Cilicia, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6
circumcision, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1
Constantine, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 7.2; founding of Constantinople, 3.4, 3.5; conversion to Christianity, 3.6, 3.7, 6.1; summons Nicaean Council (325), 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 7.3
Constantinople: founding of, 3.1; expansion of, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4; treasures/trophies/statuary in, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 4.1; architecture and topography, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17, 4.2, 7.1; relations with Rome, 3.18; Senate House, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22; the Palladium and, 3.23, 3.24, 3.25, 3.26, 4.3, 7.2; fall of Rome and, 3.27; Kavad’s embassies to, 3.28, 3.29; map of, 3.30; as cockpit of global affairs, 3.31, 3.32; imperial palace, 3.33, 3.34, 3.35, 3.36; civilian nature of supreme power, 3.37; power of the written word and, 3.38; Hippodrome, 3.39, 3.40, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 7.3; revolt (14 January 532), 3.41, 3.42, 5.5; rebuilt as Christian capital, 3.43; fortifications at, 3.44, 7.4; Christian Church and, 3.45, 3.46, 3.47, 3.48, 4.4; Church of Hagia Sophia (537), 3.49, 4.5, 4.6, 5.6, 6.1, 7.5; Syrian ascetics and, 4.7; Christian relics at, 4.8, 4.9; as Christian capital of the world, 4.10; fears of pagan-Jewish alliance, 4.11; Ostrogoths and, 5.7; plague epidemic (542), 5.8; earthquake (557), 5.9; threatened by barbarian army (559), 5.10; Phocas marches on (602), 5.11; Theodore predicts End Days, 5.12; advance on by Shahrbaraz (626), 5.13; Byzantine navy, 5.14; Persians and Avars repulsed, 5.15, 5.16; expurgation of paganism under Maurice, 6.2; besieged by Mu’awiya (674-8), 6.3; Mu’awiya’s ambition to take, 7.6; fate of as future of the world, 7.7; Arab advance on (716-7), 7.8; contraction of, 7.9; siege of (717), 7.10; see also Roman Empire, New (Constantinople)
“Constitution of Medina”, 6.1, 6.2
Ctesiphon (capital city of Persian Empire), 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 5.2, bm1.1; falls to the Saracens, 6.1
Cyril (bishop of Jerusalem)
Cyrus (King of Persia), 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1
Dahag (demon king), 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 4.1
Damascus, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, bm1.1
Daniel, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 6.1; fourth beast of, 3.4, 5.2, 5.3, 6.2, bm1.1
Dara, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 5.2
Darwin, Charles, 1.1, 1.2
David, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 6.1
Dead Sea, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1
“Dead Sea Scrolls”
Decius (Roman emperor), 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6
demons, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3; Muhammad and, 1.3, 6.1; Dahag (demon king), 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 4.1; Kayanid kings and, 2.7, 2.8; Zoroastrians and, 2.9, 2.10, 2.11; Jewish scripture and, 2.12; Pagan Rome and, 2.13, 3.2, 3.3, 4.2; Christian Rome and, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 6.2; asceticism and, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9; Arab desert spirits, 4.10, 5.1, 5.2, 6.3, 6.4; Justinian’s “diabolic nature”, 5.3
Dioscorus (Alexandrian patriarch)
Dushara (pagan god), 4.1, 5.1, 6.1
earthly life/mortal affairs, 1.1; divine providence, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4; theory of evolution and, 1.5, 1.6; debates over divine manifestation and, 1.7, 1.8; Jesus’ views on, 1.9; poverty, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1; social justice, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 5.3, 7.2; pre-Islamic immorality, 1.16; effects of Persian civil war, 2.1; Mazdak and, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5; fall of empires, 2.6; Christian Church as “welfare state”, 3.1; pillar climbers as tourist attractions, 4.1; tourist boom in Holy Land, 4.2, 4.3; Syrian prosperity, 5.4; public welfare, 5.5; plague epidemics, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11, 5.12
Ebionites, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1
Eden, Garden of, 2.1, 2.2
Edessa (“the Blessed City”), 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1; fall of to Khusrow II (610), 5.2; Mu’awiya and, 7.1
Egypt, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 5.1; enslavement of tribes of Israel, 4.1; Alexandria, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2; Monophysites (Copts) in, 5.4, 5.5, 6.3; plague epidemic (541-2), 5.6; annexed by Khusrow II, 5.7; Roman loss of to Arabs, 6.4; Arabs enter (639), 6.5; in Islamic Empire, 6.6, 6.7
End Days, 6.1, 6.2, bm1.1; Zoroastrians and, 2.1, 5.1, 5.2; harbingers of (mid-sixth century), 5.3; Constantinople and, 5.4; in Qur’an, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6; ibn al-Zubayr and, 7.1; Dome of the Rock and, 7.2; fate of Constantinople and, 7.3, 7.4
Ephesus, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1
Epiphanius, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 6.2
Ethiopia, 1.1, 1.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1
Eudocia (empress of Theodosius II)
Eusebius, The History of the Church, epi.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
evolution, theory of, 1.1, 1.2
Fredegar (chronicler)
Gabriel, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6
Galilee, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1
Gaul, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
Gibbon, Edward, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
Gibraltar
Gnostics, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2
Gog and Magog, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2
Goths, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 5.1; Visigoths, 1.1, 5.2, 7.1, 7.2; Christianity and, 3.5, 5.3, 6.1; Ostrogoths, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.2
Greeks, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 6.1; mythology, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 4.2, 6.2; Athens, 3.7, 4.3, 4.4
Gurgan Plain, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 7.1
hadiths (quotations of the Prophet), 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 5.1*, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, bm1.1; as basis of Sunna, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6; authentication of, 1.7, 1.8, 7.2; “isnads” (chains of informants), 1.9, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 7.3; doubts over authenticity, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18; fakes, 1.19, 1.20, 1.21; Medina as necessary origin, 7.4; jihad concept, 7.5
Hagar (Abraham’s concubine), 4.1, 6.1, 6.2
Haroun al-Rashid, bm1.1, bm1.2
Harran (Mesopotamian city), 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2
Hebron