406.5. Abilities (other than mana abilities) that trigger on playing mana abilities do use the stack.
406.6. If a mana ability would produce one or more mana of an undefined type, it produces no mana instead.
Example: If you control no lands, an ability that reads “{T}: Add to your mana pool one mana of any type that a land you control could produce” will not produce any mana.
407.1. Effects can add or remove abilities of objects. An effect that adds an ability will state that the object “gains” or “has” that ability. An effect that removes an ability will state that the object “loses” that ability. If two or more effects add and remove the same ability, in general the most recent one prevails. (See rule 418.5, “Interaction of Continuous Effects.”)
407.2. An effect that sets an object’s characteristic, or simply states a quality of that object, is different from an ability granted by an effect. When an object “gains” or “has” an ability, that ability can be removed by another effect. If an effect defines a characteristic of the object (“[permanent] is [characteristic value]”), it’s not granting an ability. (See rule 405.2.)
Example: An effect reads, “Enchanted creature has ‘This creature is an artifact creature.’” This effect grants an ability to the creature that can be removed by other effects. Another effect reads, “Enchanted creature is an artifact creature.” This effect simply defines a characteristic of the creature. It doesn’t grant an ability, so effects that would cause the creature to lose its abilities wouldn’t cause the enchanted creature to stop being an artifact.
407.3. Effects that remove an ability remove all instances of it.
Example: If a creature with flying is enchanted with Flight, it has two instances of the flying ability. A single effect that reads “Target creature loses flying” will remove both.
408.1. Timing, Priority, and the Stack
408.1a Spells and activated abilities can be played only at certain times and follow a set of rules for doing so.
408.1b Spells and activated abilities are played by players (if they choose) using a system of priority, while other types of abilities and effects are automatically generated by the game rules. Each time a player would get priority, all applicable state-based effects resolve first as a single event (see rule 420, “State-Based Effects”). Then, if any new state-based effects have been generated, they resolve as a single event. This process repeats until no more applicable state-based effects are generated. Then triggered abilities are added to the stack (see rule 410, “Handling Triggered Abilities”). These steps repeat in order until no further state-based effects or triggered abilities are generated. Then the player who would have received priority does so and may play a spell or ability, take a special action (such as playing a land), or pass, as governed by the rules for that phase or step.
408.1c The active player gets priority at the beginning of most phases and steps, after any game actions are dealt with and abilities that trigger at the beginning of that phase or step go on the stack. No player gets priority during the untap step and players usually don’t get priority during the cleanup step (see rule 314.3). The player with priority may play a spell or ability, take a special action, or pass. If he or she plays a spell or ability, or takes a special action, the player again receives priority; otherwise, the next player in turn order receives priority. If all players pass in succession (that is, if all players pass without taking any actions in between passing), the top object on the stack resolves, then the active player receives priority. If the stack is empty when all players pass in succession, the phase or step ends and the next one begins.
408.1d A player may play an instant spell or an activated ability any time he or she has priority. Spells other than instants may be played during a player’s main phase, when that player has priority and the stack is empty.
408.1e When a spell is played, it goes on top of the stack. When an activated ability is played, it goes on top of the stack.
408.1f Triggered abilities can trigger at any time, including during the playing or resolution of a spell or another ability. However, nothing actually happens at the time the abilities trigger. Each time a player would receive priority, each ability that has triggered is put on the stack (if it hasn’t already been put on the stack). Then the player gets priority and may play spells or abilities. (See rule 410, “Handling Triggered Abilities.”)
408.1g Combat damage goes on the stack once it’s been assigned. For more information, see rule 310, “Combat Damage Step.”
408.1h Static abilities aren’t played-they continuously affect the game. Priority doesn’t apply to them. (See rule 405, “Static Abilities,” rule 418, “Continuous Effects,” and rule 419, “Replacement and Prevention Effects.”)
408.1i Special actions don’t use the stack. The special actions are playing a land (see rule 408.2d), turning a face-down creature face up (see rule 408.2h), ending continuous effects or stopping delayed triggered abilities (see rule 408.2i), ignoring continuous effects (see rule 408.2j), and removing a card with suspend in your hand from the game (see rule 408.2k).
408.2. Actions That Don’t Use the Stack
408.2a Effects don’t go on the stack; they’re the result of spells and abilities resolving. Effects may create delayed triggered abilities, however, and these may go on the stack when they trigger (see rule 404.4).
408.2b Static abilities continuously generate effects and don’t go on the stack.
408.2c State-based effects (see rule 420) resolve whenever a player would receive priority as long as the required game condition is true.
408.2d Playing a land is a special action consisting of putting that land into play. (See rule 212.6, “Lands.”) A player can play a land only during a main phase of his or her turn, when he or she has priority and the stack is empty. The player who played the land gets priority after this special action.
408.2e Mana abilities resolve immediately. If a mana ability produces both mana and another effect, both the mana and the other effect happen immediately. If a player had priority before a mana ability was played, that player gets priority after it resolves. (See rule 406, “Mana Abilities.”)
408.2f Characteristic-setting abilities, such as “[This object] is red,” are simply read and followed as applicable. (See also rule 405.2.)