20. Motley, I, 125.
21. Voltaire, Works, XlVb, 278.
22. Mariana, General History of Spain, Supplement, p. 30.
23. Blok, History of the People of the Netherlands, II, 289, 119; cf. En. Br., XVII, 722.
24. Cf. Robinson, Readings, 321; Armstrong, Emperor Charles V, II, 376; Hume, M., Spain: Its Greatness and Decay, 150.
25. Prescott, Philip II, II, 431.
26. Davies, Golden Age of Spain, 150.
27. Prescott, Philip II, II, 451.
28. Altamira, History of Spain, 384.
29. Madariaga, Spain, 36; Davies, Golden Age, 194.
30. Ibid., 198; History Today, June 1954, p. 427.
31. Ibid.; Lea, Inquisition in Spain, IV, 254–272.
32. Trevor-Roper, Historical Essays, 269; Altamira, History of Spanish Civilization, 133.
33. Davies, Golden Age, 121.
34. En. Br., XXI, 132.
35. Prescott, Philip II, I, 68, 210; II, 26.
36. Ogg, 170.
37. Davies, 230.
38. Ibid., 233.
39. Hume, M., Court of Philip IV, 24; Spain, 211; Camb. Mod. History, III, 542.
40. Don Quixote, Part II, ch. 54.
41. Ximencs, Juan, Life and Virtues of … Juan de Ribera, in Buckle, History of Civilization, II, 46.
42. Lea, Inquisition, III, 397, 407–8; Ogg, 364; Hume, M., Spain, 212.
43. Lea, III, 410.
44. Camb. Mod. History, IV, 634.
45. Justi, Velázquez, 105.
46. Portrait in Hispanic Society of America, New York.
47. Rooses, Rubens, 486.
48. Stephens, H. M., Story of Portugal, 249.
49. Camõcs, Lusiads, Introd., xvii.
50. Penrose, Travel and Discovery, 72.
51. Camões, Lusiads, ix, 83.
52. Ibid., 89.
53. Bell, Aubrey, Portuguese Literature, 183.
54. Camões, Introd. xxix.
CHAPTER XI
1. Preface to Galatea.
2. Hallam, Literature, I, 53.
3. Schevill, R., Cervantes, 7.
4. Altamira, History of Spanish Civilization, 143.
5. Fitzmaurice-Kelly, History of Spanish Literature, 338.
6. Gracian, Art of Worldly Wisdom, 20.
7. Ibid., 29.
8. 32.
9. 36.
10. 49.
11. 71.
12. 144.
13. 150.
14. In Davies, Golden Age, 282.
15. Ticknor, History of Spanish Literature, III, 150; cf. Fitzmaurice-Kelly, History, 274.
16. In Smith, P., History of Modern Culture, I, 552.
17. Bell, Aubrey, Cervantes, 54; Ticknor, II, 58.
18. Ellis, H., Soul of Spain, 233.
19. Schevill, Cervantes, 134.
20. Lockhart, J. G., Introd. to Everyman’s Library ed. of Don Quixote, p. xx.
21. Don Quixote, Part I, ch. xii.
22. I, xi.
23. I, xiii.
24. II, xxxii.
25. I, iv.
26. II, xxxii.
27. II, xix; I, xx; II, iv.
28. I, xxxix.
29. I, xxxvi.
30. Cervantes, Exemplary Novels, 5.
31. Ibid., 3.
32. Don Quixote, II, xlv.
33. Schevill, Cervantes, 353.
34. Powys, J. C, Enjoyment of Literature, 174.
35. Ticknor, II, 42.
36. Don Quixote, I, xxi; Bell, Cervantes, 27.
37. Tr. by E. Churton in Fitzmaurice-Kelly, History of Spanish Literature, 281.
38. Quevedo, The Dog and the Fever, 52.
39. Tr. by John Masefield in Van Doren, Anthology, 645.
40. Fitzmaurice-Kelly, History, 254.
41. Id., Some Masters of Spanish Verse, 98.
42. Id., History, 249–50.
43. Ford, J. D., Main Currents of Spanish Literature, 129.
44. Fitzmaurice-Kelly, Some Masters, 43.
45. Lope de Vega, The Star of Seville, in Matthews, B., Chief European Dramatists, 171.
46. Lewes, G. N., Lope de Vega, in Clark, Great Short Biographies, 596; Fitzmaurice-Kelly, Some Masters, 25.
47. Shelley, Poetical Works, 645.
48. Calderón, Life Is a Dream, II, ii, tr. D. F. McCarthy, in Matthews, 219.
CHAPTER XII
1. Stirling-Maxwell, Annals of the Artists of Spain, I, 349.
2. Dieulafoy, Art in Spain and Portugal, 243.
3. Mâle, Emile, Religious Art from the Twelfth to the Eighteenth Century, 170.
4. In the Escorial.
5. In Calvert, Seville, 108.
6. Lassaigne, J., Spanish Painting from the Catalan Frescoes to El Greco, 131.
7. En. Br., XXII, 69.
8. Naples.
9. Lassaigne, 106; Guinard, El Greco, 54.
10. Goldscheider, El Greco, 10.
11. Caffin, C. H., Story of Spanish Painting,
12. Guinard, 121.
13. Meier-Graefc, The Spanish Journey, 145.
14. Pacheco, in Guinard, 22.
15. Johnson in Prologue to Addison’s Cato.
16. Soria, M. S., The Paintings of Zurbarán, 30.
17. In Justi, Vel á zquez, 83.
18. Duke of Wellington Collection, London.
19. Boston Museum of Fine Arts.
20. National Gallery, London.
21. Justi, 445.
22. Rouen.
23. New York; Frankfurt.
24. Dresden Gallery.
25. Modena.
26. Earl of Radnor Collection.
27. Stirling-Maxwell, III, 847.
28. Justi, 360.
29. Cheney, World History of Art, 619.
30. Vienna.
31. Washington.
32. Wallace Collection, London.
33. Vienna.
34. Calvert and Hartley, Velazquez, 176.
35. Ellis, H., Soul of Spain, 153.
36. Meier-Graefe, 151, 200–5.
37. Stirling-Maxwell, III, 946.
38. Guinard and Baticle, Histoire de la peinture espagnole, 170.
39. Louvre.
40. Dresden.
41. Pliny, Natural History, xxxv, 36.
42. Stirling-Maxwell, III, 1003.
43. Prado, Seville, Cádiz, Louvre, Leningrad.
44. Dulwich.
45. Rome, Galleria Nazionale.
46. Prado.
47. London.
48. Leningrad.
49. Altamira, History of Spanish Civilization, 1 37f.
CHAPTER XIII
1. Roeder, Catherine de’Medici and the Lost Revolution, 170.
2. Sée, Modern Capitalism, 49.
3. Roeder, 250.
4. Guizot, History of France, III, 319.
5. Acton, Lectures, 156.
6. Michelet, Histoire de France, III, 483.
7. Thieme, Women of Modern France, 38.
8. Roeder, 309.
9. La Tour, Origines de la Réforme, IV, 255f.
10. Hearnshaw, Social and Political Ideas of … the Renaissance and the Reformation, 29.
11. Walker, W., John Calvin, 381.
12. Guizot, France, III, 303.
13. Sichel, Catherine de’ Medici and the French Reformation, in.
14. Ibid., 24.
15. Brantôme, Book of the Ladies, 51.
16. Michelet, Histoire, III, 490.
17. Sichel, 10.
18. Brantôme, 59.
19. Sichel, The Later Years of Catherine de’Medici, 116.
20. Sainte-Beuve in Brantôme, 88.
21. Roeder, 361.
22. Ibid., 386.
23. Allen, Political Thought, 295.
24. Roeder, 254–6.
25. Ranke, Civil Wars … in France, I, 278–80.
26. Sichel, Catherine de’ Medici, 119.
27. Pastor, History of the Popes, XVI, 179.
28. Batiffol, The Century of the Renaissance, 201.
29. Ibid., 198; Pastor, XVI, 167; Camb. Mod. History, II, 300.
30. Pastor, XVI, 179.
31. Ibid.
32. Ibid., 180–1.
33. Allen, Political Thought, 305.
34. Sichel, 191, 196–7.
35. Lea, Studies in Church History, 496.
36. Pastor, XVI, 172.
37. Michelet, IV, 418; Batiffol, 203.
38. Guizot, History, III, 334.
39. Ibid., 335.
40. Batiffol, 211; Sichel, 224.
41. Froude, Elizabeth, I, 346.
42. Ranke, Civil Wars, I, 336; Batiffol, 215; Roeder, 366–9; Sichel, The Later Years, 19; Pastor, XVI, 203.
43. Guizot, III, 328.
44. Ibid., 330; Pastor, XVIII, 116.
45. Guizot, III, 331.
46. Pastor, XVIII, 154.
47. Froude, Elizabeth, II, 446.
48. Sedgwick, H. D., Henry of Navarre, 34;
49. Ibid., 90.
50. Batiffol, 241; Belloc, Richelieu, 139n.
51. Pastor, XVI, 195–6.
52. Roeder, 428.
53. Guizot, III, 380.
54. Janssen, J., History of the German People, VIII, 114.
55. Ibid.
56. Guizot, III, 384.
57. Ibid.
58. Camb. Mod. History, III, 18.
59. Ibid., 19; Pastor, XIX, 485.
60. Michelet, III, 458.
61. Batiffol, 227.
62. Sichel, The Later Years, 160.
63. Michelet, III, 462.
64. Sichel, The Later Years, 162.
65. Ibid., 164.