19. French, Charles I, 281.
20. Lingard, VII, 181; Taine, English Literature, 265.
21. Camb. Mod. History, IV, 279.
22. Allen, English Thought, 194.
23. Carlyle, T., Oliver Cromwell, I, 93.
24. French, 306.
25. Schaff, History of the Christian Church: The German Reformation, I, 79.
26. Allen, English Thought, 283.
27. French, 281.
28. Markun, L., Mrs. Grundy, 114.
29. Weber, Max, The Protestant Ethic, 177.
30. Beard, Miriam, History of the Business Man, 387.
31. Allen, English Thought, 279f; Lingard, VIII, 190.
32. Ibid., 191n.
33. Thornton, Table Talk, 72, 106.
34. Browne, Religio Medici, 77.
35. Browne, Works, II, 226.
36. Religio Medici, 70, 34.
37. Singer, Studies in the History of Science, 222.
38. Religio Medici, 82.
39. Ibid., ι.
40. Ibid., 18.
41. Ibid., 25.
42. Ibid., 10.
43. Ibid., 179.
44. Ibid., 60.
45. Ibid., 92.
46. Herrick, Poems, 181.
47. Ibid., 178.
48. Ibid., 398.
49. Aubrey, 287.
50. Ibid., 289.
51. Ibid., 192.
52. Lovelace, Poems, 78.
53. Ibid., 18.
54. MacLaurin, Mere Mortals, 143–4; John, Charles I, 4; French, 16.
55. Bishop, Renaissance Architecture, 25.
56. John, Charles I, 65.
57. Ibid., 66.
58. Ibid., 133; Lingard, VII, 164.
59. Gardiner, S. R., History of England 1603–42, VII, I.
60. Ibid., 41–3.
61. Tawney, Religion and the Rise of Capitalism, 173.
62. Ibid., 174; Allen, English Thought, 360.
63. Rickard, Man and Metals, II, 799.
64. Clarendon, History of the Rebellion, I, 323.
65. Ibid., 188f.
66. Carlyle, Oliver Cromwell, I, 94.
67. Lang, History of Scotland, III, 71.
68. John, Charles I, 207.
69. Morley, Oliver Cromwell, 72.
70. Clarendon, passim; Hume, D., History of England, IV, 174, 401.
71. Carlyle, Oliver Cromwell; Firth, Oliver Cromwell; Buchan, Oliver Cromwell.
72. Morley, Cromwell, 9.
73. Carlyle, Cromwell, I, 98.
74. Ibid., 108.
75. Clarendon, I, 300; Gardiner, History of England, IX, 230.
76. Thornton, Table Talk, 108.
77. Gardiner, IX, 251–2.
78. Allen, English Thought, 346f.
79. Morley, Cromwell, 91; Hallam, Constitutional History, II, 119; Allen, 354.
80. Clarendon, I, 452.
81. Ibid., 466.
82. Firth, Cromwell, 61.
83. Clarendon, II, 49 f.
84. Allen, English Thought, 313, 403–4.
85. Robinson, J. H., Readings, 356.
86. Schaff, History of the Christian Church: The Swiss Reformation, II, 565.
87. Firth, 149; Bury, J. B., History of Freedom of Thought, 86; Robertson, J. M., Freethought, II, 76.
88. Camb. Mod. History, IV, 312.
89. Firth, 147.
90. Ibid.
91. Macaulay, History of England, I, 100.
92. Gooch, English Democratic Ideas, 119, 179.
93. Ibid., 124.
94. Ibid., 128.
95. Camb. Mod. History, IV, 345.
96. Firth, 175.
97. Morley, Cromwell, 240.
98. Lingard, VIII, 110.
99. Morley, 267.
100. John, Charles I, 294.
101. Hume, History, IV, 485.
102. Churchill, W. S., History of the English-Speaking Peoples, II, 223.
103. Robinson, Readings, 359.
CHAPTER IX
1. Evelyn, Diary, I, 225.
2. Ibid., 87.
3. Camb. Mod. History, IV, 631.
4. Molmenti, Venice, lb, 218.
5. Ranke, History of the Popes, II, 119.
6. Funk, Manual of Church History, II, 147.
7. Hazlitt, W. C, The Venetian Republic, II, 221; Encycl. Brit., XIX, 1002.
8. Symonds, J. A., The Catholic Reaction, II, 105.
9. On the inaccuracies of both historians cf. Ranke, Popes, III, 106–38.
10. Montaigne, Diary, 93; Shakespeare’s England, I, 216.
11. Byron, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Canto IV, line 2.
12. Molmenti, lb, 181.
13. Winckelmann, History of Ancient Art, II, 316.
14. Taine, Italy: Rome and Naples, 232.
15. Symonds, Catholic Reaction, II, 231.
16. Ruskin, Modern Painters, II, i, 7, 13.
17. Evelyn, I, 160.
18. Ogg, Europe in the Seventeenth Century, 387.
19. Sitwell, Southern Baroque Art, 43.
20. Stirling-Maxwell, Annals of the Artists of Spain, III, 893.
21. Justi, Velazquez, 343.
22. Byron, Don Juan, xiv, 71.
23. Pastor, XVIII, 121, 125.
24. Ranke, Popes, I, 286.
25. Ibid., 273.
26. Pastor, XVII, 172.
27. Lea, H. C, Inquisition in Spain, II, 77.
28. Ranke, Popes, I, 322.
29. Montaigne, Diary, 125.
30. Bacon, Fr., Apophthegm 60, in Phil. Works, 869.
31. Sully, Memoirs, I, 218n.
32. Ranke, Popes, I, 341.
33. Pastor, XXI, 83.
34. Ranke, I, 342.
35. Lecky, History of European Morals, II, 97.
36. Sully, Memoirs, III, 29.
37. Camb. Mod. History, IV, 687.
38. Graves, F. P., History of Education, 219.
39. Monroe, Paul, Text-Book in the History of Education, 422.
40. Bacon, De Augmentis, vi, 4, in Phil. Works, 559.
41. Ranke, Popes, II, 90.
42. McCabe, Candid History, 97.
43. Symonds, Catholic Reaction, II, 121.
44. Campbell, Thos., The Jesuits, 394.
45. Filmer, Patriar cha, in Locke, Two Treatises on Government, 253.
46. Campbell, 271.
47. Symonds, Catholic Reaction, I, 218; McCabe, Candid History, 184.
48. McCabe, 191.
49. Fülop-Miller, Power and Secret of the Jesuits, 285.
50. Ibid., 290.
51. Ibid., 300–1.
52. McCabe, 299.
53. In Campbell, 445.
54. Montaigne, Diary, 141.
55. Ibid., 159.
56. Molmenti, Venice, lib, 27.
57. Montaigne, Diary, 151.
58. Symonds, Catholic Reaction, I, 268–74. The Cenci, by F. D. Guerrazzi (Milan, 1872), is a novel.
59. Evelyn, I, 172.
60. Ibid., 161.
61. Ibid., Nov. 8, 1644.
62. Burney, History of Music, II, 510; Grove’s Dictionary of Music, III, 591; Brockway and Weinstock, The Opera, 1–3.
63. McKinney and Anderson, Music in History, 321.
64. Ibid., 334.
65. Garnett, Richard, Italian Literature, 269.
66. Ranke, Popes, I, 369.
67. Encycl. Brit., Ill, 132b.
68. Johnson, S., Lives of the Poets, I, 176.
69. Guarini, The Faithful Shepherd, p. 64.
70. Ibid., 177.
71. Hallam, Literature, II, 181.
72. Symonds, Italian Literature, II, 243.
73. Tr. by Leigh Hunt, in Van Doren, Anthology, 590.
74. Symonds, Catholic Reaction, I, 367.
75. Boulting, Tasso, 172–3.
76. Ibid., 183, 174.
77. Symonds, Catholic Reaction, II, 35; Encycl. Brit., XXI, 831a.
78. Symonds, I, 369.
79. Boulting, 212.
80. Smith, History of Culture, I, 552.
81. Boulting, 259.
82. Tasso, Gerusalemme liberata, xx, 1087.
83. Galileo, Opere, ed. nazionale, IX, 69, in Smith, P., History of Culture, I, 552.
84. Disraeli, Isaac, Curiosities of Literature, II, 444.
85. Burckhardt, J., Recollections of Rubens, 8.
86. Pastor, XXII, 309.
87. Justi, Velazquez, 350.
88. Wittkower, Gian Lorenzo Bernini, 197.
89. Ibid., 2.
CHAPTER X
1. El Greco, Phaidon ed., 7.
2. Weisbach, Spanish Baroque Art, 35.
3. Robertson, Freethought, II, 38; Hume, M., Spanish People, 416.
4. Lea, Inquisition in Spain, III, 441.
5. Prescott, Philip II, II, 498.
6. Lea, Inquisition, IV, 253.
7. Cf. Cervantes, Don Quixote, Part I, ch. 28; Vol. I, 223.
8. Stirling-Maxwell, I, 45.
9. Lang, P. H., Music in Western Civilization, 267.
10. Calvert, A. F., The Escorial, 7.
11. Ibid., 65; Calvert, Royal Palaces of Spain, 4–6; El Greco, Phaidon ed., II.
12. Stirling-Maxwell, I, 209.
13. Davies, Golden Age of Spain, 120.
14. Froude, Elizabeth, I, 375.
15. Motley, Rise of the Dutch Republic, I, 125.
16. Encycl. Brit., XVII, 722c.
17. Motley, I, 125.
18. Hume, M., The Spanish People, 382; Motley, II, 12.
19. Trend, The Civilization of Spain, 128.