61. An effective physical security control when accessing sensitive facilities and systems includes which of the following?
a. Smart card
b. Biometric measure
c. Photo ID
d. Combination of smart card, biometric, and photo ID
61. d. Smart card technology, in combination with biometrics, offers great levels of security when accessing buildings, computers, and large dollar accounts. The smart card can be used in a number of ways to identify the cardholder to the physical access control system. These include (i) carrying a number that can be used to retrieve the cardholder’s access privileges from the physical access control system’s files, (ii) carrying access control privileges on-board the card, (iii) carrying a photo ID to verify the cardholder’s identity, and (iv) carrying a biometric template against which the cardholder’s live scan is compared to verify the cardholder’s identity.
62. A power brownout condition is which of the following?
a. Long-term lag
b. Long-term sag
c. Short-term lag
d. Short-term sag
62. b. A brownout condition is long-term sag. It is a deliberate reduction of voltage output at a power generating station to respond to high demand and thus avoids an outage. Short-term sag is the description of voltage sag. Long-term and short-term lags are incorrect because they are used in describing economic indicators.
63. A voltage spike is which of the following?
a. It is a sharp but brief increase in voltage.
b. It is a slow but brief increase in voltage.
c. It is a sharp but brief decrease in voltage.
d. It is a slow but brief decrease in voltage.
63. a. A voltage spike is a sharp but brief increase in voltage, commonly caused by the turning off of heavy electrical loads such as air conditioners or photocopiers. The other three choices are meaningless.
64. Water sprinklers operate at what temperatures?
a. Between 120 and 130 F
b. Between 130 and 165 F
c. Between 135 and 145 F
d. Between 145 and 160 F
64. b. Most water sprinkler systems operate at temperatures between 130 and 165 degrees Fahrenheit.
65. Which one of the following fire sensors is useful in giving an early warning?
a. Ionization detector
b. Photoelectric smoke detector
c. Infrared flame detector
d. Thermal detector
65. a. The ionization detector is useful in giving an early warning so that human lives can be saved. It uses an ion exchange process to achieve the detection. The photoelectric smoke detector alarms when the source of light is interrupted. The infrared flame detector reacts to emissions from flame. The thermal detector operates on a significant change in temperature.
66. Which one of the following fire stages does not produce smoke?
a. Incipient stage
b. Smoldering stage
c. Flame stage
d. Heat stage
66. a. A normal fire proceeds through four stages: the incipient, smoldering, flame, and heat stages. In the incipient stage, no smoke is emitted. Smoke begins to appear in the smoldering stage. In the flame stage, actual flame can be seen. The heat is intense and building up in the final, heat stage.
67. Which one of the following water sprinkler system elements consists of fire-activated devices?
a. Water supply
b. Water heads
c. Water control valves
d. Alarm system
67. b. A water sprinkler system consists of the following elements: water supply, fire-activated sprinkler devices (heads), water control valves, and a mechanism to activate the audible alarm system.
68. What is the first step to do in case of a fire?
a. Report the fire.
b. Extinguish the fire.
c. Avoid panic.
d. Do not use elevators.
68. a. As part of fire prevention tips, fire should be reported first, and then attempts should be made to extinguish it. Other actions include (i) never open a “hot” door, (ii) pull alarm system, and (iii) try to escape.
69. Which one of the following is filled with water?
a. Wet-pipe sprinkler system
b. Dry-pipe sprinkler system
c. Halogenated sprinkler system
d. Carbon dioxide sprinkler system
69. a. A wet-pipe sprinkler system is made up of sprinkler devices attached to pipes filled with water. A dry-sprinkler system contains air under pressure. When a sprinkler is activated, the released air opens valves allowing water into the pipes. Halogenated and carbon dioxide sprinkler systems are not relevant here.
70. Which of the following combination controls would not be appropriate in extinguishing fires?
a. Smoke/fire detectors
b. Water sprinklers
c. Uninterruptible power supply equipment
d. Fire or evacuation drills
70. c. Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) equipment does not by itself help in extinguishing a fire. UPS can prolong an electrical power supply when there is a power failure. Smoke/fire detectors combined with water sprinklers can help detect or put out an actual fire. Fire or evacuation drills can help in getting ready for an actual fire. A single control would rarely suffice to meet control objectives. Rather, a combination of controls is needed to make up a whole and to provide a synergistic effect. In the example, all three controls are needed to be effective.
71. Modern dry-pipe systems:
a. Are less sophisticated than water-based sprinkler systems
b. Maximize chances of accidental discharge of water
c. Are a substitute for carbon dioxide fire-suppression systems
d. Are a substitute for water-based sprinkler systems
71. d. Dry-pipe systems are more sophisticated than water-based sprinkler systems. They minimize the chances of accidental discharge of water because they discharge water only as needed. Therefore, they are a substitute for water-based sprinkler systems, which are used to extinguish fire. Carbon dioxide is a clean gas and does not leave a residue on computer equipment or magnetic media. However, its use is diminishing due to potential health problems. Carbon dioxide and water sprinklers, respectively, are ranked from most to least harmful to people when activated.
72. Which of the following causes more fire fatalities?
a. Smoke
b. Toxic gases
c. Heat
d. Flames
72. b. Toxic gases cause more fire fatalities than flames, smoke, or heat.
73. Which one of the following replacements for the Halogenated agents (Halon 1211 and 1301) is the safest to humans?