His mother and James looked up, wondering what Rollo meant. He was looking out at the side of the carryall, at something about the wheel.
"What is it," said his mother.
"Why, here is a large fly trying to light on the wheel, and every time his legs touch it, it knocks them away. See! See!"
"Yes, but you must not attend to him now. You must listen to my lecture. You promised to give your attention to me."
So James and Rollo turned away from the window, and began to listen again.
"I have told you now," said she, "of one kind of playthings-those that give pleasure from their novelty only. There is another kind-those that give you pleasure by their use;-such as a doll, for example."
"How, mother? Is a doll of any use?"
"Yes, in one sense; that is, the girl who has it, uses it continually. Perhaps she admired the looks of it, the first day it was given to her; but then, after that, she can use it in so many ways, that it continues to afford her pleasure for a long time. She can dress and undress it, put it to bed, make it sit up for company, and do a great many other things with it. When she gets tired of playing with it one day, she puts it away, and the next day she thinks of something new to do with it, which she never thought of before. Now, which should you think the pleasure you should obtain from a ball, would arise from, its novelty, or its use?"
"Its use," said the boys.
"Yes," said the mother. "The first sight of a ball would not give you any very special pleasure. Its value would consist in the pleasure you would take in playing with it.
"Now, it is generally best to buy such playthings as you can use a great many times, and in a great many ways; such as a top, a ball, a knife, a wheelbarrow. But things that please you only by their novelty, will soon lose all their power to give you pleasure, and be good for nothing to you. Such, for instance, as jumping men, and witches, and funny little images. Children are very often deceived in buying their playthings; for those things which please by their novelty only, usually please them very much for a few minutes, while they are in the shop, and see them for the first time; while those things which would last a long time, do not give them much pleasure at first.
"There is another kind of playthings I want to tell you about a little, and then my lecture will be done. I mean playthings which give you pleasure, but give other persons pain. A drum and a whistle, for example, are disagreeable to other persons; and children, therefore, ought not to choose them, unless they have a place to go to, to play with them, which will be out of hearing. I have known boys to buy masks to frighten other children with, and bows and arrows, which sometimes are the means of putting out children's eyes. So you must consider, when you are choosing playthings, first, whether the pleasure they will give you will be from the novelty or the use; and, secondly, whether, in giving you pleasure, they will give any other persons pain.
"This is the end of the lecture. Now you may rest a little, and look about, and then I will tell you a short story."
THE YOUNG DRIVERS.
They came, about this time, to the foot of a long hill, and Jonas said he believed that he would get out and walk up, and he said James might drive the horse. So he put the reins into James's hands, and jumped out. Rollo climbed over the seat, and sat by his side. Presently James saw a large stone in the road, and he asked Rollo to see how well he could drive round it; for as the horse was going, he would have carried one wheel directly over it. So he pulled one of the reins, and turned the horse away; but he contrived to turn him out just far enough to make the other wheel go over the stone. Rollo laughed, and asked him to let him try the next time; and James gave him the reins; but there was no other stone till they got up to the top of the hill.
Then James said that Rollo might ride on the front seat now, and when Jonas got in, he climbed back to the back seat, and took his place by the side of Rollo's mother.
"Come, mother," then said Rollo, "we are rested enough now: please to begin the story."
"Very well, if you are all ready."
So she began as follows:-
THE STORY Of SHALLOW, SELFISH, AND WISE.
Once there were three boys going into town to buy some playthings:
their names were Shallow, Selfish, and Wise. Each had half a
dollar. Shallow carried his in his hand, tossing it up in the air,
and catching it, as he went along. Selfish kept teasing his mother
to give him some more money: half a dollar, he said, was not
enough. Wise walked along quietly, with his cash safe in his
pocket.
Presently Shallow missed catching his half dollar, and-chink-it
went, on the sidewalk, and it rolled along down into a crack under
a building. Then he began to cry. Selfish stood by, holding his own
money tight in his hands, and said he did not pity Shallow at all;
it was good enough for him; he had no business to be tossing it up.
Wise came up, and tried to get the money out with a stick, but he
could not. He told Shallow not to cry; said he was sorry he had
lost his money, and that he would give him half of his, as soon as
they could get it changed at the shop.
So they walked along to the toy-shop.
Their mother said that each one might choose his own plaything; so
they began to look around on the counter and shelves.
After a while, Shallow began to laugh very loud and heartily at
something he found. It was an image of a grinning monkey. It looked
very droll indeed. Shallow asked Wise to come and see. Wise laughed
at it too, but said he should not want to buy it, as he thought he
should soon get tired of laughing at any thing, if it was ever so
droll.
Shallow was sure that he should never get tired of laughing at so
very droll a thing as the grinning monkey; and he decided to buy
it, if Wise would give him half of his money; and so Wise did.
Selfish found a rattle, a large, noisy rattle, and went to
springing it until they were all tired of hearing the noise.
"I think I shall buy this," said he. "I can make believe that there
is a fire, and can run about springing my rattle, and crying,
'Fire! Fire!' or I can play that a thief is breaking into a store,
and can rattle my rattle at him, and call out, 'Stop thief!'"
"But that will disturb all the people in the house," said Wise.
"What care I for that?" said Selfish.
Selfish found that the price of his rattle was not so much as the
half dollar; so he laid out the rest of it in cake, and sat down on
a box, and began to eat it.
Wise passed by all the images and gaudy toys, only good to look at
a few times, and chose a soft ball, and finding that that did not
take all of his half of the money, he purchased a little morocco
box with an inkstand, some wafers, and one or two short pens in
it. Shallow told him that was not a plaything; it was only fit for
a school; and as to his ball, he did not think much of that.
Wise said he thought they could all play with the ball a great many
times, and he thought, too, that he should like his little inkstand
rainy days and winter evenings.
So the boys walked along home. Shallow stopped every moment to
laugh at his monkey, and Selfish to spring his rattle; and they
looked with contempt on Wise's ball, which he carried quietly in
one hand, and his box done up in brown paper in the other.
When they got home, Shallow ran in to show his monkey. The people