15 Brown J. A Note on the Division of Labor by Sex // American Anthropologist. 1970. Vol. 72. № 5.
16 Coltrane S. The Micropolitics of Gender in Nonmdustrial Societies // Gender & Society. 1992. Vol. 6. № 1; Mead M. Male and Female. P. 189, 190.
17 Spain D. Gendered Spaces. Chapel Hilclass="underline" University of North Carolina Press, 1992; Idem. The Spatial Foundations of Men's Friendships and Men's Power // Men's Friendships / Ed. P.Nardi. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1992.
18 Gregor T. No Girls Allowed // Science. 1982. Vol. 82.
19 Sanday P.R. Female Power and Male Dominance. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981. P. 75, 128. См.
также: Lepowsky M. Gender in an Egalitarian Society: A Case Study from the Coral Sea // Beyond the Second Sex: New Directions in the Anthropology of Gender / Ed. P.R.Sanday, R.G.Goodenough. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1990.
20 См.: Tavris C., Wade C. The Longest War. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1984. P. 330-331.
21 См.: Sanday P.R. Fraternity Gang Rape. New York: New York University Press, 1991.
22 Whiting J.W., Kluckhohn R., Anthony A. The Function of Male Initiation Ceremonies at Puberty // Readings in Social Psychology / Ed. E.Maccoby, T.M.Newcomb, E.L.Hatley. New York: Henry Holt, 1958.
23 Gregersen E. Sexual Practices. New York: Franklin Watts, 1983. P. 104.
420
24 Цит. по: Abusharaf R.M. Unmasking Tradition // The Sciences. 1998. March/April. P. 23.
2S
См., напр.: Zoske J. Male Circumcision: A Gender Perspective // Journal of Men's Studies. 1998. Vol. 6. № 2.
2 Paige K., Paige J. The Politics of Reproductive Ritual. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.
27 Tavris C., Wade C. The Longest War. P. 314; см. также: Paige K., Paige J. The Politics of Reproductive Ritual; Mernissi F.
Beyond the Veiclass="underline" Male-Female Dynamics in a Modern Muslim Society. New York: Wiley, 1975.
28
Olien M. The Human Myth. New York: Harper and Row, 1978; Martin M.K., Voorhies B. Female of the Species.
New York: Columbia University Press, 1975.
30
Williams W. The Spirit and the Flesh. Boston: Beacon Press, 1986.
Gregersen E. Sexual Practices. P. 270.
Martin M.K., Voorhies B. Female of the Species. P. 97.
32 К.Клакхон (1948) цит. по: Kluckhohn С. Mirror for Man. Greenwich, Conn.: Fawcett, 1970.
33 Herdt G. Guardians of the Flutes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981. P. I, 165,282.
34 Williams F.E. Papuans of the Trans-Fly. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936. P. 159; см. также: Schiefflin E.L. The Sorrow of the Lonely and the Burning of the Dancers. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1976; Kelly R. Etero Social Structure. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1977; Carrier J. Sex Role Preference as a Explanatory Variable in Homosexual Behavior // Archives of Sexual Behavior. 1977. Vol. 6.
Davenport W. Sex in Cross-Cultural Perspective // Human Sexuality in Four Perspectives / Ed. F.Beach, M.Diamond. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press,1977; см. также: Ritualized Homosexuality in Melanesia /
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38 39
Gregersen E. Sexual Practices. P. 257.
Ibid.
Davenport W. Sex in Cross-Cultural Perspective.
Friedl E. Women and Men: An Anthropologist's View. New York: Holt, Rinehart, 1975.
40
Gregersen E. Sexual Practices. P. 253. Kluckhohn C. Mirror for Man. Gregersen E. Sexual Practices. P. 289.
43
Tanner N., Zihlman A. Women in Evolution // Signs. 1976. Vol. 1. № 3; Tanner N. Becoming Human. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981; Zihlman A. Motherhood in Transition: From Ape to Human // The First Child and Family Formation /
Ed. W.Miller, LNewman. Chapel Hilclass="underline" Carolina Population Center, 1978.
421
44 Fisher H. The Anatomy of Love. New York: Norton, 1992. P. 57.
45 Rosaldo M. The Use and Abuse of Anthropology: Reflections on Feminism and Cross-Cultural Understanding //
Signs. 1980. Vol. 5. № 3. P. 393; рецензия Бонни Нарди на кн. П.Р.Санди «Female Power and Male
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46 Gimbutas M. The Goddesses and Gods of Old Europe, 7000-3500 B.C. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982; Eisler R. The Chalice and the Blade. New York: HarperCollins, 1987.
47 Eisler R. The Chalice and the Blade. P. 45, 58.
Fukuyama F. Women and the Evolution of World Politics // Foreign Affairs. 1998. September. P. 27.
49
Leacock E. Montagnais Women and the Jesuit Program for Colonization. P. 200.
Глава 4
1 Freud S. The Dissection of the Psychical Personality // Freud S. New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis. New York: W.W.Norton, 1965. P. 74.
2 Ibid. P. 76.
3 Freud S. Civilisation and Its Discontents. New York: W.W.Norton, 1970,
4 Letters of Sigmund Freud, 1873-1939 / Ed. E.Freud. London: Hogarth Press, 1961. P. 419-420.
5 Masson J. The Assault on Truth. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1984; Miller A. Thou Shalt Not Be Aware: Society's Betrayal of the Child. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1984; Idem. For Your Own Good. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1983.
Terman L., Cox Miles C. Sex and Personality. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1936; см. также: Minton H. Feminity in Men and Masculinity in Women: American Psychiatry and Psychology Portray Homosexuality in the 1930s // Journal of Homosexuality.
1986. Vol. 13. № 1.
Henry G. Psychogenic Factors in Overt Homosexuality // American Journal of Psychiatry. 1937. Vol. 93; цит. по: Minton H.
Femininity in Men and Masculinity in Women. P. 2. Однако отметим: Генри добавляет, что эти тенденции не просто
возникнут, а социальная реакция на эти черты их преувеличит и укрепит; т.е. открытая гомофобная реакция на самом
деле лишь поощрит тенденцию к гомосексуальности.
оPiaget J. Plays, Dreams and Imitation in Children. New York: Norton, 1951; Idem. The Language and Thought of the Child.
London: Routledge, 1952; Idem. The Moral Judgement of the Child. New York: Free Press, 1965.
Kohlberg L. A Cognitive-Developmental Analysis of Children's Sex Role Concepts and Attitudes // The Development of Sex Differences Ed. E.Maccoby. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1966; Kohlberg L., Zigler E. The Impact of Cognitive Maturity on the Development of Sex Role Attitudes in the Years 4 to 8 / Genetic Psychology Monographs.
1967. Vol. 75.
422
'°BanduraA.,HustonA. Identification as a Process of Incidental Learning // Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 1961.
Vol. 63; Bandura A., Ross D., Ross S. A Comparative Test of the Status Envy, Social Power, and Secondary Reinforcement Theories of Indeificatory Learning // Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 1963. Vol. 67; Mischel W. A Social-Learning View of Sex Differences // The Development of Sex Differences / Ed. E.Maccoby.
1' См.: Homey K. On the Genesis of the Castration Complex in Women // Psychoanalysis and Women Ed. J.B.Miller. New York: BrunerMazel, 1973.
12 Bettelheim B. Symbolic Wounds. New York: Collier, 1962; Lederer W. The Fear of Women. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1968.
13 Chodorow N. The Reproduction of Mothering. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978; Benjamin J. The Bonds of Love. New York: Pantheon, 1984; Dinnerstein D. The Mermaid and the Minotaur. New York: Harper and Row, 1977; Rubin L.
Intimate Strangers. New York: Harper and Row, 1983. У этих трех авторов — Чодороу, Бенджамин и Рубин — докторская