extra: Extra staff have been taken on to cover busy periods.
further: They believed there were likely to be further attacks.
supplementary: Provide them with additional background or with supplementary information.
spare: Don't forget to take a few spare batteries.
ad|di|tion|al|ly /əd I ʃənəli/
1 ADV You use additionally to introduce something extra such as an extra fact or reason. [FORMAL ] □ You can pay bills over the Internet. Additionally, you can check your balance or order statements.
2 ADV [ADV with v] Additionally is used to say that something happens to a greater extent than before. □ The birds are additionally protected in the reserves at Birsay.
ad|di|tive /æ d I t I v/ (additives ) N‑COUNT An additive is a substance which is added in small amounts to foods or other things in order to improve them or to make them last longer. □ Strict safety tests are carried out on food additives.
ad|dle /æ d ə l/ (addles , addling , addled ) VERB If something addles someone's mind or brain, they become confused and unable to think properly. □ [V n] I suppose the shock had addled his poor old brain.
ad|dled /æ d ə ld/ ADJ [usu ADJ n] If you describe someone as addled , you mean that they are confused or unable to think properly. □ You're talking like an addled romantic.
a dd-on (add-ons ) N‑COUNT [oft N n] An add-on is an extra piece of equipment, especially computer equipment, that can be added to a larger one which you already own in order to improve its performance or its usefulness. □ [+ for ] Speakers are sold as add-ons for personal stereos.
ad|dress ◆◆◇ /ədre s, [AM ] æ dres/ (addresses , addressing , addressed )
1 N‑COUNT [usu poss N ] Your address is the number of the house, flat, or apartment and the name of the street and the town where you live or work. □ The address is 2025 M Street, Northwest, Washington, DC, 20036. □ We require details of your name and address.
2 VERB [usu passive] If a letter, envelope, or parcel is addressed to you, your name and address have been written on it. □ [be V -ed + to ] Applications should be addressed to: The business affairs editor.
3 N‑COUNT The address of a website is its location on the internet, for example http://www.collinsdictionary.com. [COMPUTING ]
4 VERB If you address a group of people, you give a speech to them. □ [V n] He is due to address a conference on human rights next week. ● N‑COUNT Address is also a noun. □ [+ to ] The President gave an address to the American people.
5 VERB If you address someone or address a remark to them, you say something to them. [FORMAL ] □ [V n] The two foreign ministers did not address each other directly when they last met. □ [V n + to ] He addressed his remarks to Eleanor, ignoring Maria.
6 VERB If you address a problem or task or if you address yourself to it, you try to understand it or deal with it. □ [V n] Mr King sought to address those fears when he spoke at the meeting. □ [V pron-refl + to ] Throughout the book we have addressed ourselves to the problem of ethics. COLLOCATIONS address VERB
5
address + noun : audience, crowd, gathering, rally; conference, meeting
8
address + noun : concern, issue, problem, question; challenge, crisis, shortage, situation
address + adverb : adequately, appropriately, effectively, properly, satisfactorily; immediately, urgently
ad|dre ss book (address books )
1 N‑COUNT An address book is a book in which you write people's names and addresses.
2 N‑COUNT An address book is a computer file which contains a list of email addresses. [COMPUTING ]
ad|dressee /æ dresiː / (addressees ) N‑COUNT The addressee of a letter or parcel is the person or company that it is addressed to. [FORMAL ]
ad|duce /ædjuː s, [AM ] -duː s/ (adduces , adducing , adduced ) VERB If you adduce something such as a fact or reason, you mention it in order to support an argument. [FORMAL ] □ [V n] We can adduce evidence to support the claim.
ad|enoids /æ d I nɔ I dz/ N‑PLURAL Adenoids are soft lumps of flesh at the back and top of a person's throat that sometimes become swollen and have to be removed.
adept /æde pt/ ADJ [usu v-link ADJ ] Someone who is adept at something can do it skilfully. □ [+ at ] He's usually very adept at keeping his private life out of the media. ● adept|ly /æde ptli/ ADV [ADV with v] □ The therapist adeptly manipulated and massaged my body.
ad|equa|cy /æ d I kwəsi/ N‑UNCOUNT Adequacy is the quality of being good enough or great enough in amount to be acceptable.
ad|equate ◆◇◇ /æ d I kwət/ ADJ [oft ADJ to-inf] If something is adequate , there is enough of it or it is good enough to be used or accepted. □ One in four people worldwide are without adequate homes. □ The old methods weren't adequate to meet current needs. [Also + for ] ● ad|equate|ly ADV [ADV with v] □ Many students are not adequately prepared for higher education. □ I speak the language adequately.
ADHD /e I diː e I tʃ diː / ADHD is an abbreviation for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder .
ad|here /ædh I ə r / (adheres , adhering , adhered )
1 VERB If you adhere to a rule or agreement, you act in the way that it says you should. □ [V + to ] All members of the association adhere to a strict code of practice.