Joyce, Gerald, 325
Judson, Horace Freeland, 140, 144
Jun, Wang, 210
Jun, Yu, 226, 266
June, Carl, 116, 119, 166
Junjiu, Huang, 197, 201
Jurassic Park, 76–77, 96, 103, 280
K
Kaelin, Bill, 6
Kahn, Jeffrey, 11, 12
Kaine, Tim, 12
Kamens, Joanne, 21
Kan, Yuet, 155
Kansas State University, 318
Karczewski, Konrad, 89
Kaspar, Brian, 159
Kass, Leon, 341
Kathiresan, Sek, 331, 345, 351, 352
Katz, Deborah, 183
Kavli, Fred, 8
Kavli Foundation, 8–10
Kaye, Ed, 163
Keck Foundation, 127
Kennedy, John, 131
Kiani, Samira, 196–202, 239, 257, 259
Kidman, Nicole, 126
Kim, Jin-Soo, 73–74, 87, 96
King, Mary-Claire, xiii, xiv, 7, 138
King’s College, 125
Kingsmore, Stephen, xv
Klug, Aaron, 110, 115
Knoepfler, Paul, 204, 238
Knome, 280
Koch brothers, 3
Koch, Christof, 367
Koeppel, Dan, 311
Komor, Alexis, 326–330
Koonin, Eugene, 34, 50, 57, 99
Kornberg, Arthur, 128, 130, 133
Kruglyak, Leonid, 250
Kuhn, Thomas, 95
Kulakov National Medical Research Center, 269
Kulkarni, Sam, 13
Kushner, Jared, 244
Kyushu University, 33
L
Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), 60
Lactobacillus acidophilus, 40
Lactobacillus plantarum, 39–40
Lactococcus lactis, 40
Lady Gaga, 166
Lam, Carrie, 233
Lambardi, Steve, 208
Lancet, 134, 208, 238, 257, 354, 358
Lander, Eric, xvii, 4, 6, 90–94, 138, 272–275, 339, 347, 357
Lane, David, 178
Lanphier, Edward, 109–111, 120–121, 197
Lapidus, Stanley, 208
Last Week Tonight, 29
Le Figaro, 57
Le Monde, 58
Leber’s congenital amaurosis (LCA), 147–151, 172–173, 176
Ledbetter, David, 230
Lederberg, Esther, 132
Lederberg, Joshua, 22, 132–133
Lee, Stan, 343
Legend, John, 166
Leigh syndrome, 213, 214
Lek, Monkol, 363
Lenin, Vladimir, 271
Lennon, John, 114
Lentiviruses, 145–146, 156–157, 335
Leonard, John, 173, 175
Leonardo Da Vinci, 279
Leroi, Armand, 277
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, 135
Levy, John, 77
Lewin, Benjamin, 69, 70
Lewis, Reggie, 223
Lewis, Ricki, 147
Lichtman, Manny, 161
Liebert, Mary Ann, 152
Li-Fraumeni syndrome, 347
Lifton, Rick, 258
Lincoln, Abraham, 103, 256, 321
Lippman, Zach, 305–306
Listeria, 40
Little, Peter, 143
Liu, David, 87, 91, 171, 236–238, 246, 272, 291, 308, 323–336, 366
Liver disease, 175
Liyuan, Peng, 216
Lo, Dennis, 202, 209, 234
Lombardi, Steve, 208, 212, 225, 242, 251, 266
Long, Chengzu, 229, 236
Lopez, Jennifer, 6, 105
Lord of the Rings, 365
Lost World, The, 77
Lovell-Badge, Robin, 222, 232, 234–237, 240, 249, 251, 270, 347
Lowe, Derek, 239
Luria, Salvador, 126–127
Lyme disease, 289, 294, 297–298
Lymphoma, 13
Lynas, Mark, 301–302, 307
Lynch, Vincent, 347
Lyon, Jeff, 137
M
MacArthur, Daniel, 14
MacLeod, Colin, 135
Macrae, Sandy, 121–122, 269
MacWorld, 80
Mad Money, 120
Maddox, Brenda, 125, 126
Maddox, Sir John, xiii, 18–19, 260
Madeux, Brian, 120–121, 193
Magnuson Clinical Center, 139
Maguire, Al, 148–151
Mahler, Gustav, 167
Makarova, Kira, 34, 50, 57
Malaria, xviii, 153–154, 171, 288–298
Mali, Prashant, 79, 86–87, 94, 282, 292
Malik, Kenan, 354
Malthus, Thomas, 302–303
Mamcarz, Ewelina, 161
Mammoth Biosciences, 100, 101
Manchester University, 255
Mandica, Mark, 286
Mann, Charles, 303, 319–320
Marchione, Marilynn, 193–195, 203, 227, 262
Marfan syndrome, 321
Markmann, James, 281–283
Marks, Nichole, 4–5
Marraffini, Luciano, 21, 22, 25, 47, 56, 74, 81–84, 87–88, 96, 98, 173, 180–181, 188–189
Marsili, Letizia, 342
Martens, Klaas, 313
Martin, Chris, 165
Masepohl, Bernd, 34
Mashumba, Ruramiso, 313
Massachusetts General Hospital, 87, 171, 282–283
Matrix, 324
Matthaei, Heinrich, 130–131
Mavilio, Fulvio, 164
Maxmen, Amy, xiii
May, William, 356
Mayet, Mariam, 295
Mayo Clinic, 240
McCartney, Paul, 114
McCourty, Devin, 158
McGovern, Lore, 80
McGovern, Pat, 3, 80
McGovern Institute, 80, 82, 91
McGraw, Tim, 167
McGuire, Lee, 182
McKusick, Victor, 321–322
McNutt, Marcia, 9
MD Anderson Cancer Center, 175
Medicine
ethics and, 199–200, 264
future of, xiii, 141, 232, 254, 336, 361–363
genomic medicine, xiii–xvii, 181, 331
Greek symbol of, 146
individualized medicine, xiii, 254
personalized medicine, xiii, 363
precision medicine, xiii, 153, 161–163, 169, 172–174, 230
therapeutics, 67, 120–122, 181, 190, 326, 336, 361
transforming, xiii–xvii, 6–7, 73, 140–141, 354, 361–363
Mello, Craig, 50, 181, 227–230, 251–252, 261, 266
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 107
Memory, enhancing, 15, 343
Memory loss, 12
Memory, photographic, 343, 350
Memory recall, 343, 350
Mendel, Gregor, 52
Mendelian diseases, xiv, 145, 161, 178, 289, 292
Mendelian Inheritance in Man, 321
Mendell, Jerry, 159
Mental illness, xii, xiv, 348
Mercator Genetics, 90
Mesirov, Jill, 94
Messenger RNA (mRNA), 48. See also RNA
Messi, Lionel, 334
Meyer, Barbara, 49
Mezrich, Ben, 279
Michigan State University, 210, 350
Microbiology, 38
Miescher, Friedrich, 71
Miller, Henry, 254
Miller, Jeff, 111, 115
MilliporeSigma, 189–190
Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, 194
Minority Coalition for Precision Medicine, 153
Mirkin, Chad, 188
Mirkov, Erik, 311
Mission: Impossible, 96
MIT, 3, 70, 74, 76, 80, 83, 91–92, 110, 256, 290–291, 303, 353
MIT Technology Review, xiii, 195–196, 223, 261
Mitalipov, Shoukhrat, 4–5, 223–225, 276
Mitchell, Margaret, 19
Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT), 213–215
Moineau, Sylvain, 44, 55–57, 81–82, 98
Mojica, Francisco, 31–42, 45, 55, 61, 69, 93, 98
Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), 60
Molteni, Megan, 365
Monash University, 288
Monod, Jacques, 58
Monsanto, 295, 302, 308, 313, 314
Montana State University, 25
Moore, Kimberly, 186–187
Moral code, xviii, 277, 288–296, 355–360
Moratorium debate, 15, 204, 225, 238–241, 254–259, 272–275, 296, 338, 355
Morgan, Alex, 335
Morgan, Thomas Hunt, 123
Morriss, Anne, 337–338
Mosaicism, 199, 220, 248–249, 262–263, 339
Moscow State University, 108
Mosquitoes, 153, 258, 284–296
Motulsky, Arno, 360
Mount Hope Farm, 123–124
Moynihan, Lord Colin, 356
Mozart, 167
Mukherjee, Siddhartha, xi, xviii, 143, 277
Muller, Hermann, 123
Mullin, Emily, 11
Mullis, Kary, 331
Multiple sclerosis, 173
Murayama, Makio, 155
Muscular dystrophy, xiii, xviii, 138, 159, 163, 175–176, 247, 363
Musk, Elon, 335
Mustang Bio, 161