formation of, 132, i33f tariff issue in, 159-160 upper class attitude towards citizens in,
i53
urbanization, post-1790 census, 144 Washington on unity of government in, I5I-I52
United States, Schenck vs., 279, 422 United States Steel, 234-235 United States vs. Cruikshank, 216 United States vs. E.C. Knight Co., 233-234
United States vs. The Spirit of ’76, 279 Unknown Soldier, 276-277, 277f, 287 Utopia (More), 32 Utopian ideal, 32
Valley Forge, PA, i24f, 123-124 Vanderbilt, Cornelius, 233-234 Vanzetti, Bartolomeo, 279-280 Venezuela, 248 Vespucci, Amerigo, 12-13 Veterans, 6. See also specific wars Vietnam syndrome, 353 Vietnam War
Cambodia invasion, 365 fall of Saigon, 367-368 Gulf of Tonkin resolution, 356-357 My Lai massacre, 365-366 overview, 3 56f, 355-356, 357 protests, 363f, 362-363, 365 public perceptions of generally, 358 statistics on, 360, 363 support for, 360, 363 Tet Offensive, 362 Vietnamization program, 365 Virginia
freedom as inducement for slaves in,
ii6
number of Presidents from, 153 overview, 74t
plantation lifestyle in, 112-113 slavery in generally, 112-113, ii5f
succession of, 174-176 Two Penny Act, 98
white American identity emergence in,
65
Virginia (Jamestown)
Bacon’s Rebellion, 6i, 63, 64-65 enslavement of indigenous peoples, 65 establishment of, 29-32 exploitation, conversion of indigenous peoples, 37, 44, 60, 63-65 feminization of, 33 financing, 27-29
“headright” system, 35-36, 63-64 land expansion in, 35-36, 64-65 massacre March 1622, 44 motivations for colonization of, 24-27,
29
penalty for going native in, 60 presentation of to prospective settlers,
33-35, 39-4o rationalizations, 32-33 reality of life in, 4if, 40-41, 42, 47,
48
Second Charter of Virginia, 45 slavery in generally, 38, 39, 66-67. (See also Slavery) subjugation of indigenous peoples,
37-38, 45-46 tobacco (See Tobacco) women, commoditization of, 42-43, 43f,
66
Virginia Company bankruptcy of, 44 financing of colonization by, 27-29 indoctrination of natives policy, 45-46 presentation of Jamestown life by,
39-4o
on price of women, 42-43 reality of life in Jamestown, 40-42 Vitascope Company, 248 Volstead Act (National Prohibition Act), 284-286
Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA),
358-359 Voting rights
African-Americans during
Reconstruction, 209f, 213-214, 216, 2i9f
civil rights movement, 347, 351-352 for Native Americans, 293 women (See Suffrage)
Wade, Roe vs., 372f, 371-372, 373 Wainwright, Gideon vs., 352-353 Walker, David, 162 Wallace, George, 349 Wallace, Henry A., 327 Wanchese, 24 Ward, Samuel, 119-120 War Industries Board, 304 War Manpower Commission, 324 Warner, Charles Dudley, 198-199 War of 1812,160-161 War of the Austrian Succession (King George’s War), 83 War of the League of Augsburg (King William’s War), 83 War of the Spanish Succession (Queen Anne’s War), 83, 89 War on poverty, 358-359, 371 War Production Board, 324 War Relocation Authority (WRA), 305f Warren, Earl, 336-337 Washington, George