NOTES
1. SIZE, LUXURY, AND SPEED
1. “Technological Revolutionist,” Time, September 28, 1942, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,773637,00.html, accessed November 17, 2008.
2. Gail E. Farr and Brett F. Bostwick with the assistance of Merville Wess, Shipbuilding at Cramp and Sons: A History and Guide to the Collections of the William Cramp and Sons Ship and Engine Building Company (1830–1927) and the Cramp Shipbuilding Company (1941–1946) (Philadelphia: Philadelphia Maritime Museum, 1991), p. 7.
3. “Launch of the St. Louis: Mrs. Cleveland Christens the New Liner,” New York Times, November 13, 1894.
4. Ibid.
5. William Francis Gibbs, “S.S. United States,” Journal of the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, December 1953, p. 547.
6. New York Times, August 12, 1883, as quoted by Stephen Fox, Transatlantic: Samuel Cunard, Isambard Brunel, and the Great Atlantic Steamships (New York: HarperCollins, 2003), pp. 124–28.
7. Charles MacIver, as quoted in Howard Johnson, The Cunard Story (London: Whittet Books, 1987), p. 55.
8. Johnson, The Cunard Story, p. 21.
9. Ibid.
10. Fox, Transatlantic, pp. 124–28.
11. Henry Adams, The Education of Henry Adams, as quoted in Fox, Transatlantic, p. 338.
12. Lamar Cecil, Albert Ballin: Business and Politics in Imperial Germany 1888–1918 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1967), pp. 24–25, 28.
13. Mark D. Warren, ed., The Cunard Turbine-Driven Quadruple-Screw Atlantic Liner “Mauretania” (Wellingborough, UK: Patrick Stephens, 1987), p. C.
14. Fox, Transatlantic, p. 267.
15. “American Line Ends Long Mail Subsidy,” New York Times, October 26, 1920.
16. “The Blue Riband of the Atlantic, Westbound,” http://www.greatships.net/riband.html, accessed November 21, 2008.
2. ESCAPING THE RICH BOYS
1. Alva Johnson, “The Mysterious Mr. Gibbs—II,” Saturday Evening Post, January 27, 1945, p. 20. Reprinted from The Saturday Evening Post magazine, © 1945 Saturday Evening Post Society. Reprinted with permission.
2. Ibid.
3. Winthrop Sergeant, “Profiles: The Best I Know How,” New Yorker, June 6, 1964, p. 73.
4. E. Digby Balzell, Philadelphia Gentlemen: The Making of a National Upper Class (Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1958), p. 125.
5. “The Man in the Street,” New York Times, September 21, 1902.
6. “Cellulose in the Navy: Objections to Its Use to Keep Water Out of Ships,” New York Times, January 23, 1893.
7. “Some Happenings in Good Society,” New York Times, January 7, 1900.
8. “Spring Lake,” New York Times, September 10, 1899.
9. “Elegant Wedding at St. James: Miss Augusta M. Gibbs Becomes the Wife of Mr. W.H.T. Huhn,” Philadelphia Inquirer, April 9, 1899.
10. John J. McCloy, interview by Kai Bird, June 23, 1983, from Kai Bird, The Chairman: John J. McCloy and the Making of the American Establishment (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991), p. 57.
11. Stuart Wells, “The Residence at 1733 Walnut Street,” HSTVP 600 Documentation and Archival Research, Dr. Roger Moss, December 12, 1986, Philadelphia Athenaeum, HR 86.4., p. 8.
12. Sergeant, “Profiles: The Best I Know How,” p. 73.
13. Ibid., p. 74.
14. Frank Braynard and Robert Hudson Westover, S.S. United States: Fastest Ship in the World (Paducah, KY: Turner, 2002), p. 13.
15. De Lancey School, The Blight School Merged, Philadelphia 1914, collection of the Episcopal Academy, Merion, PA, p. 16.
16. Ibid., p. 53.
17. Application of William Francis Gibbs, Harvard University Archives, UAIII 15.75.12.
18. As quoted in Ronald Steel, Walter Lippmann and the American Century (New York: Vintage Books, 1980), p. 13.
19. Johnson, “The Mysterious Mr. Gibbs—II,” p. 96.
20. Ibid.
21. Frank O. Braynard, By Their Works Ye Shall Know Them: The Life and Ships of William Francis Gibbs 1886–1967 (New York: Gibbs & Cox, 1968), pp. 10–11.
22. Four photographs, William Francis Gibbs Collection, MS 179, Mariners’ Museum, Newport News, VA.
23. John Reed, “Almost Thirty,” N/R 4/29/36, cited in Samuel Eliot Morison, Three Centuries of Harvard (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1936), pp. 434–35, as quoted in Steel, Walter Lippmann and the American Century, p. 13.
24. Morison, Three Centuries of Harvard, p. 442.
25. Johnston, “The Mysterious Mr. Gibbs—II,” p. 96.
26. “Football Ushers Appointed for Year,” Harvard Crimson, October 9, 1909.
27. Transcript of William Francis Gibbs, Harvard University Archives, UAIII 15.75.12.
28. Alva Johnson, “The Mysterious Mr. Gibbs—III,” Saturday Evening Post, February 3, 1945, p. 32. Reprinted from The Saturday Evening Post magazine, © 1945 Saturday Evening Post Society. Reprinted with permission.
29. William Francis Gibbs, as quoted by Winthrop Sergeant, “Profiles: The Best I Know How,” New Yorker, June 6, 1964, p. 73.
30. George W. Cram to W. W. Gibbs, July 30, 1907, Harvard University Archives, UAIII 15.75.12.
31. Mitchell Charles Harrison, Prominent and Progressive Americans (New York: New York Tribune, 1901), p. 130.
32. “Skylarking Over; Now for Business,” Philadelphia Inquirer, December 9, 1901.
33. “Suit Against W. W. Gibbs,” New York Times, April 20, 1902.
34. “Seek Dissolution of American Alkali Co, Four Stockholders of the Corporation Charge Fraud,” New York Times, March 12, 1902.
35. “Receivers Named for American Alkali,” Philadelphia Inquirer, September 12, 1902.
36. “A Buoyant Market at the Close,” Philadelphia Inquirer, April 13, 1905.
37. “Gibbs Mansion May Go Under the Hammer,” February 19, 1911, publication unknown, Perkins Collection, Walnut Street, Walnut Street Volume III, from West of Broad, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
38. “The Merger of the Steamship Lines: Clement A. Griscom Gives a Description of the Combination,” New York Times, April 21, 1902.