37 Vecchi, Tavern is My Drum, 122; Stinton Jones, 110.
38 Hasegawa, February Revolution, 287; Keeling, Bolshevism, 86, 85.
39 Lombard, ‘Things I Can’t Forget’, 92, 90; Stinton Jones, 144.
40 Farson, Way of a Transgressor, 187.
41 Stinton Jones, ‘Czar Looked Over My Shoulder’, 97; Gibson, Wild Career, 135.
42 Fleurot, ‘In Petrograd during the Seven Days’, 261.
43 Springfield, ‘Recollections of Russia’, n.p.
44 Lindley, untitled memoirs, 29.
45 Pearse, diary, 27 February/12 March; Swinnerton, ‘Letter from Petrograd’, 4.
46 Stinton Jones, 134, 132–3.
47 Seymour, MS diary for 12 March [27 February].
48 Lombard, ‘Things I Can’t Forget’, 92–3.
49 Seymour, MS diary for 12 March [27 February]; Hegan, ‘Russian Revolution from a Hospital Window’, 558.
50 According to Poutiatine, War and Revolution, 55, it turned out that machine guns had been firing on the street from a window of the house next door to the ARH on the Fontanka side, and there were two more firing ‘from the attic of a tall house on Nevskii, diagonally across from us’.
51 Sybil Grey diary, quoted in Blunt, Lady Muriel, 104.
52 Cotton, letter of 4 March, 3; Seymour, quoted in Wood, ‘Revolution Outside her Window’, 80; see also Pocock, MS diary for Monday 27 February.
53 Pax, Journal d’une comédienne française, 18–23.
54 Marcosson, Rebirth of Russia, 56.
55 Hasegawa, February Revolution, 296; Stinton Jones, 153.
56 Walpole, Secret City, 255.
57 See Keeling, Bolshevism, 82, 85; Stinton Jones, 124–5, 164; Marcosson, Rebirth of Russia, 35, 54; Hart-Davis, Hugh Walpole, 460.
58 Anet, 23; Pollock, ‘The Russian Revolution’, 158.
59 Metcalf, On Britain’s Business, 47.
60 Stinton Jones, ‘Czar Looked Over my Shoulder’, 97; Clare, ‘Eye Witness of the Russian Revolution’.
61 Dissolution, 166.
62 Quoted in Sandra Martin and Roger Hall (eds), Where Were You? Memorable Events of the Twentieth Century, Toronto: Methuen, 1981, 220.
63 Walpole, ‘Official Account of the First Russian Revolution’, 460; Stinton Jones, 142.
64 Fleurot, 128.
65 Ibid.
66 Ibid.
67 Fleurot, ‘In Petrograd during the Seven Days’, 262; Marcosson, Rebirth of Russia, 60.
68 Fleurot, 128–9.
69 Vecchi, Tavern is My Drum, 125; see also Stinton Jones, 150–1.
70 Anon., ‘The Nine Days’, 215.
71 See his report in Francis, 60–2.
72 Hasegawa, February Revolution, 292–3; Vecchi, Tavern is My Drum, 124; Wilton, Russia’s Agony, 122–3.
73 Stinton Jones, 140–1.
74 Bert Hall, One Man’s War, 269–70.
75 Wharton, ‘Russian Ides of March’, 26.
76 Ibid.
77 Swinnerton, ‘Letter from Petrograd’, 4, 5.
78 Locker Lampson, ‘Report on the Russian Revolution’, 240, Kettle, Allies and the Russian Collapse, 14.
79 Gibson, Wild Career, 129; Knox, With the Russian Army, 560.
5 Easy Access to Vodka ‘Would Have Precipitated a Reign of Terror’
1 Bury, ‘Report’, XIII.
2 Dissolution, 168.
3 Wharton, ‘Russian Ides of March’, 26–7.
4 Dearing, unpublished memoirs, 242; Dissolution, 167.
5 Dissolution, 170.
6 Swinnerton, ‘Letter from Petrograd’, 7.
7 Paléologue, 819.
8 Dissolution, 169–70; Mission, 66.
9 North Winship telegram to the American Secretary of State, 20 [3] March 1917; https://history.hanover.edu/texts/tel2.html
10 Houghteling, 115.
11 Locker Lampson, ‘Report on the Russian Revolution’, 240; Poutiatine, War and Revolution, 52.
12 Locker Lampson, ‘Report on the Russian Revolution, 241, 214.
13 Heald, Witness to Revolution, 57–8.
14 Locker Lampson, ‘Report on the Revolution’, 242.
15 Thompson, 89–90.
16 Locker Lampson, ‘Report on the Revolution’, 243.
17 Bury, ‘Report’, XV–XVI.
18 Grey, ‘Sidelights on the Russian Revolution’, 365.
19 Harper, 50.
20 Stinton Jones, 165.
21 Harper, 51.
22 Wilton, Russia’s Agony, 124; Grey, ‘Sidelights on the Russian Revolution’, 365; Walpole, ‘Official Report’, in Hart-Davis, Hugh Walpole, 464–5.
23 Stinton Jones, 165; Poutiatine, War and Revolution, 53.
24 Swinnerton, ‘Letter from Petrograd’, 6; Rogers, ‘Account of the March Revolution’, 16.
25 Lampson, ‘Report on the Russian Revolution,’ 244.
26 Vecchi, Tavern is My Drum, 130–1.
27 Walpole, ‘Official Report’, in Hart-Davis, Hugh Walpole, 465.
28 Locker Lampson, 244.
29 Ibid.; Harper, 52.
30 Vecchi, Tavern is My Drum, 131.
31 Grey, ‘Sidelights on the Russian Revolution’, 366.
32 Harper, 56; Stinton Jones, 166.
33 Houghteling, 149. In an article for the World’s Work on 21 April (NS) entitled ‘How Tsardom Fell’, Arno Dosch-Fleurot also commented on the mercy of the alcohol ban: ‘None but a sober people could have carried out the Revolution. Had the populace of Petrograd and other cities been besotted by drink, the Revolution would never have been so remarkably free from sanguinary excesses on a large scale.’
34 Vecchi, Tavern is My Drum, 130–1; Harper, 53; Ysabel Birkbeck, quoted in Cahill, Between the Lines, 227.
35 Houghteling, 115.
36 Harper, 56, 59.
37 Harper, 54, 53; Wilton, Russia’s Agony, 126.
38 Harper, 52, 54.
39 Walpole, ‘Denis Garstin and the Russian Revolution’, 591.
40 Louisette Andrews, BBC2 interview with Joan Bakewell in 1977.
41 Hegan, ‘Russian Revolution from a Hospital Window’, 559, 560.
42 Hasegawa, February Revolution, 289–90.
43 Seymour, MS diary for 13 March [28 February].
44 Rogers, ‘Account of the March Revolution’, 14; Rogers, 3:7, 52.
45 Swinnerton, ‘Letter from Petrograd’, 8–9; see also Leighton Rogers’s account, in Rogers, 3:7, 59; and Stopford, 118.
46 Rogers, 3:7, 57; Chambrun, Lettres à Marie, 63.
47 Nostitz, Romance and Revolutions, 187. In Dissolution, 172, and Petrograd, 105, Meriel Buchanan refutes this; see also Stopford, 110. For Bousfield Swan Lombard’s account, see ‘Things I Can’t Forget,’ 97.
48 Nostitz, Romance and Revolutions, 185.
49 Cordasco (Woodhouse), online memoir.
50 Houghteling, 77.
51 Margaret Bennet, MS letter 2/15 March.
52 Bury, ‘Report’, XII–XIV; Ransome, Despatch 54; Houghteling, 76.
53 Stinton Jones, 167, 267–8; Markovitch, La Révolution russe, 42.
54 Markovitch, La Révolution russe, 64.
55 Stinton Jones, 264; Seymour, MS diary for 2 March; Rogers, ‘Account of the March Revolution’, 15.
6 ‘Good to be Alive These Marvelous Days’
1 Walpole, ‘Official Account’, 464–5.
2 See Paléologue, 824.
3 Wilton, Russia’s Agony, 127.
4 Houghteling, 80, 82; Markovitch, La Révolution russe, 62.
5 Anet, 28.
6 Rogers, ‘Account of the March Revolution’, 21.
7 Houghteling, 80, 81.
8 Bury, ‘Report’, XXIII–IV; Hunter, ‘Sir George Bury and the Russian Revolution’, 67.
9 Bury, ‘Report’, XXIV; Hart-Davis, Hugh Walpole, 257–8.
10 Walpole, Secret City, 257–8; see also Anet, 29.
11 Pipes, Russian Revolution, 291.
12 Knox, With the Russian Army, 561, 562.
13 Gordon, Russian Year, 124; Bury, ‘Report’, XXV.
14 Anet, 23, 30; Rivet, Last of the Romanofs, 176; Sukhanov, Russian Revolution, 88.
15 Anet, 31.
16 Rivet, Last of the Romanofs, 216.
17 Pollock, ‘The Russian Revolution’, 1075.
18 Houghteling, 100. Re Protopopov’s plans, see Grey, ‘Sidelights on the Russian Revolution’, 368.
19 Walpole, ‘Official Account’, 463; Walpole, Secret City, 228, 258–9.
20 Walpole, Secret City, 258–9.
21 Paléologue, 820.
22 Pollock, ‘The Russian Revolution’, 1076.
23 See Pipes, Russian Revolution, 304–7.