21. Marjorie McIntosh, "The Diversity of Social Capital in English Communities, 1300–1640 (with a Glance at Modem Nigeria)," JIH 26 (1995), 471; Carol F. Karlsen, The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England (New York, 1984), 171; Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Pointes of Good Husbandrie, eds. V. Payne and Sidney J. Herrtage (London, 1878), 162; Raffaella Sarti, Europe at Home: Family and Material Culture, 1500–1800, trans. Allan Cameron (New Haven, 2002), 190–191.
22. Wilson, English Proverbs, 909; RB, III, Pt. 1,302–303; Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, A Midwife's Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard Based on Her Diary, 1785–1812 (New York, 1990), 210; Stephen Duck, The Thresher’s Labour (1736) and Mary Collier, The Woman's Labour (1739) (rpt. edn., Los Angeles, 1985), 15; Province and Court Records of Maine (Portland, Maine, 1928), 1,140; Caroline Davidson, A Woman's Work is Never Done: A History of Housework in the British Isles, 1650–1950 (London, 1982), 15.
23. Nov. 20, 1660, Pepys, Diary, 1, 297; Mary Stower, Dec. 15, 1727, Assi 45A8/15/84; ОВР, Apr. 28—May 4,1756,179; Davidson, Woman's Work, 136–152.
24. Collier, Woman's Labour, 16; Helen and Keith Kelsall, Scottish Lifestyle 300 Years Ago: New Light on Edinburgh and Border Families (Edinburgh, 1986), 97; Timothy J. Casey, ed., Jean Pauclass="underline" A Reader, trans. Erika Casey (Baltimore, 1992), 339; SAS, XIV, 320, XV, 125; Richard Harvey, "The Work and Mentalité of Lower Orders Elizabethan Women," Exemplaria 5 (1993), 418–419.
25. OBP, Dec. 3,1729, 6; "Extract of a Letter from Edinburgh, dated June 27," SJC, July 6,1769; Catherine Parker, Jan. 7,1773, Assi 45/31/1/55; OBP, Dec. 7-12,1763,2.
26. Grose, Dictionary; Tusser, Good Husbandrie, ed. Payne and Herrtage, 58; July 7,1663, Pepys, Diary, IV, 220; Ferdinando Bortarelli, The New Italian, English and French Pocket-Dictionary… (London, 1777), III; Gerald Strauss, Nuremberg in the Sixteenth Century: City Politics and Life Between Middle Ages and Modem Times (Bloomington, Ind., 1976), 192; James Clifford, "Some Aspects of London Life in the Mid-18th Century," in Paul Fritz and David Williams, eds., City & Society in the 18th Century (Toronto, 1973), 23–34; Burt, Letters, 1,25; Susan B. Hanley, "Urban Sanitation in Preindustrial Japan," JIH18 (1987), 1-26.
27. Donald Lupton, London and the Countrey Carbonadoed and Quartered into Severall Characters (1632; rpt. edn. Amsterdam, 1977), 94–96; Kathleen Elizabeth Stuart, "The Boundaries of Honor: 'Dishonorable People' in Augsburg, 1500–1800 (Ph. D. diss., Yale Univ., 1993), 171–175; Mar. 5–7,1799, Drinker, Diary, II, 1142–1143; Clifford, "London Life," 27.
28. Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year… (1722; rpt. edn., London, 1927), 223, 233, passim; James S. Amelang, A Journal of the Plague Year: The Diary of the Barcelona Tanner Miguel Parets, 1651 (New York, 1991), 82; OED, s. v. "vespillon"; F. Altieri, Dizionario Italiano ed. Inglese… (London, 1726), I; A Report of the Record Commissioners of the City of Boston, Containing the Selectmen's Minutes from 1764 to 1768 (Boston, 1889), 12; Aug. 15,20,1665, Pepys, Diary, VI, 192,199; Michael Kunze, Highroad to the Stake: A Tale ofWitchcra.fi, trans. William E. Yuill (Chicago, 1987), 163.
29. The Ecologues and Georgies of Virgil, trans. C. Day Lewis (Garden City, N. Y., 1964), 105.
30. Oct. 21,1807, Diary of Hiram Harwood (typescript), Bennington Historical Society, Bennington, Vt.; A Journal for the Years 1739–1803 by Samuel Lane of Stratham New Hampshire, ed. Charles J. Hanson (Concord, N. H., 1937), 29; "Mus Rusticus," SJC, Apr. 27, 1773; Crusius, Node, ch. 4.25; Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella, On Agriculture and Trees, trans. E. S. Forster and Edward H. Heffner (Cambridge, Mass., 1955), III, 57.
31. Nov. 4, 1777, Sanger, Journal, 165, passim; SAS, XVII, 597; July 1, 1767, Cole, Diary, 236; May 7,1665, James M. Rosenheim, ed., The Notebook of Robert Doughty, 1662–1665 (Aberystwyth, Wales, 1989), 54.
32. Aug. 27, 1691, H. J. Morehouse and C. A Hulbert, eds., Extracts from the Diary of the Rev. Robert Meeke (London, 1874), 43; Awnsham Churchill, comp., A Collection of Voyages and Travels… (London, 1746), VI, 729; Journal of James Robertson, 1767, 118, Manuscripts, National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh; William W. Hagen, Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg, Junkers and Villagers (1500–1840) (Cambridge, 2002), 120.
33. John Brown, Mar. 19, 1777, Assi 45/33/10c; Augustin Gallo, Secrets de la Vraye Agriculture… (Paris, 1572), 16; Tusser, Good Husbandrie, ed. Payne and Herrtage, 177; Charles Stevens and John Liébault, comps., Maison Rustique, or, the Countrey Farme, trans. Richard Surflet (London, 1616), 22.
34. Apr. 25,1698, Diary of John Richards, 52, Dorset Record Office, Bournemouth, Eng.; Best, Books, 124; Feb. 27,1692, Sewall, Diary, 1, 288; Patten, Diary, 190; July 26,1749, Parkman, Diary, 199; Aug. 21,1782, Sanger, Journal, 432; Cole, Diary, 90.
35. Halliwell, Archaic and Provincial Words, 1, 149; Giacomo Agostinetti, Cento e Died Ricordi Che Formano Iil] Bvon Fattor di Villa (Venice, 1717), 230; Feb. 23,1764, Carter, Diary, I, 257, passim, II, passim; Aug. 14, 1672, Isham, Diary, 139; "Henry Vagg," B. Chron., June 28, 1788; Howitt, Country Book, 71; Henry Fielding, The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews (New York, 1950), 158; Yorkshire Diaries & Autobiographies in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Durham, Eng., 1886), 106; Best, Books, 145.
36. Stevens and Liébault, comps., Maison Rustique, trans. Surflet, 24–26; Leonard Digges and Thomas Digges, A Prognostication Everlastinge… (London, 1605), fo. 6; Piero Camporesi, The Anatomy of the Senses: Natural Symbols in Medieval and Early Modern Italy (Cambridge, 1994), 196–197.
37. Best, Books, 152; Nov. 7, 1774, Feb. 5,1776, Mar. 13,1779, Sanger, Journal, 13, 86,236; James Kelly, A Complete Collection of Scottish Proverbs… (London, 1818), 212; Jasper Charlton, The Ladies Astronomy and Chronology… (London, 1735), 35; "Charles Ley," SWA or LJ, Dec. 10,1770; "On the Harvest Moon," SJC, Sept. 1,1774.
38. SAS, XVII, 557; Robert Southey, Journal of a Tour in Scotland, ed. C.H. Hertford (London, 1929), 113–114; P. Brydone, A Tour through Sicily and Malta… (London, 1773), 220; Patten, Diary, passim; SAS, XIII, 602.
39. Jonas Hanway, An Historical Account of the British Trade over the Caspian Sea… (London, 1753), II, 216; "A Visit to Rome in 1736," GM 39 (1853), 264; Gallo, Secrets de la Vraye Agriculture, 370,204; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 355; Pinkerton, Travels, VI, 370; Samuel Deane, The New England Farmer… (Worcester, Mass., 1790), 327.
40. NYWJ, May 4,1741; John Lough, France Observed in the Seventeenth Century by British Travellers (Stocksfield, Eng., 1984), 44; Cohens, Italy, 168, 268–269. См. также: William Langland, Piers Plowman: The C Version, trans. George Economou (Philadelphia, 1996), 43.
41. Hester Lynch Piozzi, Observations and Reflections Made in the Course of a Journey through France, Italy, and Germany, ed. Herbert Barrows (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1967), 103–104; Joseph Palmer, A Four Months Tour through France (London, 1776), II, 13; Jan. 28,1708, Cowper, Diary; Jeremy D. Popkin, ed., Panorama of Paris: Selections from Le Tableau de Paris, Louis-Sébastien Mercier (University Park, Pa., 1999), 96; NYWJ, Aug. 20, 1750; Richard Cobb, Paris and Its Provinces, 1792–1802 (New York, 1975), 18–19,26-27.
42. Paroimiographia (French), 21; Columella, On Agriculture and Trees, trans. Forster and Heffner, III, 123; Josiah Tucker, Instructions for Travellers, 1757 (New York, n. d.), 243; Patricia James, ed., The Travel Diaries of Thomas Robert Malthus (London, 1966), 73; G. E. Fussell and K. R. Fussell, The English Countrywoman: A Farmhouse Social History, A. D. 1500–1900 (New York, 1971), 38,69–70.
43. Feb. 9,12,1767, Woodforde, Diary, 1,62; Rétif de la Bretonne, My Father's Life, trans. Richard Veasey (Gloucester, Eng., 1986), 162; Apr. 8,1777, Sanger, Journal, 139, passim; Markham's Farewell to Husbandry… (London, 1620), 146.
44. Philip D. Morgan, Slave Counterpoint: Black Culture in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake and Lowcountry (Chapel Hill, N. C, 1998), 153,168,191,195.
45. Taylor, A Preter-Pluperfect… (n. p., 1643), 1.
46. Verdon, Night, 113–114; "Mus Rusticus," SJC, Apr. 27, 1773; Jeffry Kaplow, France on the Eve of Revolution: A Book of Readings (New York, 1971), 145; OBP, Apr. 17–20, 1765,174; Frank Cundall, ed., Lady Nugent's Journaclass="underline" Jamaica One Hundred and Thirty-tight Years Ago (London, 1939), 86; Michael Sonenscher, "Work and Wages in Paris in the Eighteenth Century," in Maxine Berg et al., eds., Manufacture in Town and Country before the Factory (Cambridge, 1983), 167.
47. Bouteloup, "Travail de Nuit," 3; Lydia Dotto, Losing Sleep: How Your Sleeping Habits Affect Your Life (New York, 1990), 226,229; Kaplan, Bakers of Paris, 264–265.
48. SAS, IX, 480.
49. OBP, Aug. 28, 1728; Peter Linebaugh, The London Hanged: Crime and Civil Society in the Eighteenth Century (Cambridge, 1992), 377; Robert C. Davis, Shipbuilders of the Venetian Arsenaclass="underline" Workers and Workplace in the Preindustria] City (Baltimore, 1991), 160–161; Beattie, Crime, 175–178. См. также: Kaplan, Bakers of Paris, 244.
50. Merry E. Wiesner, Working Women in Renaissance Germany (New Brunswick, N. J., 1986), 94; "Dane's Narrative," 150; ECR, II, 373.
51. Bräker, Life, 76, 56; Thompson, "Time, Work-Discipline," 77; Paul Monroe, ed., Thomas Platter and the Educational Renaissance of the Sixteenth Century (New York, 1904), 155–156. См. также: Émile Guillaumin, The Life of a Simple Man, ed. Eugen Weber, trans. Margaret Crosland (Hanover, N. H., 1983), 74.
52. Evangeline W. and Charles M. Andrews, eds., Journal of a Lady of Quality; Being the Narrative of a Journey from Scotland to the West Indies, North Carolina, and Portugal, in the Years 1774 to 1776 (New Haven, 1923), 108; Morgan, Slave Counterpoint, 138,140, 251–253,358—376, passim; Roderick A. McDonald, The Economy and Material Culture of Slaves: Goods and Chattels on the Sugar Plantations of Jamaica and Louisiana (Baton Rouge, 1993), 47.