Выбрать главу

20. Z. Liu et al., “Cloning of Macaque Monkeys by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer,” Cell 172, (2018): 881–887, https://www.cell.com/fulltext/S0092-8674(18)30057-6.

21. Didi Kirsten Tatlow, “A Scientific Ethical Divide Between China and West,” New York Times, June 29, 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/30/science/a-scientific-ethical-divide-between-china-and-west.html.

22. Yangyang Cheng, “China will always be bad at bioethics,” Foreign Policy, April 13, 2018, https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/04/13/china-will-always-be-bad-at-bioethics/.

23. Ibid.

24. Lin Yang, “Exploring the Future Of Life Economy With BGI Co-Founder Wang Jian,” Forbes, June 16, 2016, https://www.forbes.com/sites/linyang/2016/06/16/exploring-the-future-of-life-economy-with-bgi-co-founder-wang-jian/#6ed2f3cd75e0.

25. Mei Fong, “Before the Claims of CRISPR Babies, There Was China’s One-Child Policy,” New York Times, November 28, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/28/opinion/china-crispr-babies.html.

26. Yangyang Cheng, “China will always be bad at bioethics,” Foreign Policy, April 13, 2018, https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/04/13/china-will-always-be-bad-at-bioethics/.

27. J. B. Hurlbut, “Imperatives of governance,” Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 63, (2020): 177–194, https://muse.jhu.edu/article/748059.

28. Sharon Begley, “He took a crash course in bioethics. Then he created CRISPR babies,” STAT, November 27, 2018, https://www.statnews.com/2018/11/27/crispr-babies-creator-soaked-up-bioethics/.

29. Broad Institute, “Genome editing and the germline: A conversation,” YouTube video, 1:01:03, last viewed June 3, 2020, https://youtu.be/POIeIILDo7k.

30. Sandy Macrae, “Workshop on Genome Editing,” National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, August 2019.

31. David Cyranoski, “Russian biologist plans more CRISPR-edited babies,” Nature, June 10, 2019, https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01770-x.

32. “Expert reaction to New Scientist exclusive reporting that five deaf Russian couples (and scientist Denis Rebrikov) want to try CRISPR to have a child who can hear,” Science Media Centre, July 4, 2019, https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-new-scientist-exclusive-reporting-that-five-deaf-russian-couples-and-scientist-denis-rebrikov-want-to-try-crispr-to-have-a-child-who-can-hear/.

33. Jon Cohen, “Russian geneticist answers challenges to his plan to make gene-edited babies,” Science, June 13, 2019, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/06/russian-geneticist-answers-challenges-his-plan-make-gene-edited-babies.

34. Michael Le Page, “Exclusive: Five couples lined up for CRISPR babies to avoid deafness,” New Scientist, July 4, 2019, https://www.newscientist.com/article/2208777-exclusive-five-couples-lined-up-for-crispr-babies-to-avoid-deafness/.

35. Stepan Kravchenko, “Future of Genetically Modified Babies May Lie in Putin’s Hands,” Bloomberg, September 29, 2019, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-29/future-of-genetically-modified-babies-may-lie-in-putin-s-hands.

36. Jon Cohen, “Embattled Russian scientist sharpens plans to create gene-edited babies,” Science, October 21, 2019, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/10/embattled-russian-scientist-sharpens-plans-create-gene-edited-babies.

37. Jon Cohen, “Deaf couple may edit embryo’s DNA to correct hearing mutation,” Science, October 21, 2019, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/10/deaf-couple-may-edit-embryo-s-dna-correct-hearing-mutation.

38. David Cyranoski, “Russian ‘CRISPR-baby’ scientist has started editing genes in human eggs with goal of altering deaf gene,” Nature, October 18, 2019, https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03018-0.

39. Russia Insight, “SCARY: Putin Warns Of GM Super Human Soldiers That Are Worse Than Nukes,” YouTube video, 2:13, October 24, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9v3TNGmbArs.

40. E. Lander, F. Baylis, F. Zhang et al., “Adopt a moratorium on heritable genome editing,” Nature 367, (2019): 165–168, https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00726-5.

41. Eric S. Lander, “The Heroes of CRISPR,” Cell 164, (2016): 18–28, https://www.cell.com/cell/pdf/S0092-8674(15)01705-5.pdf.

42. C. D. Wolinetz and F. S. Collins, “NIH supports call for moratorium on clinical use of germline gene editing,” Nature 567:175 (2019), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6688589/.

43. ASGCT, “Scientific leaders call for global moratorium on germline gene editing,” April 24, 2019, https://www.asgct.org/research/news/april-2019/scientific-leaders-call-for-global-moratorium-on-g.

44. Joel Achenbach, “NIH and top scientists call for moratorium on gene-edited babies,” Washington Post, March 13, 2019, https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2019/03/13/nih-top-scientists-call-moratorium-gene-edited-babies/.

45. Sharon Begley, “Leading scientists, backed by NIH, call for a global moratorium on creating ‘CRISPR babies,’ ” STAT, March 13, 2019, https://www.statnews.com/2019/03/13/crispr-babies-germline-editing-moratorium/.

46. George Church, interview, Boston, August 3, 2019.

47. Jennifer Doudna, “CRISPR’s unwanted anniversary,” Science 366, (2019): 777, https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6467/777.