22. H. Ma et al., “Correction of a pathogenic gene mutation in human embryos,” Nature 548, (2017): 413–419, https://www.nature.com/articles/nature23305.
23. Megan Molteni, “US scientists edit a human embryo—but superbabies won’t come easy,” WIRED, August 2, 2017, https://www.wired.com/story/first-us-crispr-edited-embryos-suggest-superbabies-wont-come-easy/.
24. Ewan Callaway, “Did CRISPR really fix a genetic mutation in these human embryos?,” Nature 8, August 2018, https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05915-2.
25. Pam Belluck, “In breakthrough, scientists edit a dangerous mutation from genes in human embryos,” New York Times, August 2, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/02/science/gene-editing-human-embryos.html.
26. T. Schmid, “A Portlander was the first scientist to successfully edit human embryos. You can hear how he did it,” Willamette Week, March 5, 2018, https://www.wweek.com/promotions/2018/03/05/a-portlander-was-the-first-scientist-to-successfully-edit-human-embryos-you-can-hear-how-he-did-it/.
27. J. Benjamin Hurlbut, “Imperatives of Governance: Human Genome Editing and the Problem of Progress,” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 63, (2020): 177–194, https://muse.jhu.edu/article/748059.
28. Steven Lombardi, phone interview, July 23, 2019.
29. He Jiankui, “Informed consent form,” https://www.sciencemag.org/sites/default/files/crispr_informed-consent.pdf.
30. Jon Cohen, “The untold story of the ‘circle of trust’ behind the world’s first gene-edited babies,” Science, August 1, 2019, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/08/untold-story-circle-trust-behind-world-s-first-gene-edited-babies.
31. Shu-Ching Jean Chen, “Genomic Dreams Coming True In China,” Forbes, August 28, 2013, https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesasia/2013/08/28/genomic-dreams-coming-true-in-china/#85db5162760a.
32. JK He, “Jiankui He talking about human genome editing,” YouTube video, 14:45, July 29, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llxNRGMxyCc&t=723s.
33. Sharon Begley, “ ‘CRISPR babies’ lab asked U.S. scientist for help to disable cholesterol gene in human embryos,” STAT, December 4, 2018, https://www.statnews.com/2018/12/04/crispr-babies-cholesterol-gene-editing/.
34. Teng Jing Xuan, “Found: CCTV’s glowing 2017 coverage of gene-editing pariah He Jiankui,” CX Live, November 30, 2018, https://www.caixinglobal.com/2018-11-30/found-cctvs-glowing-2017-coverage-of-gene-editing-pariah-he-jiankui-101353981.html.
35. A. Lash, “ ‘JK Told Me He Was Planning This’: A CRISPR Baby Q&A with Matt Porteus,” Xconomy, December 4, 2018, https://xconomy.com/national/2018/12/04/jk-told-me-he-was-planning-this-a-crispr-baby-qa-with-matt-porteus/.
36. Jon Cohen, “The untold story of the ‘circle of trust’ behind the world’s first gene-edited babies,” Science, August 1, 2019, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/08/untold-story-circle-trust-behind-world-s-first-gene-edited-babies.
37. Elena Shao, “Former Stanford postdoc criticized for creating the world’s first gene-edited babies,” The Stanford Daily, December 5, 2018, https://www.stanforddaily.com/2018/12/05/former-stanford-postdoc-criticized-for-creating-the-worlds-first-gene-edited-babies/.
38. Pam Belluck, “Gene-edited babies: What a Chinese scientist told an American mentor,” New York Times, April 14, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/14/health/gene-editing-babies.html?module=inline.
39. Candice Choi and Marilynn Marchione, “AP exclusive: US Nobelist was told of gene-edited babies,” AP, January 28, 2019, https://apnews.com/3f3bdc73e7c84fe685f2813510329d62.
40. A. Joseph, R. Robbins, and S. Begley, “An Outsider Claimed to Make Genome-Editing History—And the World Snapped to Attention,” STAT, November 26, 2018, https://www.statnews.com/2018/11/26/he-jiankui-gene-edited-babies-china/.
41. Chengzu Long, interview TRI-CON, San Francisco, March 2, 2019.
42. Hunt Willard, email, June 29, 2019.
Chapter 17: A Maculate Conception
1. Broad Institute, “Genome editing and the germline: A conversation,” YouTube video, 1:01:03, last viewed May 2, 2020, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=POIeIILDo7k&t=.
2. Lap-Chee Tsui, email, July 6, 2019.
3. Jon Cohen, “After last week’s shock, scientists scramble to prevent more gene-edited babies,” Science, December 4, 2018, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/12/after-last-weeks-shock-scientists-scramble-prevent-more-gene-edited-babies.
4. Sharon Begley and Andrew Joseph, “The CRISPR shocker: How genome-editing scientist He Jiankui rose from obscurity to stun the world,” STAT, December 17, 2018, https://www.statnews.com/2018/12/17/crispr-shocker-genome-editing-scientist-he-jiankui/.
5. Jon Cohen, “After last week’s shock, scientists scramble to prevent more gene-edited babies,” Science, December 4, 2018, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/12/after-last-weeks-shock-scientists-scramble-prevent-more-gene-edited-babies.
6. Patrick Tam, email, July 29, 2019.
7. Qiu Renzong, 2nd International Human Genome Editing Summit, Hong Kong, November 28, 2018.
8. Jing-Bao Nie, “He Jiankui’s genetic misadventure: Why him? Why China?,” Hastings Center, December 5, 2018, https://www.thehastingscenter.ojrg/jiankuis-genetic-misadventure-china/.