87. Saint-Simon, III, 376.
88. Duclos, Secret Memoirs, 326.
89. Michelet, V, 155; Martin, H., XV, 80.
90. Ibid., 115.
91. Saint-Simon, III, 373.
92. Ibid., 376.
93. 77.
94. In Torrey, N., The Spirit of Voltaire, 21.
95. Parton, I, 99.
96. Desnoiresterres, I, 217.
97. Parton, I, 98.
98. Brandes, I, 97.
99. Ibid., 98.
100. 99.
101. Parton, I, 115.
102. Like Desnoiresterres, I, 159, and Brandes, I, 100.
103. Créqui, 149.
104. Desnoiresterres, I, 157.
105. Beard, Miriam, History of the Business Man, 463 ; Brandes, I, 306.
106. Desnoiresterres, I, 190.
107. Parton, I, 154.
108. Desnoiresterres, I, 242; Faguet, Literary History, 469, gives a different version: “Gare que cet écrit in extremis n’aille pas à son addresse.”
109. Parton, I, 165.
110. Voltaire, Works, XXIa, 221.
111. Frederick the Great, Mémoires, I, 59.
112. Desnoiresterres, I, 345.
113. Brandes, I, 152.
114. Ibid.; Parton, I, 185.
115. Parton, I, 190.
CHAPTER II
1. Shakespeare, Richard II, II, i.
2. Defoe, Tour through England and Wales, I, 1 and passim.
3. Voltaire, Lettres philosophiques, No. 9; Ashton, T., Economic History of England: The 18th Century, 36.
4. Quennell, M. and C, History of Everyday Things in England, 21; Mantoux, P., Industrial Revolution in the 18th Century, 165.
5. Quennell, Everyday Things, 12.
6. Trevelyan, G. M., English Social History, 379.
7. Besant, Sir Walter, London in the 18th Century, 386.
8. Lipson, E., Growth of English Society, 212.
9. Nussbaum, Economic Institutions of Modern Europe, 252.
10. Jaurès, Histoire socialiste de la Révolution française, I, 67.
11. Usher, A., History of Mechanical Inventions, 280.
12. Lipson, 196.
13. Ashton, Economic History, 220.
14. Encyclopaedia Britannica, VI, 544a.
15. Mantoux, 73.
16. Ashton, 201–4.
17. In Tawney, R. H., Religion and the Rise of Capitalism, 190.
18. Ashton, 212; Mantoux, 72.
19. Ashton, 203.
20. Webb, S. and B., History of Trade Unionism, 31–50.
21. Mantoux, 119.
22. Chesterfield, Earl of, Letters to His Son, letter of Sept. 22, 1749.
23. Mantoux, 102; Taine, H., Ancient Regime, 33.
24. Beard, M., Business Man, 430.
25. Voltaire, Lettres sur les Anglais, No. 10, in Mantoux, 138.
26. Hume, David, Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals, 248.
27. In Beard, M., 435.
28. Lecky, W. E., History of England, I, 323.
29. Mackay, C, Extraordinary Popular Delusions, 50.
30. Ibid., 55.
31. Quennell, P., Caroline of England, 71.
32. Camb. Mod. History, VI, 181.
33. Mackay, 73.
34. Ibid., 78.
35. Voltaire, Works, XIIIa, 23.
36. Ranke, L., History of the Reformation in Germany, 468.
37. Rogers, J. E. T., Economic Interpretation of History, 157; Ashton, 2; Ogg, David, Europe in the 17th Century, 2.
38. Defoe, Tour, I, 337.
39. Besant, London in the 18th Century, 352.
40. Trevelyan, English Social History, 142.
41. Lecky, History of England, I, 482–84.
42. Ibid.
43. Letter of Mar. 23, 1752.
44. Besant, 380–81.
45. W. R. Brock in New Camb. Mod. History, VII, 266.
46. Besant, 238.
47. Lecky, II, 543–45.
48. James, B. B., Women of England, 335.
49. Besant, 138.
50. Markun, L., Mrs. Grundy, 183.
51. Faÿ, B., La Franc-Maçonnerie et la révolution intellectuelle du xviiie siècle, 78–79.
52. Besant, 384.
53. Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, 15 m.
54. Congreve, Wm., Way of the World, III, iii, in Hampden, J., Eighteenth-Century Plays.
55. Gay, John, Beggar’s Opera, I, v, in Hampden.
56. Halsband, R., Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, 14.
57. Langdon-Davies, J., Short History of Women, 305.
58. Besant, 459; Lecky, I, 522; Quennell, P., Caroline of England, 29.
59. George, M. Dorothy, London in the 18th Century, 29.
60. Lecky, I, 477.
61. Ibid., 479; Besant, 297 f.
62. Berkeley, George, Siris, in Jefferson, D. W., Eighteenth-Century Prose, 122.
63. Besant, 301–2.
64. Turberville, Johnson’s England, I, 48.
65. Boswell, Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides, 84 (Aug. 31, 1773).
66. Enc. Brit., XX, 779d.
67. Camb. Mod. History, VI, 187.
68. Ashton, 62–63.
69. Hobhouse, L. T., Morals in Evolution, 313.
70. Besant, 342.
71. Lecky, I, 183.
72. Ibid., 367; Barnes, H. E., Economic History of the Western World, 256.
73. Westermarck, E. A., Origin and Development of the Moral Ideas, II, 558.
74. Turberville, I, 72.
75. Some instances in Thackeray, The Four Georges, 42–43.
76. Turberville, I, 312.
77. Fielding, H., Amelia, Book I, Ch. ii.
78. Turberville, I, 310.
79. Quennell, M. and C., Everyday Things, 9.
80. Lecky, I, 507.
81. Turberville, I, 322.
82. Ibid., 319; Lecky, I, 501–2.
83. Smith, Preserved, History of Modern Culture, II, 586.
84. Johnson, S., The Rambler, 183.
85. Pope, A., Imitations of Horace, Epistle II.
86. James, B. B., Women of England, 318.
87. Turberville, I, 341.
88. Thackeray, Four Georges, 41.
89. Allen, B. S., Tides in English Taste, I, 249.
90. Lecky, I, 552.
91. Ibid., 553–54.
92. Walpole, H., Letters, I, 309 (June 29, 1744).
93. Weinstock, H., Handel, 228.