if (File) // Does The File Exist?
{
fclose(File); // Close The Handle
return auxDIBImageLoad(Filename); // Load The Bitmap And Return A Pointer
}
If we were unable to open the file we'll return NULL. which means the file couldn't be loaded. Later on in the program we'll check to see if the file was loaded. If it wasn't we'll quit the program with an error message.
return NULL; // If Load Failed Return NULL
}
This is the section of code that loads the bitmap (calling the code above) and converts it into a texture.
int LoadGLTextures() // Load Bitmaps And Convert To Textures
{
We'll set up a variable called Status. We'll use this variable to keep track of whether or not we were able to load the bitmap and build a texture. We set Status to FALSE (meaning nothing has been loaded or built) by default.
int Status=FALSE; // Status Indicator
Now we create an image record that we can store our bitmap in. The record will hold the bitmap width, height, and data.
AUX_RGBImageRec *TextureImage[1]; // Create Storage Space For The Texture
We clear the image record just to make sure it's empty.
memset(TextureImage, 0, sizeof(void *)*1); // Set The Pointer To NULL
Now we load the bitmap and convert it to a texture. TextureImage[0]=LoadBMP("Data/NeHe.bmp") will jump to our LoadBMP() code. The file named NeHe.bmp in the Data directory will be loaded. If everything goes well, the image data is stored in TextureImage[0], Status is set to TRUE, and we start to build our texture.
// Load The Bitmap, Check For Errors, If Bitmap's Not Found Quit
if (TextureImage[0]=LoadBMP("Data/NeHe.bmp")) {
Status=TRUE; // Set The Status To TRUE
Now that we've loaded the image data into TextureImage[0], we will build a texture using this data. The first line glGenTextures(1, &texture[0]) tells OpenGL we want to generate one texture name (increase the number if you load more than one texture). Remember at the very beginning of this tutorial we created room for one texture with the line GLuint texture[1]. Although you'd think the first texture would be stored at &texture[1] instead of &texture[0], it's not. The first actual storage area is 0. If we wanted two textures we would use GLuint texture[2] and the second texture would be stored at texture[1].
The second line glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]) tells OpenGL to bind the named texture texture[0] to a texture target. 2D textures have both height (on the Y axes) and width (on the X axes). The main function of glBindTexture is to assign a texture name to texture data. In this case we're telling OpenGL there is memory available at &texture[0]. When we create the texture, it will be stored in the memory that &texture[0] references.
glGenTextures(1, &texture[0]); // Create The Texture
// Typical Texture Generation Using Data From The Bitmap
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);
Next we create the actual texture. The following line tells OpenGL the texture will be a 2D texture (GL_TEXTURE_2D). Zero represents the images level of detail, this is usually left at zero. Three is the number of data components. Because the image is made up of red data, green data and blue data, there are three components. TextureImage[0]->sizeX is the width of the texture. If you know the width, you can put it here, but it's easier to let the computer figure it out for you. TextureImage[0]->sizey is the height of the texture. zero is the border. It's usually left at zero. GL_RGB tells OpenGL the image data we are using is made up of red, green and blue data in that order. GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE means the data that makes up the image is made up of unsigned bytes, and finally… TextureImage[0]->data tells OpenGL where to get the texture data from. In this case it points to the data stored in the TextureImage[0] record.
// Generate The Texture
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 3, TextureImage[0]->sizeX, TextureImage[0]->sizeY, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, TextureImage[0]->data);
The next two lines tell OpenGL what type of filtering to use when the image is larger (GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER) or stretched on the screen than the original texture, or when it's smaller (GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER) on the screen than the actual texture. I usually use GL_LINEAR for both. This makes the texture look smooth way in the distance, and when it's up close to the screen. Using GL_LINEAR requires alot of work from the processor/video card, so if your system is slow, you might want to use GL_NEAREST. A texture that's filtered with GL_NEAREST will appear blocky when it's stretched. You can also try a combination of both. Make it filter things up close, but not things in the distance.
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR); // Linear Filtering
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR); // Linear Filtering
}
Now we free up any ram that we may have used to store the bitmap data. We check to see if the bitmap data was stored in TextureImage[0]. If it was we check to see if the data has been stored. If data was stored, we erase it. Then we free the image structure making sure any used memory is freed up.
if (TextureImage[0]) // If Texture Exists
{
if (TextureImage[0]->data) // If Texture Image Exists
{
free(TextureImage[0]->data); // Free The Texture Image Memory
}
free(TextureImage[0]); // Free The Image Structure
}
Finally we return the status. If everything went OK, the variable Status will be TRUE. If anything went wrong, Status will be FALSE.
return Status; // Return The Status
}
I've added a few lines of code to InitGL. I'll repost the entire section of code, so it's easy to see the lines that I've added, and where they go in the code. The first line if (!LoadGLTextures()) jumps to the routine above which loads the bitmap and makes a texture from it. If LoadGLTextures() fails for any reason, the next line of code will return FALSE. If everything went OK, and the texture was created, we enable 2D texture mapping. If you forget to enable texture mapping your object will usually appear solid white, which is definitely not good.
int InitGL(GLvoid) // All Setup For OpenGL Goes Here
{
if (!LoadGLTextures()) // Jump To Texture Loading Routine ( NEW )
{
return FALSE; // If Texture Didn't Load Return FALSE ( NEW )
}
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); // Enable Texture Mapping ( NEW )
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); // Enable Smooth Shading
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f); // Black Background
glClearDepth(1.0f); // Depth Buffer Setup
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); // Enables Depth Testing
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); // The Type Of Depth Testing To Do
glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST); // Really Nice Perspective Calculations
return TRUE; // Initialization Went OK
}
Now we draw the textured cube. You can replace the DrawGLScene code with the code below, or you can add the new code to the original lesson one code. This section will be heavily commented so it's easy to understand. The first two lines of code glClear() and glLoadIdentity() are in the original lesson one code. glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) will clear the screen to the color we selected in InitGL(). In this case, the screen will be cleared to black. The depth buffer will also be cleared. The view will then be reset with glLoadIdentity().