siege of (1097–8) 59, 80, 93, 117, 120, 132–48, 155, 163, 334
apartheid 225–40
Apocalypse, the 31, 247
Arda of Edessa 202, 207
Aristotle 32, 34
Politics 32
Armenians 118–19, 132, 134, 135, 141, 142, 227
Arnaud Aimery, abbot of Cîteaux 581, 582, 583, 584–5, 587–92, 597, 669
Arnold III, count of Aerschot 300, 308–17 passim
Arnold, bishop of Lisieux 295
Arnold of Lübeck, chronicler 392, 418, 492, 685
Arnulf of Chocques, twice patriarch of Jerusalem 117, 145, 156, 160, 169, 204
Arnulf, king of the East Franks 38
Arpin, viscount of Bourges 175
Arqah, siege of (1099) 142, 145, 150–53
Arrabit, family of 228
Arsuf 161, 179
battle of (1191) 353, 439, 458–9
Ascalon 157, 206, 330, 332, 335, 372, 722, 765, 768, 771
battle of (1099) 60, 117, 140, 141, 160, 162
capture of (1153) 344, 346
and Third Crusade 456–71
al-Ashraf Khalil, sultan of Egypt 732, 818–22
Assassins, the, Shi’ite sect 128, 198, 199, 352, 466
assise de l’an et jour 196
assise des bourgeois 231, 729
assise du coup apparent 223
assise sur la ligece 205, 211, 223
assises (laws) of Jerusalem 205, 213, 230
Athena Promachos, Phidias’s statue of 548
Athlit, Chêteau Pèlerin 628, 637, 645, 648, 722, 822
Augustine of Hippo 29, 34–5, 38, 567, 583
Autun, crusade vowsat (1095) 63
Avars 36, 37
Avis, Order of 256, 667
Aymar, patriarch of Jerusalem 509, 721
al-Azimi, Aleppan chronicler 81
Al-Babayn, battle of (1167) 337, 348
Bacon, Francis, on holy war 875
Badr al-Jamali, vizier of Egypt 128
Bahram, vizier of Egypt 225
Baibars al-Bunduqdari, sultan of Egypt 351, 722, 728–9, 730–31, 797, 807, 813, 817
Baghdad 2, 173, 175, 554, 806
Abbasid caliphate, caliphs of 1, 12, 52, 53, 126, 188, 191, 195, 345, 348, 350, 353, 806
Bagrat the Armenian 134
Baha’ al-Din ibn Shaddad, writer and civil servant 235, 353, 384–5, 403, 406, 411, 414, 420, 442–3, 452, 456, 459, 464, 470, 472
Balak of Aleppo 187, 265, 271
Baldric of Borgueil, chronicler 93
Baldwin, archbishop of Canterbury 377–8, 381, 383, 385–7, 393, 395, 407, 428–30, 433, 435, 441
Baldwin, intimate, perhaps lover, of Baldwin I 202
Baldwin I, count of Edessa and king of Jerusalem 20, 82, 109, 111, 131–2, 134, 149, 161, 164, 178, 185–6, 187, 190, 195, 197, 200–205, 207, 254, 259, 357
Baldwin II, emperor of Constantinople 556, 632, 762, 783
Baldwin II, of Le Bourcq, count of Edessa and king of Jerusalem 109, 186–7, 188, 191, 194, 195, 200–201, 204–9, 221, 225, 228, 231, 264, 265, 267, 271, 346
Baldwin III, king of Jerusalem 195, 201, 207, 208–9, 212, 216, 223, 231, 331–2, 334, 335, 345, 346–7, 357
Baldwin IV, king of Jerusalem 209–11, 212, 227, 354, 356, 357–64
leprosy of 210–11, 212, 356
Baldwin V, king of Jerusalem 209, 236–7, 354, 361, 363–5
Baldwin IX, count of Flanders, emperor of Constantinople 502–3, 505, 507–8, 509, 510, 516, 518–20, 525–6, 531, 542, 550, 554–6, 559, 613, 885, 888
Baldwin of Ibelin 229, 359–60, 361, 365–6
Baldwin of Marasch 235, 268
Baldwin of Mons, count of Hainault 63
Balian of Ibelin 229, 371, 372, 429, 472
Balts, the 677, 685
al-Bara 121, 138, 140, 149, 190
Barbastro 660, 661
Bari 11–12, 14, 55, 108, 112, 537
Barisan (or Balian), founder of Ibelin family 221
Barisan of Beirut 725
Barkyaruq, Seljuk prince 128
Basil II, the Bulgar Slayer, Byzantine emperor 11, 55, 535
Bayeux Tapestry, the 76
Bayezid I, Ottoman sultan 846, 851, 853, 856–7
Bayezid II, Ottoman sultan 872
Bayt Nuba 462–4, 467–9
Beaufort, castle of 235, 404–5, 406, 407, 409, 415, 810
Bede 36, 41
Bedouin 4, 12, 226, 347, 356, 638
Bedum, Frisia 618–19
Beirut 153, 179, 221, 352, 372, 492, 495, 822
Ibelin palace at 238, 718, 730
Bela III, king of Hungary 419, 421, 434, 626
Bela IV, king of Hungary 785
Bela of Hungary 224
Belchite, confraternity of 256
Belgrade 96, 844
defence of (1456) 837, 844, 866–9
Belvoir, castle of 232, 372
bathroom at 238
Benedetto Accolti, chancellor of Florence and historian 829
Benedict, saint 39
Benedict VIII, pope 55
Benedict XII, pope 830–31, 905
Benedict XIII, anti-pope 854
Benedict d’Alignan, bishop of Marseilles 719–20
Benevento, battle of (1266) 898
Benzo of Alba 69
Berengaria of Navarre, queen of England 442–4, 450
Bernard, abbot of Clairvaux 27–8, 68, 250–51, 252, 255, 257, 275–99, 304–5, 306, 310, 311, 337–8, 384, 489, 569, 580, 674, 678–80
De consideratione 337–8
De laude novae militiae 250–51, 255, 256, 277
Bernard, count of Ploetzkau 293, 320
Bernard Gui, inquisitor 602–3
misrepresention of, in Umberto Eco’s Name of the Rose 602
Bernard of Valence, patriarch of Antioch 193
Bertha of Sulzbach, Byzantine empress 319
Berthier of Orléans, poet and clerk 388–9
Berthold, bishop of Livonia 488, 689–90
Bertrada of Montfort, countess of Anjou 107
Bertrand, acting count of Toulouse, count of Tripoli 196–7, 198
Bertrand, claimant to county of Tripoli 198–9, 331
Bertrand of Born, troubadour 575
Bertrand du Guesclin 886
Bertrand of Montcontour 86
Bertrand du Poujet, legate 900
Bertrandon de la Brocquière, Burgundian agent 828, 846, 859
Bethgibelin 221, 224, 231
Bethlehem 153, 155, 202, 207, 225, 231, 236, 336, 471, 740
Béziers, massacre at (1209) 590–92
Birger, king of Sweden 697
Birger Jarl, Swedish crusader 697
Blanche of Castile, queen of France 772, 780, 803
Bodrum (Halicarnassus), St Peter’s castle at 884–5
Bogomils, Balkan heretics 573–4
Bohemia, kingdom of 9–10
Bohemund, prince of Taranto and
Antioch 14, 15, 59, 71, 76–7, 82, 93, 94, 110–14, 115, 119–20, 121, 130, 131–2, 136–7, 138–42, 145, 146–52, 161, 175, 178, 186, 190, 193–4, 197, 201, 203, 221, 234, 246, 258, 261–3, 537
physical description of 262
Bohemund II, prince of Antioch 191–2, 194, 195, 196, 200, 264, 267, 346
Bohemund III, prince of Antioch 191, 346, 347, 348, 361, 403, 428, 492
Bohemund IV, count of Tripoli, prince of Antioch 200, 492, 555, 716, 723
Bohemund V, count of Tripoli, prince of Antioch 726, 785
Bohemund VI, count of Tripoli, prince of Antioch 728, 806
Bohemund VII, count of Tripoli 817
Boleslav III, king of Poland 678
Boniface III, marquis of Montferrat 504, 517–20, 525, 528, 531, 532–3, 538–9, 541–2, 547, 550, 554–5, 556, 588
Boniface VIII, pope 842, 899
Boniface IX, pope 854
Bonizo, bishop of Sutri 47, 67
Liber de Vita Christiana 47
Boris, Hungarian claimant 321
Boucicaut, Jean le Meingre, Marshal of France 707, 846, 856
Bourges, assembly at (1145) 276–7, 278, 323
Bouvines, battle of (1214) 595, 598, 615
Bremen 398, 412, 414, 424, 430, 685, 689