65 Ibid.
66 Barry Yeoman, “How South African Hit Men, Serbian Paramilitaries, and Other Human Rights Violators Became Guns for Hire for Military Contractors in Iraq,” Mother Jones, November/December 2004 issue.
67 Michael Duffy, “When Private Armies Take to the Front Lines,” Time, April 12, 2004.
68 CBS News, “Abuse of Iraqi POWs by GIs Probed,” 60 Minutes II, April 28, 2004.
69 Deborah Hastings, “Military Reports Match Some Lawsuit Details,” Associated Press, October 24, 2004.
70 Tim Shorrock, “CACI and Its Friends,” The Nation, June 21, 2004.
71 Press Release, “Lawsuit Charges Two U.S. Corporations Conspired with U.S. Officials to Torture and Abuse Detainees in Iraq,” The Center for Constitutional Rights, June 9, 2004.
72 Michael Duffy, “When Private Armies Take to the Front Lines,” Time, April 12, 2004.
73 David Barstow, James Glanz, Richard A. Oppel Jr., and Kate Zernike, “Security Companies: Shadow Soldiers in Iraq,” New York Times, April 19, 2004.
74 Paul Tharp, “Security Firms Get Boost From Rambo Work in Iraq,” New York Post, April 8, 2004.
75 Seth Borenstein and Scott Dodd, “Private Security Companies in Iraq See Big Paychecks, Big Risks,” Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News, April 2, 2004.
76 Jay Price, “Armed Security Business Booms,” News & Observer (Raleigh, North Carolina), April 2, 2004.
77 Jonathan Franklin, “US Contractor Recruits Guards for Iraq in Chile,” The Guardian, March 5, 2004.
78 Dana Priest and Mary Pat Flaherty, “Under Fire, Security Firms Form an Alliance,” Washington Post, April 8, 2004.
79 Robert Fisk, “Saddam in the Dock: So This Is What They Call the New, Free Iraq,” The Independent on Sunday (London), July 4, 2004.
80 Mary Pat Flaherty, “Iraq Work Awarded to Veteran of Civil Wars; Briton Who Provided Units in Asia and Africa Will Oversee Security,” Washington Post, June 16, 2004.
81 For Spicer’s own account of these events, see: Lt. Col. Tim Spicer OBE, An Unorthodox Soldier: Peace and War and the Sandline Affair, Mainstream Publishing Company, Edinburgh, Great Britain, 1999.
82 Stephen Armstrong, “The Enforcer: Colonel Tim Spicer Is Effectively in Charge of the Second Largest Military Force in Iraq—Some 20,000 Private Soldiers. Just Don’t Call Him a Mercenary,” The Guardian (London), May 20, 2006.
83 P. W. Singer, “Nation Builders and Low Bidders in Iraq,” New York Times, June 15, 2004.
84 Jonathan Guthrie, “Tim Spicer Finds Security in the World’s War Zones,” Financial Times (London), April 7, 2006.
85 Mary Pat Flaherty, “Iraq Work Awarded to Veteran of Civil Wars; Briton Who Provided Units in Asia and Africa Will Oversee Security,” Washington Post, June 16, 2004.
86 Jonathan Guthrie, “Tim Spicer Finds Security in the World’s War Zones,” Financial Times (London), April 7, 2006.
87 Mary Fitzgerald, “U.S. Contract to British Firm Sparks Irish American Protest; Anger Over Iraq Deal Stems From 1992 Murder in Belfast,” Washington Post, August 9, 2004.
88 P. W. Singer, “Nation Builders and Low Bidders in Iraq,” New York Times, June 15, 2004.
89 Mary Fitzgerald, “U.S. Contract to British Firm Sparks Irish American Protest; Anger Over Iraq Deal Stems From 1992 Murder in Belfast,” Washington Post, August 9, 2004.
90 Senators Hillary Rodham Clinton, Edward M. Kennedy, Christopher J. Dodd, Charles E. Schumer, John F. Kerry, Letter to Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld, August 25, 2004.
91 Charles M. Sennott, “Security Firm’s $293m Deal Under Scrutiny,” Boston Globe, June 22, 2004.
92 James Boxell and Jimmy Burns, “Aegis Iraqi Contract Renewed,” Financial Times (London), April 19, 2006.
93 P. W. Singer, “Nation Builders and Low Bidders in Iraq,” New York Times, June 15, 2004.
94 Ibid.
95 Jonathan Finer, “Contractors Cleared in Videotaped Attacks; Army Fails to Find ‘Probable Cause’ in Machine-Gunning of Cars in Iraq,” Washington Post, June 11, 2006.
96 Ibid.
97 Ibid.
98 James Boxell, “Iraq Investigation Clears Aegis Defence,” Financial Times (London), June 15, 2006.
99 T. Christian Miller, “Federal Audit Criticizes Iraq Contract Oversight; Inspector General Finds That a Controversial Security Firm Failed to Meet its Obligations,” Los Angeles Times, April 23, 2005.
100 Matthew Lynn, “Men With Guns Are the New Dotcoms,” The Spectator (London), November 4, 2006.
101 Kim Sengupta, “Blair Accused of Trying to ‘Privatise’ War in Iraq,” The Independent (London), October 30, 2006.
102 “Four Hired Guns Killed in Baghdad Ambush Saturday,” Agence France-Presse, June 6, 2004.
103 Danica Kirka, “Four Employees of U.S. Company Killed in Ambush in Baghdad,” Associated Press, June 6, 2004.
104 Ibid.
105 William R. Levesque, “Clearwater Security Worker Killed in Iraq,” St. Petersburg Times (Florida), June 8, 2004.
106 Ibid.
107 “Four Private Security Workers Killed in Iraq,” Deutsche Presse-Agentur, June 6, 2004.
108 “Have Gun… Will Travel,” The Warsaw Voice (Poland), June 23, 2004.
109 Joseph Neff and Jay Price, “Ambush Kills 4 Workers in Iraq; Men Worked for N.C. Security Firm,” News & Observer (Raleigh, North Carolina), June 7, 2004.
110 William R. Levesque, “Clearwater Security Worker Killed in Iraq,” St. Petersburg Times (Florida), June 8, 2004.
111 Ibid.
112 Joseph Neff and Jay Price, “Ambush Kills 4 Workers in Iraq; Men Worked for N.C. Security Firm,” News & Observer, June 7, 2004.
113 Vickie Chachere, “Palm Harbor Man Among Dead in Ambush on Iraq Convoy,” Associated Press, June 7, 2004.
114 Ibid.
115 Odai Sirri, “Allawi May Resort to Baathist Expertise,” AlJazeera.net, June 7, 2004.
116 L. Paul Bremer III, My Year in Iraq, p. 384.
117 Coalition Provisional Authority Order Number 17, June 27, 2004.
118 Press Release, “Fact Sheet on the Anti-War Profiteering Amendment to the Defense Authorization Bill,” Senator Patrick Leahy, June 15, 2004.
119 Scott Shane, “Cables Show Central Negroponte Role in 80’s Covert War Against Nicaragua,” New York Times, April 13, 2005; Michael Dobbs, “Papers Illustrate Negroponte’s Contra Role; Newly Released Documents Show Intelligence Nominee Was Active in U.S. Effort,” Washington Post, April 12, 2005.
120 Ibid.
121 Comprehensive coverage of Negroponte’s time in Honduras can be found in the four-part series in Baltimore Sun in June 1995 reported by Gary Cohn and Ginger Thompson.
122 Carol Rosenberg, “Weary Iraqis Losing Confidence in U.S.,” Miami Herald, April 8, 2004.
123 Author copy of the contract documents.
124 E-mail from State Department representative, August 2006.
125 Author copy of audit.
126 Ibid.