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CHAPTER ONE
THE LAND OF THE CYRENES
The peculiar geographical characteristic of Cyrenaica is its relative isolation from other centres of ancient culture: it is in effect a desert oasis cut off on the east and south by desert tracts, and on the north and west, by the sea.[2] The country differs geologically from the surrounding areas, resembling as it does mainland Greece in its landscape and character. Because of its geographical situation, Cyrene’s entry into the sphere of ancient culture depended on the development of sea-routes, yet even this development did not lead immediately to settlement, since the Phoenicians, did not lead immediately to settlement, since the Phoenicians, for example, in their quest for lands with abundant natural resources, Greeks reached Libya comparatively late in their period of overseas colonization, evidently on account of population growth in their home-country, and settled Cyrene because the coasts to east and west had been long occupied by other peoples, or were hardly worth settling. Unlike the Phoenicians, the Greeks settled in their new country primarily to earn their living by agriculture, and turned to commerce only subsequently.[3]
2
On the geography of Cyrenaica, G. Narducci,
3
Cf. E. Kirsten,