A good introduction to Locke’s thought is John W. Yolton, Locke: An Introduction (1985). Daniel E. Flage, Berkeley’s Doctrine of Notions: A Reconstruction Based on His Theory of Meaning (1987), discusses a central but neglected aspect of Berkeley’s epistemology. The best clear, brief, and accurate explanation of Kant’s epistemology is A.C. Ewing, A Short Commentary on Kant’s “Critique of Pure Reason” (1938, reprinted 1987). An important book that rejects the view of Kant as a phenomenalist or subjective idealist is Henry E. Allison, Kant’s Transcendental Idealism: An Interpretation and Defense (1983). A major study on the relationship between Kant and Hegel is Robert B. Pippin, Hegel’s Idealism: The Satisfactions of Self-Consciousness (1989). Contemporary epistemology Continental epistemology
A short and readable history of Continental philosophy is Robert C. Solomon, Continental Philosophy Since 1750: The Rise and Fall of the Self (1988). Brian Leiter and Michael Rosen (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Continental Philosophy (2007), is a useful anthology of secondary literature. Analytic epistemology
An excellent introduction to analytic epistemology is Paul K. Moser, Dwayne H. Mulder, and J.D. Trout (eds.), The Theory of Knowledge: A Thematic Introduction (1998). Also recommended are Robert Audi, Epistemology: A Contemporary Introduction to the Theory of Knowledge, 3rd ed. (2011); and Roderick M. Chisholm, Theory of Knowledge, 3rd ed. (1989). Jonathan Dancy, Ernest Sosa, and Matthias Steup (eds.), A Companion to Epistemology, 2nd ed. (2010), is a comprehensive reference work. A.P. Martinich Avrum Stroll The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica