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World Populations I Plate 13
World Population Density
Indigenous Skin Color
The distribution of skin color variations of indigenous populations before colonization by Europeans.
This map represents a reconstruction of populations based on a number of sources. In some cases, areal characteristics have been estimated from descriptions (or drawings) of first contact by the earliest Europeans. In other cases, where there was little European contact or where there is scant information about native populations (as, for example, the populations of Inner Asia), skin color was estimated from surrounding populations and geographic and climatological information. On a map of this scale, it is difficult to give more than a representation of current understanding. It must also be noted that many populations, even before the modern era, were quite heterogeneous in skin color, and this heterogeneity is difficult to depict accurately on any scale. In areas of the world where the indigenous population was sparse and widely scattered (such as Australia), the map's color density can be misleading. Further, some populations, such as the Tasmanians (who are virtually extinct) and Maoris (who have been widely mixed with Europeans), present only a few examples of "unmixed" individuals in historical records.
© 2006 Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.
Plate 14 I World Heritage sites
On this plate and the adjoining one is a sampling of official World Heritage sites, as designated by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
v -A iffiA fa. * j
This page (clockwise):
Rose window, Notre-Dame de Paris, 13th century; terra-cotta warriors from the 3rd-century bc Qin tomb of Emperor Shihuangdi, near Xi'an, China; elephants and acacia trees on the plain near Kilimanjaro, Tanzania; abundant and colourful sea life on the Great Barrier Reef, off the northeast coast of Australia; cruciform Coptic church carved from solid rock, c. 13th century, Lalibela, Ethiopia.
World Heritage sites I Plate 15
This page (clockwise from top left) the pyramid El Castillo in the Mayan city of Chichen Itza, founded 6th century ad, Yucatan, Mexico; Temple of the Golden Pavilion, Kydto, Japan, 14th century (rebuilt, 1955); the Taj Mahal, built mainly 1632-43 by Shah Jahan as a mausoleum for his wife Mumtaz Mahal, Agra, India; giant tortoise on Isabela Island, Galapagos Islands, off the coast of Ecuador; Anasazi cliff dwellings, c. 1200, Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado; detail of a painted ceiling in Rila Monastery, southwestern Bulgaria.
Plate 15: Photographs (clockwise from top left) © Corbis; Kaz Mori—The Image Bank/Getty Images; Gavin Hellier—Robert Harding World Imagery/Getty Images; Craig Lovell/Corbis; Walter Rawlings —Robert Harding World Imagery/Getty Images; © Corbis.
© 2006 Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.
© 2006 Encyclopsedia Britannica, Inc.
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