sponge a surgical pad used to absorb fluids.
stent a small, slotted tube inserted into a coronary artery to help hold it open and to keep blood flowing freely. It may be treated with antirejection medicine to prevent the overgrowth of tissue around it.
stethoscope a listening instrument used to amplify internal body sounds.
suture a stitching material used to sew up tissue and wounds. Surgical thread.
suture, catgut suture made from sheep intestine; it is gradually absorbed by the body.
suture, button stitches in which the ends are passed through buttons and tied off.
suture, cobbler a suture with a needle attached to each end.
swab an absorbent material wrapped around a stick or a wire for cleaning wounds or administering medication.
syringe the device used for injecting and withdrawing fluids.
tenaculum tongslike instrument used to hold a body
hernias
herniology
part.
hormones and the glands
endocrinology
urethroscope a lighted instrument used for inspect-
that secrete them
ing the urethra.
immune system
immunology
internal organs
internal medicine
intestine
entrology
MEDICAL FIELDs AND
joints
arthrology,
specialties
rheumatology
kidneys
nephrology
Phenomenon Studied
Name of Specialty
liver
hepatology
aging
geriatrics, gerontology
lungs and breathing
pulmonary medicine,
allergies
allergology
pulmonology
anesthesia
anesthesiology
lymphatic system
lymphology
bacteria
bacteriology
mental disorders
psychiatry
birth
obstetrics
mental processing behind
psychology
behavior and
blood
hematology
consciousness
body function
physiology
mouth
stomatology, oralogy
body movement
kinesiology
muscles
myology, orthopedics
bones
osteology, osteopathy
nervous system
neurology,
bones, muscles, and tendons
orthopedics
neuropathology
cells
cytology
newborns
neonatology
children
pediatrics
nose
rhinology
digestive system
gastroenterology
parasites
parasitology
disease, as examined
pathology
plastic surgery
plastic surgery,
by diseased tissue
cosmetic surgery
disease causes
etiology
poison and toxins
toxicology
disease classification science
nosology
rectum and anus
proctology
disease identification
diagnostics
rheumatic disease
rheumatology
ear, nose, and throat
otolaryngology
serums
serology
ears
otology
sexually transmitted diseases
venereology
epidemic and contagious
epidemiology
skin
dermatology
disease study
skull
craniology
eyes
ophthalmology
spinal manipulation
chiropractic
eyes, visual acuteness testing
optometry
and correction
feet
podiatry, chiropody
stomach
gastrology
female reproductive organs
gynecology
symptoms
symptomology
glands
adenology
teeth
dentistry
gums
periodontics
teeth straightening
orthodontics
hearing
audiology
tissue
histology
heart
cardiology
tumors
oncology
medical terminology AND TESTS 329
helcology urology
phlebology
virology
radiology
X-rays, radiation therapy
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY AND TESTS
acupuncture the insertion of needles into strategic locations in the skin, as a means of relieving pain either locally or throughout the body.
angina severe chest pain caused by insufficient blood flow through the heart.
angiography an X-ray examination of the blood vessels around the heart.
antinuclear antibody test a blood test used to detect the presence of antinuclear antibodies, which signal the presence of an autoimmunity problem.
arterial blood gases a blood test that measures levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide to determine how well the lungs move oxygen into the blood and take carbon dioxide out.
arthrocentesis a procedure in which a sterile needle and syringe are used to drain fluid from a joint.
arthroscopy a diagnostic or treatment procedure that employs a tubelike viewing instrument called an arthroscope to examine the inside of a joint.
Asclepius in Greek mythology, the god of medicine, the son of Apollo.
asymptomatic without symptoms.
auscultation listening for body sounds through a stethoscope to aid in determining normal health.
autoimmunity the process of a body's own immune system working against itself, especially in causing inflammation, as in various diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.
ulcers
urinary and urogenital tract (kidney, ureter, bladder, prostate, penis, urethra)
autopsy an examination of a corpse to determine the exact cause of death.
barium a whitish contrast medium given orally or through an enema to highlight the gastrointestinal tract under an X-ray.
b.d. in prescription writing, an abbreviation for the Latin bis in diem, meaning twice daily. Also written as b.i.d.
Bence Jones protein test a urine test given to detect the presence of a bone tumor.
Benedict test a test for detecting sugar in the urine.
bimanual a two-handed examination of a body area.
biopsy the removal and study of tissue to determine a diagnosis, especially of tumors.
blood count an analysis or calculation of the concentration of various components, such as white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets, in a sample of blood. Also known as a complete blood count.
blood liver enzymes test a test employed to detect the presence of certain liver enzymes in blood, a hallmark of liver damage.
blood transfusion a transfer of blood from a donor to a patient.
bone-density scan a screening test that employs two X-ray beams to measure bone thickness and determine if osteoporosis is present.
bone graft a transplant of part of a bone from one place in the body to another.
bronchoscopy an examination of the trachea and bronchi through the insertion of a bronchoscope.
bruit a murmur heard through the stethoscope over the heart or an artery; an abnormal sound.
caduceus a serpent coiled around a staff, the official insignia of medicine.
cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) a test of a blood sample or fluid from the chest to detect the presence of CA 125, a protein found in high amounts in tumor cells.
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) a method of reviving someone whose heart and breathing have stopped, by means of compressing the chest and blowing air into the lungs via the victim's mouth.