Suratu ’l-Tahrim, 454
Surra-man-ra’a, 263
Surushan, 391
-Sus, 431
Suwayqa, 398
Suyut, 454
-Suyuti (Jalalu ’l-Din), 55, 71, 145, 403, 454, 455Syria, xxiv, xxvii-xxx, 3, 5, 26, 33, 35, 43, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 63, 73, 84, 123, 132, 142, 148, 170, 184, 185, 186, 191, 193, 199, 207, 215, 232, 240, 247, 255, 262, 268, 269, 271, 274, 275, 303, 304, 350, 355, 358, 382, 386, 388, 390, 405, 418, 419, 442, 443, 446, 448, 451, 461, 468
Syria, conquest of, by the Moslems, 184
T
Ta’abbata Sharr an(poet), 79, 81, 97, 107, 126
Tabala, 105
Tabaqatu 'l-Atibba, 266
Tabaqatu ’l-Sufiyya, 338
Tabaran, 339
-Tabari, 1, 27, 35, 37, 38, 41, 42, 44, 45, 48, 49, 66-68, 70, 145, 155, 156, 158, 185, 186, 187, 189, 210, 212, 215, 218, 219, 256, 258, 259, 265, 277, 349, 352, 355, 356, 373, 376
-Tabari's Annals, abridgment of, by -Bal‘ami, 265, 352
Tabaristan, 350
tabi‘iyyun, 381
-Tabi‘un (the Successors), 229
Table, the Guarded, 163
Tabriz, 461
Tacitus, 194
Tadhkiratu ’l-Awliya, by Faridu’ddin ‘Attar, 226, 228, 387
tadlis, 145
Tafsiru ’l-Jalalayn, 455
Tafsiru ’l-Qur‘an, by -Tabari, 1, 145, 351
-Taftazani, 456
Taghlib (tribe), xix, 44, 55-60, 61, 76, 93, 107, 109, 110, 112, 113, 240, 253, 269
Tahafutu ’l-Falasifa, 341
Tahir, 262, 263
Tahirid dynasty, the, 263, 265
tahrimu ’l-makasib, 297
Ta’if, 158
-Ta’iyyatu ’l-Kubra, 396, 397, 402
-Taiyyatu ’l-Sughra, 397
tajrid, 394
Talha, 190
Ta‘limites, the, 381, 382
Talisman, the, 469
Tamerlane, 437. See Timur
Tamim (tribe), xix, 125, 242, 293
Tamim al-Dari, 225
tanasukh(metempsychosis), 267
Tanukh (tribe), xviii, 34, 38
taqlid, 402
Tarafa (poet), 44, 101, 107-109, 128, 138, 308
tardiyyat, 294
Ta’rikhu ’l-Hind, 361
Ta’rikhu ’l-Hukama, 355, 370
Ta’rikhu ’l-Khamis, 445
Ta'rikhu ’l-Khulafa, 455
Ta'rikhu ’l-Rusul wa-’l-Muluk, 351
Ta'rikhu ’l-Tamaddun al-Islami, 435
Tariq, 204, 405
Tarjumanu ’l-Ashwaq, 403
Tarsus, 361
Tartary, 444
tasawwuf(Sufiism), 228
Tasm (tribe), 4, 25
tawaf, 117
tawakkut, 233
tawhid, 401
ta’wil(Interpretation), the doctrine of, 220
-tawil(metre), 75, 80
-Tawwabun (the Penitents), 218
Tayma, 84
Tayyi’ (tribe), xviii, 44, 53, 115
ta‘ziya(Passion Play), 218
Teheran, 361
Temple, the, at Jerusalem, 169, 177
Tennyson, 79
Teresa, St., 233
Testament, the Old, 161, 179
-Tha‘alibi, 267, 271, 288, 290, 303, 304, 308-312, 348
Thabit b. Jabir b. Sutyan, 81, 126. See Ta’abbata Sharr an
Thabit b. Qurra, 359
Thabit Qutna, 221
Tha‘lab, 344
Thales, 363
Thamud, x, 3, 162
thanawi, 374
Thapsus, 274
Thaqif (tribe), 69
Theodore Abucara, 221
Theologians, influence of, in the ‘Abbasid period, 247, 283, 366, 367
Thoma (St. Thomas), 46
Thomas Aquinas, 367
Thorbecke, H., 55, 90, 114, 129, 336, 459
Thousand and One Nights, the, 34, 456-459. See Arabian Nights, the
-tibb(medicine), 283
Tiberius, 194
-Tibrizi (commentator), 55, 130
Tibullus, 425
Tides, a dissertation on, 354
Tigris, the, 189, 238, 256, 446
-Tihama, 62
Tihama, the, of Mecca, 3
Tilimsan, 454
Timur, xxix, 444, 454. See Tamerlane
Timur, biography of, by Ibn ‘Arabshah, 454
tinnin, 354
-Tirimmah (poet), 138
-Tirmidhi (Abu ‘Isa Muhammad), 337
Titus, 137
Tobacco, the smoking of, prohibited, 467
Toledo, 204, 421-423
Toleration, of Moslems towards Zoroastrians, 184; towards Christians, 184, 414, 441
Torah, the, 403. See Pentateuch
Tornberg, 203, 205, 253, 355, 429
Tours, battle of, 204
Trade between India and Arabia, 4, 5
Trade, expansion of, in the ‘Abbasid period, 281
Traditional or Religious Sciences, the, 282
Traditions, the Apostolic, collections of, 144, 247, 337
Traditions of the Prophet, 143-146, 237, 277, 278, 279, 282, 337, 356, 378, 462, 463, 464, 465, 467
Trajan, xxv
Translations into Arabic, from Pehlevi, 330, 346, 348, 358; from Greek, 358, 359, 469; from Coptic, 358; from English and French, 469
Translators of scientific books into Arabic, the, 358, 359, 363
Transoxania, 203, 233, 263, 265, 266, 275, 360, 419, 444
Transoxania, conquest of, by the Moslems, 203
Tribal constitution, the, 83
Tribes, the Arab, xix, xx Tripoli, 468
Tubba‘s, the (Himyarite kings), 5, 14, 17-26, 42
Tudih, 398
tughra, 326
tughra’i(chancellor), 326
-Tughra’i (poet), 326
Tughril Beg, 264, 275
tului, 286
Tumadir, 126
Tunis, 274, 428, 437, 441
Turkey, xvi, 169, 394, 404, 448, 466
Turkey, the Sultans of, 448
Turks, the, 263, 264, 268, 325, 343. See Ottoman Turks; Seljuq Turks
Tus, 339, 340
Tuwayli‘, 398
Tuways, 236
Twenty Years After, by Dumas, 272
U
‘Ubaydu’llah, the Mahdi, 274
‘Ubaydu’llah b. Yahya, 350
‘Ubaydu’llah b. Ziyad, 196, 198
Udhayna (Odenathus), 33, 35
Uhud, battle of, 170, 175
‘Ukaz, the fair of, 101, 102, 135
-‘Ulama, 320, 367, 460, 461
Ultra-Shi‘ites, the, 258. See -Ghulat
‘Uman (province), 4, 62
‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz (Umayyad Caliph), 200, 203, 204-206, 283
‘Umar b. Abi Rabi‘a (poet), 237
‘Umar Ibnu ’l-Farid (poet), 325, 394-398, 402, 448, 462
‘Umar b. Hatsun, 410
‘Umar b. al-Khattab (Caliph), xxvii, 51, 105, 127, 142, 157, 183, 185-190, 204, 210, 214, 215, 242, 254, 268, 297, 435
‘Umar Khayyam, 339
‘Umara, 88
Umayma (name of a woman), 90, 91, 92
Umayya, ancestor of the Umayyads, 65, 146, 181, 190
Umayya b. Abi ’l-Salt (poet), 69, 149-150
Umayyad dynasty, the, xxviii, 65, 154, 181, 190, 193-206, 214, 222, 264, 273, 274, 278, 279, 282, 283, 347, 358, 366, 373, 408
Umayyad literature, 235-247
Umayyads (descendants of Umayya), the, 190, 191. See Umayyad dynasty, the
Umayyads, Moslem prejudice against the, 154, 193, 194, 197, 207