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entered a short period of

decline, suggesting just how

important the site was for the

fate of the virtual currency at

this point. Silk Road users

showed up on the Bitcoin

chat channel asking if there

was anywhere else they could

score some drugs. When Silk

Road came back online, the

price of Bitcoin picked up

again.

But the real onslaught

began on June 1 when the

gossip/news website Gawker

published an in-depth story

about Silk Road, based on

interviews with people who

had purchased and received

LSD and purple haze pot

from the site. There were now

340 different items available,

including tar heroin and

Afghani hash.

In the days immediately

after this story came online,

over a thousand new people

were registering for Silk

Road every day and the price

of a Bitcoin on Mt. Gox shot

up, crossing $10 for the first

time the day after the Gawker

story and $15 two days later.

The growth of the black

market was something many

of the old Cypherpunks had

wanted to enable by creating

an anonymous currency—in

the 1990s some of the

Cypherpunks had even talked

about a “Digital Silk Road.”

But now that it was actually

here, it was causing much

more mixed feelings in the

Bitcoin community. While

Martti had welcomed the site

and Roger Ver looked on

approvingly, many of the

Bitcoiners who were more

interested in technology than

politics thought this was the

worst thing that could happen

to the Bitcoin network. Gavin

tried to personally distance

himself and Jeff Garzik, a

programmer living in North

Carolina who had become

one

of

the

steadiest

contributors to the Bitcoin

software, wrote to Gawker to

explain that Bitcoin was

actually less anonymous than

most people believed, owing

to

the

record

of

all

transactions

on

the

blockchain.

Sure,

the

blockchain

didn’t

have

names, but Garzik explained

that

the

police

would

probably be able to determine

the identity of users through

sophisticated

network

analysis.

“Attempting major illicit

transactions

with

Bitcoin,

given

existing

statistical

analysis techniques deployed

in

the

field

by

law

enforcement,

is

pretty

damned dumb. :),” Garzik

wrote.

In

conversations

with

other developers, Garzik was

less worried about Silk Road

users getting caught and more

concerned

about

all

the

negative attention that Silk

Road would bring if it

continued to grow. The worst

fears of people like Garzik

were borne out on June 5

when

Senator

Chuck

Schumer of New York held a

heavily

covered

news

conference, at which he

decried the brazen business of

Silk Road and called for

prosecutors to shut it down.

He described Bitcoin as an

“online

form

of

money

laundering used to disguise

the source of money, and to

disguise who’s both selling

and buying the drug.”

Rather

than

scaring

people

away,

Schumer’s

commentary—and the deluge

of media attention it received

—brought on yet another

surge of interest, sending the

price of Bitcoin on an Icarus-

like rise that had it at $30

within two days. That was a

600 percent rise from a month

earlier, and a 9,000 percent

increase from six months

earlier. Silk Road now had

ten thousand members.

Ross had, by now, fully

recouped

his

initial

investment—earning $17,000

from

the

sale

of

his

mushrooms,

and

$14,000

from commissions collected

on the sales made by others.

But

the

news

out

of

Washington strained Ross’s

already frayed nerves.

“I was mentally taxed,

and now I felt extremely

vulnerable and scared,” he

wrote in his journal. “The US

govt, my main enemy was

aware of me and some of its

members were calling for my

destruction.

This

is

the

biggest

force

wielding

organization on the planet.”

When Ross shut the site

down in mid-June, to take a

breather, he wrote on the

Bitcoin forums that his little

experiment had claimed way

too much attention: “We’ll do

our best to get out of the

spotlight and hopefully the

merits of Bitcoin will become

the focus.”

But for regular Bitcoin

companies,

the

situation

wasn’t going much more

smoothly. Around the same

time Silk Road went down,

Mark Karpeles found himself

unable to process withdrawals

from Mt. Gox for four days.

The problems helped pull the

price of Bitcoin down almost

as quickly as it had gone up.

But even as the price settled

down, below $20, something

in the air was different. Some

of

Bitcoin’s

youthful

innocence seemed to be gone.

Just a few months earlier

—and even a few weeks

earlier—the forums and chat

channels had felt like a cozy

global community. All the

main characters could be

found online talking to each

other at almost any hour.

Now, everyone was too

busy to chat, or was put off

by all the negative energy.

Mt. Gox users were on the

forums complaining about

Mark’s

silence

as

his

exchange struggled and trades

got delayed. In the chat

rooms,

a

few

upstart

exchanges

that

were

attempting to challenge Mt.

Gox slammed Mark and his

maintenance of Mt. Gox.

There

were

a

growing

number of signs that Mark

was indeed falling behind. In

May he had hurriedly decided

to move Mt. Gox into an

expensive office tower, but so

far he had been able to find

only one employee who was

willing to take the risks

involved in working on

Bitcoin. Jed McCaleb sent

Mark suggestions for how to

improve the site but Mark

never responded.

Much of the tension in the

broader Bitcoin community

seemed to be a result of the

deluge of curiosity seekers

and

pranksters,

who

overwhelmed

the

chat

channel

with

inane

commentary. In June, over

15,000 new people joined the

forums, more than doubling

the membership and leading

to 152,000 new postings.

Bitcoin was supposed to