with sodium nitrate, 143-144
production of, 150-165
Firecracker, 176
Hexachloroethane, 175
Magnesium carbonate, 39, 57, 80
temperature effect on, 154
Fireworks, history of, 4-6
Highway flare (see Fusee)
Magnesium oxide, 118, 121
Colored smoke compositions,
First fire, 126, 133, 135
Hydrocarbon, 74
Manganese dioxide, 58, 115
58-59
Flame, temperature of, 117-118,
Hydrogen chloride, 156
Match, electric, 126
theory of, 169-172
120-121, 154-155
Hygroscopicity, 51
Melting point, 35
188
Index
Index
189
Mixing pyrotechnic composi-
"Photoflash" mixtures, 145-148
Propagation Index, 122-123
Sodium oxalate, 154, 155, 165
tions, 182
Photon, energy of, 46
Propellants, 136-140
Solids, nature of, 35-36
Mixture, stoichiometric, 17
Potassium chlorate
for large rockets, 139
Solubility, factors in, 14
Moisture 88
acid with, 57
requirements for, 64
Space Shuttle, 139
Mole concept, 15-17
discovery of, 4
Purple flame compositions,
Sparkler, 62, 117, 148
Molecular weight, 16
hazards of, 59, 109, 134
163
Sparks, production of, 147-150
Molybdenum, 132
in colored flame mixtures, 156,
Pyrodex, 137
Spectrum
161
Pyrotechnic mixture
atomic, 46
in colored smoke mixtures,
granulation of, 95
electromagnetic, 45
Neutralizers, use of,
169-171
manufacture of, 95
molecular, 46
Nitrocellulose, 110-111, 129,
properties of, 55, 144
requirements for, 93
visible, 46, 150, 152
138-139
thermal decomposition of, 50,
Squib, 126
Nitroglycerine, 117, 138-139
56
Stars, for fireworks, 155
Noise, production of, 176-179
with copper chlorate, 58
Realgar (see Arsenic disulfide)
Stoichiometry, 17, 113, 170
NTIS, using, 181
with phosphorus, 56, 127
Red flame compositions, 157,
Strobe effect, 150
with sulfur, 102, 176
159
Strontium carbonate, 153, 157
Potassium dichromate, 94
emission spectrum of, 158
Strontium nitrate, 61
Organic compounds
Potassium nitrate
Red gum, 77
for red flame compositions, 157
as fuels, 74, 78
effect on flame temperature,
Reduction, 18
Sugars (see also Carbohydrates),
definition of, 12
121, 154
Retardants, 80
78, 169
effect on flame temperature,
in igniter compositions, 134
Sulfur
118
properties of, 55, 144
acidic impurities in, 70
heat output of, 76
sources of, 1
Saltpeter (see Potassium ni-
and potassium chlorate, 101
oxidation of, 74
spark production with, 148
trate)
and potassium nitrate, 101
stability of, 31
thermal decomposition of, 55
"Salute," 176
effect on ignition, 70, 108
Oxidation, 18
with sulfur, 101
Sensitivity, factors affecting,
properties of, 70
Oxidation numbers, 18-20
Potassium perchlorate
107-110
smoke production with, 72, 172