—increasing life expectancy, reducing disability and mortality;
—improving disease prevention and the provision of timely, qualified primary healthcare and high-technology medical assistance;
—improving standards of medical assistance and likewise of the quality, as well as effectiveness and safety of medicines.
72.One of the main threats to national security in terms of healthcare and national health is the appearance of large-scale epidemics and pandemics, the mass spread of HIV infection, tuberculosis, drug addiction, alcoholism, and the increased accessibility of psychoactive and psychotropic substances.
73.A direct negative effect on national security in the domain of healthcare and the health of the nation is exerted by the low effectiveness of the medical insurance system and the low quality of health-care specialist training and retraining; the insufficient level of social guarantees and wages for medical workers and insufficient financing for the system of high-technology medical assistance; the incomplete formation of a normative legal basis for healthcare oriented at increasing accessibility and implementing guarantees of medical assistance for the general population.
74.The state policy of the Russian Federation relating to healthcare and the health of the nation is geared at preventive medicine and also at preventing the spread of socially dangerous illnesses.
75.The main directions of national security policy in the sphere of healthcare and national health of the Russian Federation are determined in the medium term by the intensification of the preventative orientation of healthcare, focusing on preserving human health, and preserving the institution of the family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood, as the foundations of social vitality.
76.The strengthening of national security in the area of healthcare and national health will be supported by enhancing the quality and accessibility of medical services, by using promising information and telecommunications technologies, by means of state support for promising pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and nano-technological research, and likewise by modernizing economic mechanisms involved in the functioning of healthcare and developing the material-technical base of state and municipal health-care systems, taking regional particularities into consideration.
77.In order to counteract threats to healthcare and the health of the nation, the forces of national security in cooperation with civil society institutions ensure the effectiveness of state regulation in the area of standardization, licensing, and certification of medical services, in the accreditation of medical and pharmaceutical establishments, in the provision of state guarantees for receiving medical assistance and modernizing the system of obligatory medical insurance, and in the definition of uniform criteria evaluating the work of centers for treatment and prevention at the level of municipal formations and subjects of the Russian Federation.
78.The resolution of problems of national security in the sphere of healthcare and the health of the nation in the medium and long term is achieved by the following means:
—formulating national programs (projects) for the treatment of socially significant diseases (oncological, cardiac-arterial, diabetic, and physiological illnesses, drug addiction, alcoholism) alongside the development of uniform approaches to the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients;
—developing an administrative system overseeing the quality and accessibility of medical assistance, and the training of health-care specialists;
—providing for the qualitative transformation of the structure of infections and for the liquidation of the preconditions of epidemics, including epidemics caused by particularly dangerous infectious pathogens, by developing and implementing promising technologies and national programs of state support for disease prevention.
7. CULTURE
79.Strategic objectives ensuring national security in the cultural sphere are as follows:
—broadening access of large sections of the population to the best examples of national and foreign culture and art by creating modern territorially distributed information banks;
—creating conditions for the stimulation of creative self-realization within the population, by improving systems of cultural enlightenment, the organization of leisure activities, and mass extracurricular artistic education;
—assisting the development of the cultural potential of Russia’s regions and supporting regional cultural initiatives.
80.The main threats to national security in the cultural sphere are the dominance of production of mass culture oriented towards the spiritual needs of marginalized groups and likewise unlawful infringements against cultural objects.
81.Negative influences on the state of national security in the cultural sphere are intensified by attempts to revise perspectives on Russia’s history, its role, and its place in world history; and by the propagandizing of a lifestyle based on permissiveness and violence, or racial, national, and religious intolerance.
82.In order to counteract threats in the cultural sphere, the forces of national security together with civil society institutions ensure the effectiveness of state regulation intended to support and develop national cultures, tolerance, self-respect, and likewise the development of international [in the sense of interethnic] and interregional cultural ties.
83.The strengthening of national security in the cultural sphere will be served by preserving and developing indigenous cultures within Russia’s multinational population, and the citizenry’s spiritual values; by improving the material-technical basis of cultural and leisure establishments; by perfecting the system of training of cadres and providing for their social welfare; by supporting the production and distribution of domestic cinematography; by developing cultural tourism; by establishing government contracts for the creation of cinematographic and printed works, television, radio programs, and internet resources; and likewise by using Russia’s cultural potential in the service of multilateral international cooperation.
84.In the medium and long term, the resolution of national security challenges in the cultural sphere are achieved by acknowledging the primary role of culture in the rebirth and preservation of cultural-moral values, by reinforcing the spiritual unity of the multinational population of the Russian Federation and the international image of Russia as a country with a very rich traditional and dynamically developing contemporary culture, by creating a system of spiritual and patriotic education for Russian citizens, and finally by developing.
8. THE ECOLOGY OF LIVING SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
85.Strategic objectives relating to ecological security and environmental management are:
—preserving of the environment and ensuring its protection;
—redressing the environmental consequences of economic activity in the context of a growing economy and global climate changes.
86.The state of national security in the ecological sphere is negatively affected by the depletion of world reserves of mineral, water and biological resources, and likewise by the presence in the Russian Federation of ecologically disadvantaged regions.
87.The state of national security in the ecological sphere is worsened by the maintenance of a significant number of dangerous production processes, whose activity leads to the destruction of the ecological balance, including the disruption of sanitary-epidemiological and/or sanitary-hygienic standards of drinking water used by the general population; disposal of radioactive waste from the nuclear fuel cycle is not subject to normative legal regulation and oversight. The strategic risk of exhaustion of the country’s most important mineral and raw material resources is growing, as the rate of extraction of many mineral resources declines.
88.In order to counteract threats in the sphere of ecological security and environmental management, the forces of national security together with civil society institutions create the conditions for the introduction of ecologically safe production; the search for promising energy sources; the creation and implementation of a state program for the establishment of strategic reserves of mineral and raw material resources sufficient to supply Russia’s mobilization requirements; and the guaranteed provision of water and biological resources to meet the needs of the population and the economy.