49. Allison Snow, “Gene editing to stop Lyme disease: caution is warranted,” STAT, August 22, 2019, https://www.statnews.com/2019/08/22/gene-editing-to-stop-lyme-disease-caution-is-warranted/.
50. Charles Darwin, Letter to Asa Gray, May 22, 1860, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/DCP-LETT-2814.xml.
51. Rebecca Kreston, “The special brand of horror that is the New World Screwworm,” Discover Body Horrors (blog), July 22, 2013, http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/bodyhorrors/2013/07/22/screwworm-myiasis/#.XSqhFuhKg2w.
52. C. Noble et al., “Daisy-chain gene drives for the alteration of local populations,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, (2019): 8275–8282, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6486765/.
53. Antonio Regalado, “Top U.S. Intelligence Official Calls Gene Editing a WMD Threat,” MIT Technology Review, February 9, 2016, https://www.technologyreview.com/2016/02/09/71575/top-us-intelligence-official-calls-gene-editing-a-wmd-threat/.
54. Ewen MacAskill, “Bill Gates warns tens of millions could be killed by bio-terrorism,” Guardian, February 18, 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/feb/18/bill-gates-warns-tens-of-millions-could-be-killed-by-bio-terrorism.
55. Daniel M. Gerstein, “Can the bioweapons convention survive Crispr?,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, July 25, 2016, https://thebulletin.org/2016/07/can-the-bioweapons-convention-survive-crispr/.
Chapter 21: Farm Aid
1. Mark Lynas, Seeds of Science (New York: Bloomsbury Sigma, 2018).
2. Kelly Servick, “Once again, U.S. expert panel says genetically engineered crops are safe to eat,” Science, May 17, 2016, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/05/once-again-us-expert-panel-says-genetically-engineered-crops-are-safe-eat#.
3. Brad Plumer, “More than 100 Nobel laureates are calling on Greenpeace to end its anti-GMO campaign,” Vox, June 30, 2016, https://www.vox.com/2016/6/30/12066826/greenpeace-gmos-nobel-laureates.
4. Issues Ink Media, “Mark Lynas on his conversion to supporting GMOs—Oxford Lecture on Farming,” YouTube video, 51:52, last viewed June 22, 2020, https://www.youtube.comwatch?v=vf86QYf4Suo.
5. Will Storr, “Mark Lynas: Truth, Treachery and GM food,” Observer, March 9, 2013, https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/mar/09/mark-lynas-truth-treachery-gm.
6. Erin Brodwin, “We’ll be eating the first Crispr’d foods within 5 years, according to a geneticist who helped invent the blockbuster gene-editing tool,” Business Insider, April 20, 2019, https://www.businessinsider.com/first-crispr-food-5-years-berkeley-scientist-inventor-2019-4.
7. Sarah Webb, “Plants in the CRISPR,” BioTechniques, March 16, 2018, https://www.future-science.com/doi/10.2144/000114583.
8. Jon Cohen, “To feed its 1.4 billion, China bets big on genome editing of crops,” Science, July 29, 2019, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/07/feed-its-14-billion-china-bets-big-genome-editing-crops.
9. Matt Ridley, “Editing Our Genes, One Letter at a Time,” Wall Street Journal, January 11, 2013, http://www.mattridley.co.uk/blog/precision-editing-of-dna/.
10. Charles Mann, The Wizard and the Prophet (New York: Knopf, 2018).
11. Paula Park, “Mary-Dell Chilton,” The Scientist, April 29, 2002, https://www.the-scientist.com/news-profile/mary-dell-chilton-53389.
12. Steven Salzberg, “Surprise! Your Beer and Tea Are Actually Transgenic GMOs,” Forbes, January 20, 2020, https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevensalzberg/2020/01/20/surprise-here-are-12-organic-foods-that-are-transgenic-gmos/#6a9e43ab427f.
13. Susan Hockfield, The Age of Living Machines (Norton: New York, 2019).
14. R. Oliva et al., “Broad-spectrum resistance to bacterial blight in rice using genome editing,” Nature Biotechnology 37, (2019): 1344–1350, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-019-0267-z.
15. Phil Edwards, “A Renaissance painting reveals how breeding changed watermelons,” Vox, August 3, 2016, https://www.vox.com/2015/7/28/9050469/watermelon-breeding-paintings.
16. Stephen S. Hall, “Crispr Can Speed Up Nature—and Change How We Grow Food,” WIRED, July 17, 2018, https://www.wired.com/story/crispr-tomato-mutant-future-of-food/.
17. S. Soyk et al., “Variation in the flowering gene SELF PRUNING 5G promotes day-neutrality and early yield in tomato,” Nature Genetics 49, (2017): 162–168, https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3733.
18. Z. H. Lemmon et al., “Rapid improvement of domestication traits in an orphan crop by genome editing,” Nature Plants 4, (2018): 776–770, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-018-0259-x.
19. C-T. Kwon et al., “Rapid customization of Solanaceae fruit crops for urban agriculture,” Nature Biotechnology 38, (2019): 182–188, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-019-0361-2.
20. Rodolphe Barrangou, “CRISPR craziness: A response to the EU Court ruling,” CRISPR Journal 1, (2018): 4, https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/crispr.2018.29025.edi.
21. Jon Cohen, “To feed its 1.4 billion, China bets big on genome editing of crops,” Science, July 29, 2019, https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/07/feed-its-14-billion-china-bets-big-genome-editing-crops.
22. Oxford Nanopore Technologies, “Mick Watson | The MinION: Applications in Animal Health and Food Security,” YouTube video, 25:30, last viewed February 11, 2019, https://youtu.be/UK8KHlkHhhc.