19. Atkins f. A Voyage to Guinea, Brasil, and the West Indies: In His Majesty’s Ships, the Swallow and Weymouth. London, 1735; rpt. London: Frank Cass, 1970. P. 41–42, 71–73.
20. TSTD, #16303.
21. Testimony of Henry Ellison, 1790 // HCSP, 73:376. Cm.: TSTD, #17707.
22. Testimony of Thomas Trotter, 1790 // HCSP, 73:83, 88, 92; Testimony of Clement Noble, 1790 // Ibid. P. 114–115. Троттер отметил в своем исследовании «Observations on the Scurvy, with a Review of the Theories lately advanced on that Disease; and the Theories of Dr. Milman refuted from Practice» (London, 1785; Philadelphia, 1793) 23, что на корабле были в основном две народности — фанти и «динга» (т. е. чамба). При этом фанти жили на побережье и поэтому лучше говорили по-английски, чем люди чамба.
23. Three Years Adventures. Р. 80–81, 108–112.
24. TSTD, #81890.
25. Robinson S. A Sailor Boy’s Experience Aboard a Slave Ship in the Beginning of the Present Century. Orig. publ. Hamilton, Scotland: William Naismith, 1867; rpt. Wigtown, Scotland: G. C. Book Publishers Ltd., 1996; TSTD, #88216 (Lady Neilson or Nelson), #80928 (Crescent).
26. Captain Charles Johnson // General History of the Pyrates, ed. Manuel Schonhorn. London, 1724, 1728; rpt. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1972. P. 194–287; TSTD, #76602; Norris R. Memoirs of the Reign of Bossa Ahadee, King of Dahomy an Inland Country of Guiney, to which are added the Author’s Journey to Abomey, the Capital, and a Short Account of the African Slave Trade. Orig. publ. London, 1789; rpt. London: Frank Cass and Company Limited, 1968. Р. 67–68. О предпосылках появления пиратов поколения Робертса см.: Rediker M. Villains of All Nations: Atlantic Pirates in the Golden Age. Boston: Beacon Press, 2004.
27. Owen N. Journal of a Slave-Dealer: A View of Some Remarkable Axedents in the Life of Nics. Owen on the Coast of Africa and America from the Year 1746 to the Year 1781, ed. Eveline Martin. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1930. Об одном его плавании свидетельствовал капитан Вильям; TSTD, #36152.
28. Captain William Snelgrave // A New Account of Some Parts of Guinea and the Slave Trade. London, 1734; rpt. London: Frank Cass & Co., Ltd., 1971, introduction; TSTD, #25657.
29. Interview of Henry Ellison // Substance. P. 224–225; TSTD, #17686.
30. Testimony of James Fraser, 1790 // HCSP, 71:5–58; Testimony of Alexander Falconbridge, 1790 // HCSP, 72:293–344. The quote by Burges is in: Clarkson T. History. Vol. 1. P. 318.
31. В ранних плаваниях Фрейзер не мог сохранить экипаж из одних и тех же членов команды от одного рейса к другому, но к концу 1780-х гг. две трети моряков, необычайное число, нанялись к нему снова после предыдущего рейса. A Muster Roll for the Ship Alexander, James Fraser Master from Bristol to Africa and America. P. 1777–1778; A Muster Roll for the Ship Valiant, James Fraser Master from Africa and Jamaica. P. 1777–1778; A Muster Roll for the Ship Tartar, James Fraser Master from Bristol to Africa and America. P. 1780–1781; A Muster Roll for the Ship Emilia, James Fraser Master from Dominica. P. 1783–1784; A Muster Roll for the Ship Emilia, James Fraser Master from Jamaica. P. 1784–1785; A Muster Roll for the Ship Emilia, James Fraser Master from Jamaica. P. 1785–1786; A Muster Roll for the Ship Emilia, James Fraser Master from Africa. P. 1786–1787; A Muster Roll for the Ship Emilia, James Fraser Master from Africa. P. 1787–1788; Muster Rolls, 1754–1794. Vol. 8–9, Society of Merchant Venturers Archives, Bristol Record Office; TSTD, #17888, #17895, #17902, #17920, #17933, #17952, #17967, #17990.
32. Anonymous. A Short Account of the African Slave Trade, Collected from Local Knowledge. Liverpool, 1788; Norris R. Memoirs of the Reign of Bossa Ahddee, v; Testimony of Robert Norris, 1788 // HCSP, 68:3–19; Testimony of Robert Norris, 1790 // HCSP, 69:118–120, 202–203; The Log of the Unity, 1769–1771 // Earle Family Papers, D/ EARLE/1/4, МММ; TSTD, #91567.
33. List of the Slaves that Dyed on Board the Katharine Galley, John Dagge Commander, 1728, Trading Accounts and Personal Papers of Humphry Morice. Vol. 5; Humphry Morice to William Clinch, September 13, 1722, M7/7; Humphry Morice to Captain William Boyle, May 11, 1724, M7/10. Humphry Morice Papers, Bank of England Archives, London; TSTD, #76558.
В этой главе я в долгу перед авторами: Rawley J. A. Humphry Morice: Foremost London Slave Merchant of his Time // London: Metropolis of the Slave Trade. Columbia and London: University of Missouri Press, 2003. P. 40–56. См. также: Humphry Morice // Dictionary of National Biography, ed. Sidney Lee. London: Oxford University Press, 1921–22. P. 13:941.
34. Basnett, Miller, and Mill to Humphry Morice, Kingston, November 9, 1722, f. 29–30, Correspondence of Humphry Morice, Miscellaneous Letters and Papers, Add. Ms. 48590B, BL.
35. Henry Laurens to Hinson Todd, April 14, 1769 // G. C. Rogers, D. R. Chesnutt, P. J. Clark, eds. The Papers of Henry Laurens. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1978. Vol. 6. P. 43 8 (first quotation).
См.также: Vol. 1. P. 259 (second quotation). Это исследование опирается на работы: Rawley J. A. Henry Laurens and the Atlantic Slave Trade // London: Metropolis of the Slave Trade. P. 82–97, и Taylor C. J., ed. Laurens, Henry // American National Biography Online. February 2000. http://www.anb.org/articles/01/01-00495.btml.
См. также: Littlefield D. C. Rice and Slaves: Ethnicity and the Slave Trade in Colonial South Carolina. Champaign-Urbana, 111: University of Illinois Pre^s, 1981; McMillan f.A. The Final Victims: Foreign Slave Trade to North America, 1783–1810. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2004.
36. Из 1382 рабовладельческих рейсов, которые доставили 264 536 рабов в американские колонии / Соединенные Штаты между 1701 и 1810 гг., 761 кораблей доставили 151 647 человек в порты Каролины, подавляющее большинство из них в Чарльстон. Эти цифры представляют собой 55 % рейсов и 57 % выгруженных рабов. Расчеты на основе TSTD.
37. Об акулах на реке Гамбия см.: Park М. Travels into the Interior of Africa, Performed Under the Direction and Patronage of the African Association, in the Years 1795, 1796, and 1797, ed. Kate Ferguson Marsters. Orig. publ. 1799; rpt. Durham, N.C., and London: Duke University Press, 2000. P. 28; в Сьерра-Леоне см.: Matthews J. A Voyage to the River Sierra Leone, on the Coast of Africa, containing an Account of the Trade and Productions of the Country, and of the Civil and Religious Customs and Manners of the People; in a Series of Letters to a Friend in England. London: B. White and Son, 1788. P. 50; на реке Бонни см.: Falconbridge A. An Account of the Slave Trade on the Coast of Africa. London, 1788. P. 51–52, 67; о крокодилах на реке Конго см.: A Battle Between a Tiger and an Alligator; Or, wonderful instance of Providential Preservation, described in a letter from the Captain of the Davenport Guineaman // Connecticut Herald. 1808. June 28.