Odo of St Maur-les-Fosses 42, 43
Oliver de la Marche 860–61
Oliver of Paderborn 618–19, 621, 633, 634, 638, 640, 647, 736
Oliver of Termes, Cathar sympathizer, crusader 604, 722, 774
Orderic Vitalis, chronicler 48, 214, 249–50
Ordinatio de predicatione Sancti Crucis in Angliae 387–8, 620–21
Origen of Alexandria 29, 32
Orkhan, Ottoman sultan 843, 846, 851
Osbert ‘Anglicus’ 316
Osman (Uthman), founder of the Ottoman dynasty 843
Oswald, king of Northumbria 36, 40, 41
Otho of Trazegnies 389
Othon of Grandson, Savoyard crusader 817, 820
Otto, bishop of Bamberg 678
Otto, bishop of Freising, writer 274, 278, 282–3, 287, 293, 294, 297, 304, 320, 324, 326, 328, 329, 330, 335, 336–7, 680
Otto I, king of Germany, emperor 5, 8–9, 40
Otto IV, king of Germany, emperor 582, 589, 595, 612, 619
Ottokar II, king of Bohemia 702, 704, 815
Ottoman Turks, empire of 560, 711, 826, 828–9, 834, 836–7, 843–74 passim
Oultrejourdain, lordship in Transjordan 203, 205
Outremer
in twelfth century: culture of 233–9; physical characteristics 176–8; settlement in 219–25; society of 212–40
in thirteenth century 715–33; extent of 721
Pannonhalma, massacre at (1096) 95
Palestine, partition of 152
paratge 577–8
Paris
crusade assembly at (1188) 378, 381, 387, 389, 391, 392, 485
siege of 885/6 38
Treaty of (1229) 566, 601–2
Paschal II, pope 72, 75, 170–71, 248, 249, 261, 664
Paschia de Riveri, patriarchal mistress 229
Paul, saint 30, 32, 36, 250
Paul III, pope 873, 893
Paul IV, pope 902
Paul V, pope 874
Paul Vladimiri, Polish advocate 710
Pechenegs 11–12, 61, 115
Pelagius, cardinal and legate 630–49
passim, 740
Pelayo, legendary king of the Asturias 656
Pelekanum 121, 124
Persia, Il-Khanate of 715
Peter I, king of Aragon 659, 662
Peter I, king of Cyprus 831–4, 843, 886
Peter II, king of Aragon 582, 587, 593, 594–5, 596–8, 612, 668–9
Peter III, king of Aragon 898
Peter of Alipha (or Aups) 113–14, 132
Peter Bartholomew, visionary 143–6, 152, 160
Peter of Blois 379–80, 381, 387
Peter of Bruys, heretic 580
Peter of Capuano, legate 495–6, 503, 524, 525, 528, 530, 539, 556
Peter of Castelnau, legate 581, 582
Peter Damian 70
Peter Desiderius 146, 156
Peter Garcias, heretic 567
Peter the Hermit 59, 60, 61, 71, 78–81, 83, 92, 94–100, 106, 108, 109, 138, 146, 156, 160, 282, 497
Peter of Les Vaux-de-Cernay 586
Peter Mauclerc, count of Brittany 759, 761, 762, 765, 775, 793
Peter of Montague, master of the Templars 633, 647
Peter Pitoes, bishop of Oporto 310–11, 312, 314
Peter Raymond of Hautpol 145
Peter des Roches, bishop of Winchester 624, 648, 736–7, 743, 744–5, 748, 752, 753, 759
Peter the Venerable, abbot of Cluny 245, 283
Petra 203
Pheasant, Feast and Vow of 860–61
Philaretus Brachamius of Antioch 134
Philip, bishop of Beauvais 412, 429, 466, 584, 586
Philip, duke of Swabia, king of Germany 519, 520, 538–40, 690
Philip I, the Fat, king of France 11, 62, 107, 192
Philip II, king of France 18, 252, 342, 377–8, 389–90, 391, 393, 394, 397, 470, 484, 496, 502, 508, 513, 518–19, 576, 582, 587–9, 595, 599, 604, 613, 615, 617, 622–3, 736
on the Third Crusade 403, 418, 424, 430–43, 448–55
Philip II, king of Spain 671, 902, 910
Philip III, king of France 812, 816, 818, 898–9
Philip IV, king of France 706, 743, 829–30, 841, 879, 899
Philip V, king of France 830, 835, 880–81
Philip VI, king of France 881
crusade plan of 830–31
Philip of Alsace, count of Flanders 218, 341, 360, 378, 397, 437, 440, 443, 450, 453
Philip of Aubigny 624–5, 745
Philip Basset of Postwick 297
Philip the Bold, duke of Burgundy 854
Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy 828, 858–61, 865–6, 870–71, 883
Philip of Mézières, chancellor of Cyprus and propagandist 827–8, 831, 832–3, 854, 857–8, 887, 891, 905
Order of the Passion of 854, 875
Epistre Lamentable 857–8
Philip of Montfort, lord of Tyre 725, 726–7, 728, 796
Philip of Novara, chronicler and legist 729, 730
Philip of Oxford, academic and preacher 623
Philomelium 147
Piacenza, council of (1095) 61–2, 82
Pierre Dubois, writer and polemicist 913–14
Pierre de Thomas, legate 832–3
pilgrimage 43, 54–55, 56, 65–6, 68–70, 72–4, 81–2, 116, 167, 169, 180, 217–18, 221, 247, 251–3, 259, 330, 396, 558, 708, 884, 913
Pilgrimage of Grace (1536) 903
Pippin, king of Italy 37
Pisa, Pisans 54, 55, 178, 179–80, 201, 402, 407, 424, 449, 450, 461, 465, 511, 514, 516, 631, 718, 727, 789, 796, 817, 820
Council of (1135) 248
Pius II, pope 829, 837, 844, 860, 864, 867, 870–71, 893, 908
Pius V, pope 902
Plaisance, queen of Cyprus 728
Poitiers 74
battle of (732) 52; (1356) 909
Poland, kingdom of 9–10
Pons, count of Tripoli 197, 207
poulains, pullani (i.e. Outremer Franks) 216, 717
preaching 64–6, 71, 74–5, 76, 79–80, 170, 245, 246, 278–84, 287–8, 311, 376–89, 477–88, 490, 495, 497–9, 503–4, 568–9, 584–5, 588, 607, 608, 610, 615, 618–23, 690, 705, 736–7, 744, 756, 773–5, 810, 814–15, 832, 867–8, 871, 891
Prester John 641, 642
Pribislav of Lübeck 682, 683
Pribislav of Mecklenberg 683
prophecy 31, 288, 619, 641–3, 909–10, 914
Protestants 873, 893
Prussia 677, 685, 687, 688–9, 694, 698–705, 710–11, 756
Qaqun (Caco), administration of 233–4
Qutb al-Din of Rum 426–7
Rachel of Mainz 102
Radulf (or Raoul or Rudolph), Cistercian demagogue 282–6, 311
Raimbold Croton 87, 156, 249
Rainald Masoir, Antiochene noble 191–2
Rainaldo, crusade commander 98
Rainier Sacconi 573
Ralph of Caen, biographer 87
Ralph of Domfront, patriarch of Jerusalem 193
Ralph Glaber, chronicler 55, 56, 657
Ralph Hauterive, archdeacon of Colchester 432
Ralph Niger, writer 216, 382, 390
Ralph of Tiberias 429, 493
Ramla 117, 153, 160, 219, 224, 463, 807
battle of (1102) 87, 175
Ramon Berenguer I, count of Barcelona 658, 660
Ranieri of Pisa, saint and messiah 219
Ranulf Glanvill, justiciar 386, 395, 428, 433, 435, 438, 441
Raol, chaplain, author of De expugnatione Lyxbonensi 27, 312, 314, 316, 317
Rashid al-Din Sinan, ‘Old Man of the Mountains’, Assassin 199, 352, 466
Ratibor of Pomerania 307
Raymond II, count of Tripoli 197–200, 330, 331, 346
Raymond III, count of Tripoli 197, 198, 199, 200, 234, 348, 354, 358–69, 407
Raymond IV, count of Toulouse 31, 48, 59, 63, 66, 94, 111, 113, 114–16, 120–21, 130, 131, 137, 139, 141, 142, 144–5, 148, 149–61, 173–4, 175, 190, 196, 197, 580, 661
Raymond V, count of Toulouse 397, 579, 580, 605
Raymond VI, count of Toulouse 566, 581, 582–600, 605, 616
Raymond VII, count of Toulouse 599–604, 773, 774, 775, 781
Raymond of Aguilers, chronicler 31, 60, 92, 115, 145, 156, 157
Raymond Pilet of Alès 85