Abu Marwan Ghaylán, 224
Abu Ma‘shar, 361
Abu Mihjan (poet), 127
Abu Mikhnaf, 210
Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari, 192, 377
Abu Muslim, 220, 251-252, 375
Abu Nasr al-Isma‘ili, 339
Abu Nasr al-Sarraj, 393
Abu Nu‘aym al-Isfahani, 338
Abu Nuwas (poet), 261, 277, 286, 290, 291, 292-296, 303, 308, 345, 375
Abu Qabus, kunyaof -Nu’man III, 45
Abu ’l-Qasim Ahmad. See -Mustansir
Abu ’l-Qasim Muhammad, the Cadi, 421
Abu ’l-Qasim b. -Muzaffar, 312
Abu ’l-Qasim al-Zahrawi, 420
Abu Qays b. Abi Anas, 170
Abu Qurra, 221
Abu Sa’id b. Abi ’l-Khayr, 391, 394
Abu Salama, 257
Abu Salih Mansur b. Ishaq (Samanid), 265
Abu ’l-Salt b. Abi Rabi’a, 69
Abu Shaduf, 450
Abu Shamir the Younger, 50
Abu Shamir, kunyaof -Harith b. ’Amr Muharriq, 50
Abu Shuja’ Buwayh, 266
Abu Sufyan, 124, 175, 195
Abu Sulayman al-Darani, 384, 386, 388
Abu Sulayman Muhammad b. Ma‘shar al-Bayusti, 370
Abu Talib, uncle of the Prophet, 146, 148, 154, 157, 183, 250
Abu Talib al-Makki, 338, 393
Abu Tammam, author of the Hamasa, 79, 129-130, 288, 316, 324, 331. See -Hamasa
Abu ’Ubayda (philologist), 94, 242, 261, 280, 343, 344, 345, 459
Abu ‘Ubayda b. al-Jarrah, 51
Abu ’l-Walid al-Baji, 428
Abu Yazid al-Bistami, 391. See Bayazid of Bistam
Abu Yusuf, the Cadi, 283
Abu Zayd of Saruj, 330, 331, 332, 335
Abu Zayd Muhammad al-Qurashi, 130
Abusir, 326
Abyssinia, 53, 155, 156
Abyssinians, the, xxi; in -Yemen, 5, 6, 26-29; invade the Hijaz, 66-68
Academy of Junde-shapur, the, 358
Academy of Sabur, the, 267, 314
‘Ad (people), 1, 2, 3
adab, 283, 346
Adabu ’l-Katib, 346
Adam, xxvi, 62, 63, 244, 398
‘Adana (river), 15
‘Adawi dervishes, the, 393
Adharbayjan, 17
‘Adi (tribe), 233
‘Adi b. ‘Amr, 94
‘Adi al-Hakkari, 393
‘Adi b. Marina, 244
‘Adi b. Nasr, 35
‘Adi b. Zayd, 40, 45-48, 49, 138, 244
‘Adiya, 85
Adler, 316
‘Adnán, xviii, xix, xx, 64
‘Adudu ’l-Dawla (Buwayhid), 266, 307
ælius Gallus, 9
æthiopic language, the, xvi, xxi
Afghanistan, 268, 275
Africa, xv, xvi Africa, North, 53, 203, 253, 271, 274, 405, 419, 423, 424, 429, 430, 434, 437, 439, 442, 443, 468
Afshin, 375
-Afwah al-Awdi (poet), 83
-Aghani.See Kitabu ’l-Agfhani
Aghlabid dynasty, the, 264, 274, 441
Aghmat, 424
-Ahlaf, at -Hira, 38
Ahlu ’l-Kitab, 341
Ahlu ’l-Taswiya, 280. See Shu‘ubites, the
Ahlu ’l-tawhid wa-’l-‘adl, a name given to the Mu‘tazilites, 224
Ahlwardt, W., 76, 101, 125, 128,133, 136, 286, 293, 294, 304, 349, 454
Ahmad (Buwayhid), 266
Ahmad, brother of Ghazali, 339
Ahmad, father of Ibn Hazm, 426
Ahmad b. Hanbal, 284, 369, 376, 402
Ahmad al-Nahhas, 102
Ahmad b. Tulun, 354
Ahmar of Thamud, 3
Ahnum, 19
Ahqafu ’l-Raml (desert), 1
Ahsanu ’l-Taqasim fi ma‘rifati ’l-Aqalim, 357
ahwal, mystical term, 231, 391
-Ahwas (poet), 237
-Ahwaz, 271, 293
A‘isha, 151, 183
‘Aja ’ibu ’l-Maqdur, 454
-‘Ajam (the non-Arabs), 277. See -Mawali
-‘Ajjaj (poet), 138
-Ajurrumiyya, 456
Akbar (Mogul Emperor), xxx
Akhbaru ’l-Zaman, 353
-Akhtal (poet), 221, 238, 239-242, 285
akhu ’l-safa, 370
Akilu ’l-Murar (surname), 42
-A‘lam (philologist), 128
Alamut, 445
‘Ala’u ’l-Din Muhammad Khwarizmshah, 444
Albategnius, 361
Albucasis, 420
Albumaser, 361
Alchemists, the, 361, 387
Alchemy, works on, translated into Arabic, 358
Aleppo, 269, 270, 275, 291, 303, 305, 313, 360, 415, 446, 451, 460, 461
Alexander the Great, 17, 276, 358, 457
Alexandria, 340
Alexandrian Library, the, 435
Alf Layla wa-Layla, 456, 459. See Thousand Nights and a Nightand Arabian Nights
-Alfiyya, 456
Alfraganus, 361
Algeria, 430
Algiers, 468
Alhambra, the, 435
‘Ali (Buwayhid), 266
‘Ali, grandson of ‘Umar Ibnu ’l-Farid, 394
‘Ali b. Abi Talib, the Prophet's son-in-law, xxvii, xxviii, 105, 153, 181, 183, 190-193, 194, 196, 205, 207-211, 213-218, 220-222, 243, 249, 250, 251, 264, 267, 273, 274, 342, 343, 349, 377, 432, 442
‘Ali b. Abi Talib, public cursing of, 205
‘Ali b. -Mansur, Shaykh, 319
‘Ali b. Musa b. Ja‘far al-Rida, 262, 385
‘Alids, the, 258, 259, 337. See ‘Ali b. Abi Taliband Shi‘ites, the
Allah, 62, 134, 135, 164, 231, 392
Allah, the Muhammadan conception of, 225, 231
Almaqa, 18
Almeria, 421
Almohades, the, 217, 429, 431-434Almoravides, the, 423, 429-431
Alp Arslan (Seljuq), 275, 276, 340, 379
Alphabet, the South Arabic, 6, 8, 12
Alphonso VI of Castile, 422, 423, 431
‘Alqama b. ‘Abada (poet), 121, 125, 128
‘Alqama b. Dhi Jadan (poet), 12
Alvaro, Bishop of Cordova, 414
Amaj, 22
-Amali, 420. See Kitabu ’l-Amali
-Amaliq (Amalekites), 2, 3, 63
‘Amidu ’l-Mulk al-Kunduri, 379
-Amin, the Caliph, 255, 262, 293, 343
Amina, mother of the Prophet, 146
‘Amir b. Sa‘sa‘a (tribe), 119
‘Amir b. Uhaymir, 87
Amiru ’l-Mu‘minin (Commander of the Faithful), 185
Amiru ’l-Umara (title), 264
‘Amr, the Tubba‘ 25, 26
‘Amr b. ‘Adi b. Nasr, 35, 36, 37, 40
‘Amr b. Amir (tribe), 94
‘Amr b. ‘Amir Ma’ al-Sama al-Muzayqiya, 15, 16, 49
‘Amr b. -‘As, 192
‘Amr b. -Harith (Ghassanid), 50, 54, 122
‘Amr b. Hind (Lakhmite), 44, 107, 108, 109, 112
‘Amr b. Kulthum (poet), 44, 82, 102, 109-113, 128, 269
‘Amr b. Luhayy, 63, 64
‘Amr b. Ma‘dikarib, 82
‘Amr b. Mas‘ud, 43
‘Amr b. ‘Ubayd, 223, 374
‘Amr b. Zarib, 35
Amul, 350
Anas, 88
‘anatira, 459
‘Anaza (tribe), xix -Anbar, 38
-Anbari (philologist), 128
-Anbat, xxv. See Nabatæans, the
Ancient Sciences, the, 282
-Andarin, 111
Angels, the Recording, 161
Angora, 104
-Ansar (the Helpers), 171, 241
‘Antar, the Romance of, 34, 459
‘Antara (poet), 76, 109, 114-116, 128, 459
‘antari, 459
Anthologies of Arabic poetry, 128-130, 289, 325, 343, 347, 348, 417
Anthropomorphism, 369, 376, 379, 432
Antioch, 43
Anushirwan (Sasanian king). See Nushirwan
Anushirwan b. Khalid, 329
Aphrodite, 43
-‘Aqida, by ‘Izzu ’l-Din b. ‘Abd al-Salam, 461
‘Aqil, 35
Arab horses, the training of, 226
Arab singers in the first century a.h., 236
a‘rabi(Bedouin), 210