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Nelson, Kristina. The Art of Reciting the Qurʾan. Cairo/New York: American University in Cairo Press, 2001.

Nīsābūrī, al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥabīb al-. ʿUqalāʾ al-majānīn, edited by Fāris al-Kīlānī. Cairo: al-Maṭbaʿah al-ʿArabiyyah, 1924.

Patel, Abdulrazzak. The Arab Nahdah: The Making of the Intellectual and Humanist Movement. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013.

Peled, Mattityahu. “The Enumerative Style in ‘Al-Sāq ʿalā al-sāq’.” Journal of Arabic Literature, 22, no. 2 (Sep. 1991): 127–45.

Qāmūs see Fīrūzābādhī al-.

Rastegar, Kamran. Literary Modernity between the Middle East and Europe: Textual transactions in nineteenth-century Arabic, English, and Persian literatures. London and New York: Routledge, 2007.

Roget, Peter Mark. Roget’s International Thesaurus, 4th edition, revised by Robert L. Chapman. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1977.

Roper, Geoffrey. “Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq and the libraries of Europe and the Ottoman Empire.” In Libraries and Culture, 33, no. 3 (1998): 233–48.

——. “Faris al-Shidyaq (d. 1887) and the transition from scribal to print culture.” In The Book in the Islamic World, edited by G.N. Atiyeh, 209–32. Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1995.

——. “Fāris al-Shidyāq as translator and editor.” In A Life in Praise of Words: Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq and the nineteenth century, edited by Nadia al-Baghdadi, Fawwaz Traboulsi, and Barbara Winkler. Wiesbaden: Reichert (Litkon 37) (forthcoming).

Rosenthal, Franz. Humor in Early Islam. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2011.

Rowson, Everett. “The Effeminates of Early Medina.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 111 (1991): 671–93.

Sale, George. The Koran: Commonly called the Alcoran of Mohammed. London: William Tegg, 1850.

Sayyid (al-) al-Raḍī. Dīwān. Baghdad (?): Maṭbaʿat Nukhbat al-Akhyār, 1306/1888–89.

Sharīf (al-) al-Raḍī, Muḥammad ibn Abū Ṭāhir al-Ḥusayn ibn Mūsā see al-Sayyid al-Raḍī.

Shidyāq (al-), Aḥmad Fāris al-. Kitāb al-jāsūs ʿalā l-qāmūs. 2nd edition. Constantinople: Maṭbaʿat al-Jawāʾib, 1299 [1860-61]; reprinted, Beirut: al-Muʾassasah al-ʿArabiyyah li-l-Dirāsāt wa-l-Nashr, 2004.

——. Kitāb sirr al-layāl fī l-qalb wa-l-ibdāl. Al-Āsitānah [Istanbul]: al-Maṭbaʿah al-ʿĀmirah al-Sulṭāniyyah, 1284 [1867].

[Shidyāq (al-)], Aḥmad Fāris Afandī. Al-Wāsiṭah fī maʿrifat aḥwāl Māliṭah. 2nd revised edition (in the same volume: Kashf al-mukhabbā ʿan funūn Urubbā). Constantinople: Maṭbaʿat al-Jawāʿib, 1299/1881.

Spiro, Socrates. An Arabic-English Vocabulary of the Colloquial Arabic of Egypt. Cairo: al-Mokattam Printing Office, 1895. [Offset with title changed to An Arabic-English Dictionary etc., Beirut: Librairie du Liban, 1973.]

Starkey, Paul. “Fact and Fiction in al-Sāq ʿalā l-Sāq.” In Writing the Self: Autobiographical Writing in Modern Arabic Literature, edited by Robin Ostle, Ed de Moor and Stephan Wild, 30–38. London: Saqi Books, 1998.

Sterne, Laurence. The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman. Mineola: Dover Publications, 2007.

Stewart, Devin. “The Maqāma.” In Arabic Literature in the Post-Classical Period (The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature, Vol. 6.), edited by Roger Allen and D. S. Richards, 145–58. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

Ṣulḥ (al-), ʿImād. Iʿtirāfāt al-Shidyāq fī kitāb al-Sāq ʿalā l-sāq. Dār al-Rāʾid al-ʿArabī: Beirut, 1982.

Täckholm, Vivi. A Students’ Flora of Egypt. Beirut: Cooperative Printing Co., 1974.

Tāj see Zabīdī (al-).

Tūnusī, Muhammad ibn ʿUmar al-. Tashḥīdh al-adhhān bi-sīrat bilād al-ʿArab wa-l-Sūdān, edited by Khalīl Maḥmūd ʿAsākir and Muṣṭafā Muḥammad Musʿad. Cairo: al-Muʾassasah al-Miṣriyyah al-ʿĀmmah li-l-Taʾlīf wa-l-Anbāʾ wa-l-Nashr, 1965.

Van Gelder, Geert Jan. Classical Arabic Literature: A Library of Arabic Literature Anthology. New York: New York University Press, 2013.

Watt, W. M. Bell’s Introduction to the Qurʾān. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1970.

Woodruff, Samuel. Journal of a Tour to Malta… in 1828. Hartford: Cooke & Co., 1831.

Wright, W. A. Grammar of the Arabic Language. 3rd edition, revised by W. Robertson Smith and M. J. de Goeje. 2 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1951.

Zabīdī (al-), al-Sayyid Abū l-Fayḍ Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Murtaḍā. Tāj al-ʿarūs min jawāhir al-qāmūs. Accessed at http://www.shamela.ws.

Zakharia, Katia. “Aḥmad Fāris al-Šidyāq, auteur de ‘Maqāmāt’.” Arabica, T. 52, Fasc. 4 (Oct. 2005): 496–521.

FURTHER READING

ʿAbbūd, Mārūn. “ʿĀlim an-nahḍah al-ḥadīth: Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq 1804–1887.” Al-kitab 2 (1946): 587–606.

——. Ṣaqr Lubnān, baḥth fī l-nahḍah al-ʿarabiyyah al-ḥadīthah wa-rajuliha al-

awwal Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq. Beirut: Dar al-Makshūf, 1950.

Agius, Dionysius. “Arabic under Shidyaq in Malta 1833–1848.” Journal of Maltese Studies 19–20 (1989–90): 52–57.

ʿAkkāwī, Riḥāb. Al-Fāryāq, Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr al-ʿArabī, 2003.

Alwan, Mohammed. “The History and Publications of Al-Jawa’ib Press.” MELA Notes 11 (1977), pp. 4–7.

Āṣāf, Yūsuf. Huwa l-bāqī. Cairo: Maṭbaʿat al-Qāhirah al-Ḥurrah, 1305/1885.

ʿĀshūr, Raḍwā. Al-ḥadāthah al-mumkinah, al-Shidyāq wa-l-sāq ʿalā l-sāq, al-riwāyah al-ūlā fī-l-adab al-ʿarabī al-ḥadīth. Cairo, Dār al-Shurūq, 2009.

Abu-Lughod, Ibrahim. The Arab Rediscovery of Europe: A Study in Cultural Encounters. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1963.

Al-Bagdadi, Nadia. “The Cultural Function of Fiction: From the Bible to Libertine Literature: Historical Criticism and Social Critique in Aḥmad Fāris al-Šidyāq.” Arabica, T. 46, Fasc. 3 (1999): 375–401.

Arberry, A. J. “Fresh Light on Ahmad Faris al-Shidyaq.” Islamic Culture 26 (1952): 155–68.

Bayham, Muḥammad Jamāl. “Aʿlām al-lughah: Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq.” Al-lisān al-ʿarabī (Rabāṭ), 8/1, January 1975.

Bustānī, Fuʾad Ifrām al-. “Fī l-Nahḍah al-adabiyyah: Nāṣif al-Yāzijī wa-Fāris al-Shidyāq.” Al-mashriq 34, 1936: 443–47.

Cachia, Pierre. “An Arab’s View of XIXth Century Malta: Shidyaq’s ‘Al-Wasitah fi ma`rifat ahwal Malitah.’” Maltese Folklore Review 1 (1962–66), pp. 62–69, 110–16, and 232–43.

——. “The Development of a Modern Prose Style in Arabic Literature.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 52, No. 1 (1989): 65–76.

Cassar, Francis Xavier, trans. Al-Wāsiṭah fī maʿrifat aḥwāl Mālitā. El-Wasita. Tagħrif dwar Malta tas-Seklu 19. Paola: Centru Kulturali Islamiku F’Malta, 1988.