235, 239-42, 244; marriage, 229, 240; on toleration, 229; empiricism, 232, 238; and individualism, 236-7, 239; on effects of democracy, 24o-i, 243, 25in; reputation and influence, 247-8, 2 50; values intellect and ideas, 247-8; attitude to religion, 249-50; on social impediments to liberty, 256; and self- determination, 261; On Liberty, 218-19,
246-7
Miller, David, 357, 361 Milton, John, 233 Momigliano, Arnaldo, 357 monism, 4, 216
Montaigne, Michel Eyquem, seigneur de, 62, 76
Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat, baron de: opposes tyranny, 53; historical interpretations, 158; on political liberty, 193; belief m variety, 238, 290; humanism, 243 Moore, George Edward, 306 morality: judgements, 4, 21-5, 110, 118, 126, 1 36, 139; scientific explanations of, 129; and responsibility, 1 31; in history, 163-5; and human choice, 337 Morris, William, 245 Moses, 316
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus: The Magic
Flute, zoo Muhammad the Prophet, 1 1 5
Muller, Herbert Joseph, 300n
Mussolini, Benito, i 64n
'My Intellectual Path' (IB), xxv, xxviii-xxix
Nagel, Ernest, 8, io n, 28, 30, 353 Nagel, Thomas, 4n, 358, 359 Namier, Lewis Bernstein, 121 Napoleon I (Bonaparte), Emperor of France, ^ 159, 163, 197, 347 nationalism: compatibility with
internationalism, 65; fanaticism, 88; dangers of, 347; see also romantic nationalism natural sciences: and search for causes, i 7; as model for political theory, 67; and attaining truth, 75; Comte on, 95; history as, 95--6, 108-9, 126; neutrality of view in, 141-2; generalisations in, 143, i44n; and unification theories, 1 56; nature and methods of, 165; and determinism, 322 Nazism, 339 Neoplatonism, I 58 New Deal (USA), 84, 91 New York Review of Books, xxvin, xxviii,
Newman, John Henry, Cardinal, 247 Newton, Isaac, 108, 142, 287 Nicholls, David, 4m, 356 Nietzsche, Friedrich: and social struggle, 64; irrationalism, 66; elitism, 73; and cosmic force, 1 13; opposes Victorian claustrophobia, 243; defiance, 338 Nikias, 33, 300
'Notes on Prejudice' (IB), xxx, 352 Nowell-Smith, Patrick Horace, ii6n, 261
Oakeshott, Michael, 350 obedience, 75, 168, 183, 195-8, 327-8 'objective reason', 196 objectivity, 147-9 Occam, William, 175, 176n Oenamaus, 26on
'On the Pursuit of the Ideal' (IB), xxvi oppression, 192, 328 Ongen, 14m original sin, 128
'Originality of Machiavelli, The' (IB), xxvii
Orwell, George, 78
O'Sullivan, Noel, 3 56
Otancs, 33
Ouyang Kang, xxvii
Owen, Robert, 1 12
Oxford Companion to Philosophy (ed. Honderich), xxvi
Packe, Michael St John, 247П Paine, Thomas, I 73, 284, J21 Palmerston, Henry John Temple, 3rd
Viscount, 224 Panaetius, 3 16, 3 I 9
paradise (Garden of Eden): as original
human State, I 5 5-6, 1 92 Parekh, Bhikhu, 364 Pareto, Vilfredo, 73, 1 58, 242 Parkes, Joseph, 223n Parmenides, 3 1 5
Passmore, John Arthur, i 2, 27n, 353 Pasteur, Louis, 22, 138 paternalism, 47, 183, 203 'pedantrocratie, Ia', 2$ in Pelczynski, Zbigniew Andrzej, and John
Gray, 356 Pericles, 33, 30o-I, 3 10, 319 Peripatetics, 307 Perl, Jeffrey, xxvi-xvii Persaeus, 3 1 6 persecution, 231, 235 pessimism, I 54 Pettit, Philip, 357 Phaleas, 299 philanthropy, 87 Philip of Macedon, 310 Philo of Alexandria, 3 1 6 philosophes, 158, 198, 216, 323 Planck, Max, 287 Plant, Raymond, 357
Plato: pessimism, 78; and authoritarianism, 88; on Sophocles, 185; on harmony of values, 2 1 3; moral and political ideas,
I 5, 287-8, 296-7, 309, ji 1-12, J I 5-1 8,
2 1; on causation and moral responsibility, 260; and self- determination, 271; on social life, 294-7, 300, 309, 3 14; and Sophists, 298, 300; and Stoic doctrines, 310; and Moses,
3 I 6; and rationalism, 3 27; Apology, 296; Crito, 296; Gorgias, 299; Laws, 296; Politicus, 296; Republic, 295, 302n Platomsm, 306
Plekhanov, Georgy Valentinovich, 19, 70,
I30 .
pluralism: centrality to IB, x, xxvii, 356; and differing goals, i 5 i; and conflict of values and aims, 212-17, 358-60; Mill and, 233, 235, 238, 244 Plutarch, 309 Pohlenz, Max, 3 16, 31 8 'Political Ideas in the Romantic Age' (IB), 349 n 'Political Ideas in the Twentieth Century'
(IB), xx, 352 political theory: nature of, 168; changes in,
29o-2 Pollard, Sydney, ion
Popper, Karl Raimund, x, ioon, ioin, 265,
267, 287, jfi,jf3 Posadovsky ( pseud.) see Mandel'berg,
Viktor Evseevich Posidonius, 3 I, 276-7, 307, 316 positivism, 20, 80
power: control of, 54; and compromise,
64; see also authority Power of Ideas, The (IB), xxviii, 361 praise and blame: determinism and, 9-10, ij-i6, 122, 269, 324; effect of, 28; and historical inevitability, 115, 122, 146; and knowledge, i 3 1-2, 150; and self- determination, 263 Preen, Friedrich von, 2on prejudice, 345-7 Priam, King, 307 privacy, 176 Procrustes, 216 Prodicus, 298, J2I
progress: and human improvement, 62-4; concept of, 89; technological, 91; in ideas, 2 87-8 Proper Study of Mankind, The (IB), xxv,
xxvin, xxvii Protagoras, 298, 3 I 5 Protestantism, I 8 5 Proudhon, Pierre Joseph, 228n Proust, Marcel, 142 psychology: laws of, I 08-9 'Purpose Justifies the Ways, The' (IB),
xxiv, xxviii Pushkin, Alexander Sergeevich, 171 Putnam, Hilary, 357 Pythagoras, 3 20
quietism, 1 86n, 1 87n Quinton, Anthony Meredith, 357 Quixote, Don, 340