Hudhayla b. Badr, 61
Hudhayta b. al-Yaman, 142
Hudhayl (tribe), xix, 64, 98, 99, 100
Hughes, G., 80
Hujr (Kindite), 42
Hujr, father of Imru’u ’l-Qays, 104
Hulagu, xxix, 182, 444-446
Hulayl b. Hubshiyya, 64
-Hullat al-Siyara, 418
Hulton, 8
hulul(incarnation), 396, 402
Hulwan, 292
Humani, 457
-Humayma, 249
Hunayn b. Ishaq, 359
hur(houris), 167
Hurmuz (Sasanian), 47
Hurufis, the, 460
-Husayn, son of ‘Ali b. Abi Talib, 196, 197, 198, 216, 218, 243, 466
-Husayn b. Damdam, 117
-Husayn b. Mansur -Hallaj, 363, 375, 399
Husnu ’l-Muhadara, 455
-Hutay’a (poet), 127, 131, 261
Huzwa, 398
Hypocrites, the. See -Munafiqun
I
Iamblichus, 389
‘Ibad, the, of -Hira, 38, 39, 138
Ibadites (a Kharijite sect), the, 211
-‘Ibar, by -Dhahabi, 339
Ibnu ’l-Abbar, 418, 424
Ibn ‘Abdi Rabbihi, 102, 347, 420
Ibn Abi Du’ad, 376
Ibn Abi Usaybi‘a, 266, 355
Ibn Abi Ya‘qub al-Nadim, 362
Ibn Abi Zar‘, 429
Ibnu ’l-Ahmar (Nasrid), 435
Ibn ‘A’isha, 236
Ibnu ’l-‘Alqami, 445
Ibnu ’l-‘Amid, 267
Ibn ‘Ammar (poet), 422, 424
Ibnu ’l-‘Arabi. See Muhyi ’l-Din Ibnu ’l-‘Arabi
Ibnu ’l-‘Arabi, the Cadi, of Seville, 399
Ibnu ’l-A‘rabi (philologist), 128
Ibn ‘Arabshah, 454
Ibnu ’l-Athir, 203, 205, 253, 355-356, 376, 379, 420, 429
Ibn Bajja, 361, 434
Ibn Bashkuwal, 426, 434
Ibn Bassam, 422, 434
Ibnu ’l-Baytar, 434
Ibn Durayd, 253, 280, 343
Ibnu ’l-Farid. See ‘Umar Ibnu ’l-Farid
Ibn Hajar, 456
Ibnu ’l-Hanafiyya. See Muhammad Ibnu ’l-Hanafiyya
Ibn Hani (poet), 419, 420
Ibn Hawqal, 356
Ibn Hayyan, 428
Ibn Hazm, 222, 341, 402, 423-428
Ibn Hisham, 17, 22, 23, 63, 64, 69, 144, 147, 150, 151, 152, 154, 156, 158, 166, 170, 173, 175, 349
Ibn Humam, 105
Ibnu ’l-‘Idhari, 407, 428, 429
Ibn Ishaq, 69, 144, 146, 149, 156, 247, 349
Ibn Jahwar, 424
Ibnu ’l-Jawzi, 355
Ibn Jubayr, 357, 434
Ibn Kabsha, nickname of Muhammad, 166
Ibn Khalawayh, 271
Ibn Khaldun, 32, 228, 229, 277, 278, 288, 289, 350, 353, 429, 435, 437-440, 443, 452
Ibn Khallikan, 129, 132, 190, 213, 224, 234, 245, 261, 266, 267, 276, 288, 295, 308, 312, 326, 343, 344, 346, 348, 355, 357, 359, 360, 377, 378, 387, 408, 422, 425, 427, 451-452
Ibn Khaqan, 425, 434
Ibnu ’l-Khatib, the Vizier, 413, 435, 436, 437
Ibn Khidham, 105
Ibn Khurdadbih, 356
Ibn Maja, 337
Ibn Malik of Jaen, 456
Ibn Mukarram (Jamalu ’l-Din), 456
Ibn Muljam, 193
Ibnu ’l-Muqaffa‘, 330, 346, 348, 358
Ibnu ’l-Mu‘tazz (poet), 325
Ibn Nubata (man of letters), 61
Ibn Nubata, the preacher, 271, 328
Ibnu ’l-Qifti, 355, 370, 387
Ibn Qutayba, xviii, 35, 49, 50, 51, 75, 77, 105, 117, 145, 202, 223, 257, 277, 280, 286, 287, 288, 289, 293, 294, 345, 346
Ibnu ’l-Qutiyya, 420
Ibn Quzman, 417
Ibn Rashiq, 71, 288
Ibnu ’l-Rawandi, 375
Ibn Rushd, 341, 361, 432, 434
Ibn Sab‘in, 434
Ibn Sa‘d, 144, 256, 349
Ibnu ’l-Sammak, 261
Ibnu ’l-Sikkit, 343
Ibn Sina (Avicenna), 265, 266, 341, 360, 361, 393
Ibn Sirin, 244
Ibn Surayj, 236
Ibn Taymiyya, 371, 462, 463, 465, 466
Ibnu ’l-Tiqtaqa, 454
Ibn Tufayt, 361, 432, 433, 434
Ibn Tumart, 431-432
Ibnu ’l-Wahshiyya, xxv
Ibnu ’l-Wardi, 455
Ibn Zaydun (poet), 419, 424-426
Ibn Zuhr, 434
Ibrahim (Abraham), xviii, 63. See Abraham
Ibrahim (‘Alid), 258
Ibrahim b. Adham, 232
Ibrahim b. Hilal al-Sabi, 328
Ibrahim of Mosul, 261
Idol-worship at Mecca, 62-64
Idris, 264
-Idrisi (geographer), 357, 434
Idrisid dynasty, the, 264
Ihya’u Ulum al-Din, 230, 234, 338, 340
-Iji (Adudu ’l-Din), 456
ijma‘, 460
ikhlas, 164
Ikhmim, 387
-Ikhtiyarat, 128
Ikhwánu ’l-Safa, 370-372, 388
-Iklil, 6, 12, 13, 24
-ilahiyyun, 382
Iliad, the, xxii, 325, 469
Il-Khans, the, xxix, 446
Il-Makah, 11
‘ilmu ’l-hadith(Science of Apostolic Tradition), 283
‘ilmu ’l-kalam(Scholastic Theology), 283
‘ilmu ’l-nujum(Astronomy), 283
‘ilmu ’l-qira’at(Koranic Criticism), 283
‘ilmu ’l-tafsir(Koranic Exegesis), 283
‘ilq, 101
‘Imadu ’l-Dawla (Buwayhid), 266
‘Imadu ’l-Din al-Katib al-Isfahani, 348, 355
Imam (head of the religious community), 210
Imam, the Hidden, 216-217, 371; the Infallible, 220, 432
Imam-Husayn, a town near Baghdad, 466. See Karbala
-imam al-ma‘sum, 432
Imamites, the, 251
Imams, the Seven, 217, 273
Imams, the Shi‘ite, 214-220
Imams, the Twelve, 217
Imamu ’l-Haramayn, 339, 379
iman(faith), 222
Imru’u ’l-Qays (poet), 42, 84, 85, 101, 102, 103-107, 128, 136, 246, 289
India, 4, 17, 268, 341, 352, 361, 389
India, History of, by -Biruni, 361
India, the influence of, on Moslem civilisation, 361, 389, 390
India, Moslem conquests in, 203, 268
Indian religion, described by -Shahrastani, 341
Indus, the, xxiv, 203, 264
Infanticide, practised by the pagan Arabs, 149, 243
Initiation, the Isma‘ilite degrees of, 273
Inquisition ( mihna) established by -Ma’mun, 368, 369
-Insan al-Kamil, the Perfect Man, 402
Inscriptions, the Babylonian and Assyrian, xxv, 4
Inscriptions, Himyarite. See Inscriptions, South Arabic
Inscriptions, Nabatæan, xxv, 3
Inscriptions, South Arabic, xvi, xxi, xxvi, 6-11
Inspiration, views of the heathen Arabs regarding, 72, 73, 152, 165
Intellectual and Philosophical Sciences, the, 282
Ionia, the dialect of, xxiii
-‘Iqd al-Farúd, 102, 131, 347, 420
Iram, 1
-‘Iraq, 34, 38, 42, 123, 132, 142, 201, 202, 207, 208, 243, 244, 255, 262, 266, 273, 303, 350, 419, 445. See Babylonia
-Isaba fi tamyiz al-Sahaba, 456
Isabella of Castile, 441
Isaiah, 151
Isfahan, 14, 131, 268, 280, 326, 347, 355, 419
Isfandiyar, 330, 363
Ishaq b. Ibrahim al-Mawsili, 261, 362, 418
Ishaq b. Khalaf, 92
Ishmael. See Isma‘il
Isidore of Hispalis, 198
Islam, meaning of, 153; cardinal doctrines of, 163-168; formal and ascetic character of, 168, 224; derived from Christianity and Judaism, 176, 177; pagan elements in, 177; opposed to the ideals of heathendom, 177, 178; identified with the religion of Abraham, 62, 177; a world-religion, 184