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Cybele, Temple of (Athens) 195n.

Cyclades 126

Cynics 245, 24511n.

Cynips 45

Cypress 77

Cyprus 15, 25, 29, 62, 127, 258-9, 260, 265, 267, 269, 297-9, 305, 319, 322, 326, 331, 335, 335n., 336, 338, 338n., 342

Cyrene

— Foundation 9-12

— Monarchy 8-52

— Second immigration 15-17

— Reform of monarchy 18-19

— Civil strife and Persian suzerainty 26

— Fall of monarchy 32

— Democratic constitution 35-39

— Civil war and Ptolemaic intervention 48-52

— Ptolemaic rule 52-63

— Roman rule 63-73

— Population 100, 101

— Name 12

— Jews in 175-190

— Buildings

— — Acropolis 12, 13n., 15, 41, 49, 71, 235, 273, 278

— — Agora 13, 15, 25, 28, 32, 33, 41, 194, 235, 273, 278-80

— — Apollo, Sanctuary of 15, 42, 47, 48, 272, 276, 338

— — — Spring of 12, 277

— — Aqua Augusta 71

— — Augusteum 279

— — Baths 273-4, 277, 281

— — Battus’ tomb 32, 241

— — Caesareum 71, 280, 281-3, 291

— — Colonnade of Hermes and Hercules 281

— — Gymnasia 280, 282, 293n.

— — Hesychius, House of 281

— — Jason Magnus, house of 277, 280, 281

— — Naval monument 338n.

— — Nomophylakeion 187, 280

— — Propylaea, Roman 273

— — Prytaneum 279 Revolt damage 269-85

— — Strategeion 40, 41n., 71

— — Tabularium 187n.

— — Tetrastyle monument 279

— — Theatre (Sanctuary) 42, 278

— — Zeus, image of 284

— — — Soter, portico 71 Temples

— — Apollo 12, 14, 16, 28, 29, 31, 41, 42, 109n., 128, 173n., 274-6

— — — (Agora) 41,42,87

— — — Ktistes 277

— — Apollo Nymphagetes 275

— — Artemis 12, 15, 17, 28, 127, 274-6

— — Athena 68

— — Capitol, alleged 279-80

— — Demeter 68

— — Dionysus 283

— — Dioscuri 273-4

— — Hadrian and Antoninus Pius 279-80

— — Hecate 273-4

— — Hermes 280-1

— — Isis 275

— — Opheles 32, 41, 279

— — Persephone 68

— — Plutos 273-4

— Temples E5, E6, 279

— — Zeus 15, 25, 42, 47, 130, 273-6, 283-5, 335

— — Nymph 13

Dab’ah, el 197n., 290-1

Dacia 341

Dacian War 262

Dehliyeh Oasis 229n., 315

Damascus 153, 261

Danube 231

Darius son of Hystaspes 26, 27, 85

Dates, date palm 6, 129

Darom 233, 323, 326-7

David 305

Dead Sea 233

Decapitation of dead 154, 154n.

Decebalus 341

Dediticii 242

Delos 89, 90, 90n., 167

Delphi 9, 10, 15, 22, 26, 29, 30, 3 31, 36, 39, 59n., 83, 87, 116, 333

Demes 37

Demeter 90n.

Demetrias 112, 153

Demetrius the Fair 54, 56

Demiurgi, demiurgi steles 33, 39, 39n.

Democracy 33, 37, 40

Demonax of Mantinea 15, 18, 21, 23, 24, 25, 33, 37, 38, 86, 127

Demophanes 56, 59, 159

Demosthenes 89n.

Derna 5, 80, 81, 171, 271, 272

Desert in Jewish history 224-5

— prophets 258

—, Western 228

Diaspora, Jewish 246-7, 252

Didius Gallus 187n.

Didyma 112, 153

Dihiyah el-Kahina 198

Dio Cassius 247, 258-9, 265, 297, 301, 320, 332

Diocletian 2

Diodorus Siculus 31, 86, 138

Dionysius of Syracuse 46

Dionysus 124n., 205, 334

Domains, royal 61, 66, 10, 11, 112, 175, 204, 206, 328

Dominus Flevit tombs 216

Domitian 145-6, 187, 220n., 247, 248, 252, 254, 289

Domitius Ahenobarbus, L. 69

—, M. 275

Donkeys 124n., 129

Dorians 34

Dorsa, el- 101

Dositheos 142

Driana 198, 270

Dry farming 93

Dumeh, e- 318n.

Dura Europos 161, 262n., 300, 313, 320

Dyaleis 117

Eaton, Captain William 338

Eastern Cyrenaica 290

Ecdelos 56, 59, 189

Edessa 319, 321n.

Edfu, Tel 156, 268

Economy of Cyrene 32, 74 sqq., 128

Egypt 2, 16, 17, 22, 26, 27, 28, 31, 34, 43, 53, 54, 55, 58, 60, 92, 93, 97, 104, 105, 112, 113, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 125, 127, 131, 132, 136, 137, 138, 139, 143, 147, 148, 152-3, 170, 192, 195, 206, 215, 228, 235, 244, 251, 257, 258, 265-6, 268, 271-2, 290, 294-6, 303, 306, 310-n, 314, 317n., 322, 326, 329, 330n, 332, 333, 336-7, 339, 339n., 340, 342

Egyptian prophet 221, 257

‛Ein Geddi 325

— Mara 5, 80, 81, 199-200

— Shahat 199

— Targhuna 5, 80, 110, 170-4, 197, 199, 236

Ekklesterion 167

Elazaros son of Jason 178, 186, I go, 219

Elea’zar = Aladdeir 197

— son of Simon 249

— ben ‛Azariah, R. 302

— ben Yair 258-9

Eli’ezer ben Harsum 324

— ben Hyrcanus, R. 302

Eleusis 89, 165

Eleutheropolis (Beth Govrin) 327

Elis 37, 39, 89, 116, 293n.

Elyashiv 130

Emporia 43

Eopliren 228

Ephebes 167, 178, 185

Ephesus 162, 185, 262

Ephors 39, 189, 242

Ephraim 325

Epictetus 247, 256, 256n.

Eratosthenes 123

Eretz Yisrael 151, 235, 263, 265, 300-308, 329, 335, 336, 340

Erosion of soil 76-7

Erotes 235

Eryxo 17

Essenes 256, 256n.

Estates, large 109

Euesperitae, (Euesperides-Bengazi) 8, 27, 29, 30, 33, 34, 35, 40, 46, 47, 47n., 60, 63, 85, 93, 111n.

Eugammon 8

Euphrantas Purgos 57

Euphrates 263, 321, 322

Eupolemos son of Johanan 140

Eusebius 196, 259, 265, 266-7, 295, 296, 315, 316-7, 320, 328, 332, 336

Eutychius ibn Batrik 258, 301

Evelthon 25

Exodus 228, 249, 322

Export ro8, 121, 128

Ezekiel 228

Ezra, Second Book of 252-3

Farafa Oasis 315

Fayyidiyeh, el- 80, 81, 171, 199-200, 200n.

Fayyum ri8, 296

Fezzan 44-5, 68

Figs 85

Fiscus ludaicus 242

Flavia Neapolis 262

Flaviopolis 230

Flavius, governor of Cyrene 185

— Clemens 247

— Macer, T. 339

Flora 6

Fodder 92

Forest 6, 77, 78, 107

France 231

Fruit-trees 92

Gabinius, Aulus 318n.

Gaius Caligula 178, 243

Gaetuli 69, 174

Galilee 257, 260, 324, 325

Gamliel, Rabban 216n., 249n., 303

— III, Rabban 343

Ganymede 235

Garamantes 45, 68, 79

Garlic 118, 125

Gasr Belgara 172n.

— Bint el-Yahud 199

— e-Dash 229n.

— e-Zayyin 229n.

— Ibn Igdem 171, 199

— Madjad 48

— Nuara 171n.

— Targhuna 212

— Zifrin 57,130

Gaul 235, 341

Gaza 261

Géminés 5, 80, 81

Genius of the emperor 191

Geology 4, 74-5

Gerasa 235, 239, 243n., 307, 308

Gerdes, el- 81, 94

Germa 46n.

Germanicus 189

Germans 341

Germany 310

Gharib, el 171

Gilgammae 16

Golan 321, 323

Gold 45, 127

Golgoi 298-9

Gortyn 14

Grain 20, 62, 78, 85, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 97, 102, 107, 108, 120, 122, 125, 128, 129, 206, 244n., 306, 330, 340

Grain yields 99-100

Great Mother 239