Estonia, 23, 28, 32, 63, 170, 198, 230, 245–46, 255
compatriot policies, 85, 154–56
ethnic nationality, 74
history of, 66, 136–40
humanitarian policies, 151–54
information warfare, 48, 164–66
passportization, 40–41, 43, 60, 71–72, 156–58
provocation, 167–69
and Russian interests, 145–48
Russian speakers, 142–44
soft power, 148–51
Eurasian Customs Union, 18–19, 111
Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), 18–19, 104, 184, 187
and Armenia, 234–36, 228, 239, 249
and Belarus, 108, 223, 236–37
and Georgia, 114, 134
and Kazakhstan, 108, 186, 192, 200, 202
and Kyrgyzstan, 186, 201–2
and Moldova, 118, 124, 131
and Ukraine, 108, 111
Eurasian Youth Union, 207
European Commission, 20
European Union (EU), 6, 50, 106, 111, 157, 255
and Armenia, 222, 228–29, 234–35, 240, 248–49
and Baltic States, 23, 56, 136, 138, 145, 147–48, 151–53, 224, 242, 246
and Belarus, 238
Eastern Partnership, 95
and Georgia, 244
and Lithuania, 147, 149
and Moldova, 94, 244, 106, 131
and Russia, 7–8, 15, 18–20, 36, 56, 244, 251, 254
Third Energy Package, 20
and Ukraine, 109, 133, 166, 235
fascism, 35, 50–51, 103, 122, 163, 219
Federal Agency for the Commonwealth of Independent States, Compatriots Living abroad and International Humanitarian Cooperation, 38, 88
Federal Migration Service, 43, 197
Foundation for Supporting and Protecting the Rights of Compatriots Living Abroad, 39, 90–91
frozen conflict zones, 11, 24, 55–56, 135, 242, 244, 247, 253, 255–56
in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, 55, 95, 102, 107, 134, 242, 252
in Luhansk and Donetsk, 135, 242, 244, 253
in Nagorno-Karabakh, 218, 248
in Transnistria, 55, 95, 102, 242, 252
Fukuyama, Francis, 6
Gagauzia, 3, 23, 100, 104, 118, 131
Galtung, Johan, 8
Gazprom, 20, 109, 113, 151, 222–23, 228
Georgia, 8, 10, 20, 33, 88, 94–98, 134, 175, 239, 244, 251, 253, 255
annexation threat, 133–34
compatriot policies, 116–17
history of, 98–99
humanitarian policies, 115–16
information warfare, 48, 124–26
passportization, 42–43, 83, 119–20
protection, 129–31
and Russian interests, 15, 17, 107–8
Russian speakers, 105–6
soft power, 113–15
Gerasimov, Valery, 54–55, 115
Glazyev, Sergey, 228
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 31, 73, 133, 167
Grand Duchy of Moscow (Muscovy), 5, 100
Gromov, Boris, 205
Grybauskaitė, Dalia, 166
Gryzlov, Boris, 220
Gulag, 62, 85
Gunkin, Nikolai, 202
Gyumri, 3, 216, 221, 232, 239
murder at, 240, 249
hackers, 47–48, 123–26
Harmony Centre party, 158
Hilferding, Rudolf, 13
historical revisionism, 49–50, 241
Hobson, John A., 13
House of Moscow, 150
humanitarian aid, 115, 192, 198, 255
humanitarian intervention, 193
humanitarian policy, 9–10, 26, 33–36, 51, 114, 254
in Belarus, 229
in Estonia, 151–54
in Georgia, 115–16
in Kazakhstan, 192
in Kyrgyzstan, 192–93
in Latvia, 151–54
in Lithuania, 151–54
in Moldova, 115–16
in Tajikistan, 192–93
in Ukraine, 115–16
in Uzbekistan, 192
humanitarian trend in Russian foreign policy, 33, 80, 87
human rights, 33–38, 42, 50–51, 87, 153
violations of, 53, 116, 153
Hungary, 59, 109, 136
identity cards in, 59
hybrid warfare, 10, 51, 56, 256
definition of, 54–55
in Ukraine, 124, 127, 129, 166
information warfare, 26–28, 38, 44–51, 85, 245, 250, 255
in Armenia, 234–36, 248, 250
in Belarus, 233–34
in Estonia, 164–66
in Georgia, 124–26
in Kazakhstan, 201–3
in Kyrgyzstan, 200–210, 203–4
in Latvia, 162–66
in Lithuania, 162–66
in Moldova, 124
in Tajikistan, 202
in Turkmenistan, 200–202
in Ukraine, 122–24
in Uzbekistan, 200, 202
Institute for Democracy and Cooperation, 35–36
International Humanitarian Cooperation, 38, 84, 227, 229, 231
Iran, 185, 188–87, 192, 221, 247
Israel, 59
Ivanov, Sergei, 150, 211, 229
Ivan the Terrible, 12, 100
Kaliningrad, 71, 133, 146–47, 161, 167, 169, 220
Kant air base, 186
Karachaganak Oil and Gas Field, 191
Petroleum Operating Company, 191
Karaganov, Sergey, 70, 76
Karimov, Islam, 174–75, 186, 202, 209
Karshi-Khanabad (K2) air base, 186
Kazakhstan, 10, 18, 20, 23, 58, 70, 73, 172–73, 221, 223, 242, 247–48
compatriot policies, 193–95, 197–98
history of, 173–74
humanitarian policies, 192
information warfare, 201–3
passportization, 198–200
protection, 204–5
and Russian interests, 185–86, 188
Russian speakers, 179–80
separatism, 206–10
soft power, 189, 191–92
Kazatomprom, 185
Kazimirchuk, Viktor, 206
Kennan, George F., 8
Khrushchev, Nikita, 15
Kievan Rus’, 100, 108, 112
Klaipėda, 151, 161, 167
Kocharian, Shavarsh, 232
Korchmar, Vasily, 232
Korpezhe-Kurt Kuri pipeline, 187
Kosachyov, Konstantin, 88
Kovalenko, Vyacheslav, 211, 228, 235
Kozyrev, Andrey, 25, 72, 163, 205
Kyrgyzstan, 18–19, 45, 70, 172, 208, 210, 221, 247, 250
compatriot policies, 195–96, 198
history of, 175
humanitarian policies, 192–93
information warfare, 200–210, 203–4
passportization, 41, 198
protection, 206
and Russian interests, 184–86, 188
Russian speakers, 181–82
soft power, 189–91
Lad political party, 194, 203,
Latgale, 3, 158–59, 161, 167, 170
Latvia, 23, 50, 58, 63, 170, 245, 255
annexation threat, 166
compatriot policies, 158–60
history of, 66, 136–40
humanitarian policies, 151–54
information warfare, 162–66
passportization, 40–41, 43, 60, 71–72, 159
provocations, 169
and Russian interests, 145–48
Russian speakers, 140–42
soft power, 148–51
Lavrov, Sergey, 54, 91, 123, 130
Lenin, Vladimir I., 13, 59, 62, 203
Limonov, Eduard, 207
liquefied natural gas (LNG), 20
terminal, 151, 161
Lithuania, 23, 63, 170, 245–46, 255–56
annexation threat, 167
compatriot policies, 160–62
history of, 66, 136–40
humanitarian policies, 151–54
information warfare, 162–66
provocations, 168–69
and Russian interests, 145–48
Russian speakers, 143–44
soft power, 148–51
Lucas, Edward, 8
Luhansk, 55, 101, 110, 123, 128–29, 131–33, 242, 244
People’s Republic, 40, 95, 128, 253
Lukarco, 191
Lukashenko, Alexander, 211, 213, 224–26, 229, 233–34, 236–38, 249
Luzhkov, Yuri, 38
Manas air base, 176, 203
Medvedev, Dmitry, 21, 39, 41, 52–53, 80, 87–88, 90, 148, 193
Menendez, Robert, 8
MH17, 22, 128