Chapter Twelve: Civil War
1 L.Trotsky, “Work, Discipline, Order”, Sochineniya xvii, p.17
2 Isaac Deutscher, The Prophet Armed: Trotsky 1879-1921, Oxford University Press, 1954, p.406
3 Quoted in Deutscher, Ibid, p.421
4 Figes, Ibid, p.579
5 Rabinowitch, Ibid, pp.288-89
6 Figes, Ibid, p.649
7 Weekly of Kazan Cheka No 1, November 1918, reprinted in Pravda No 281, 25th December, 1918
8 Shub, Ibid, pp.360-61
9 This telegram, and others of similar ilk, are contained in The Unknown Lenin: From the Secret Archive, Yale University Press, 1996, edited by Richard Pipes. The volume was prepared with the aid of the Russian Centre for the Preservation and Study of Documents of Recent History of the State Archival Service of Russia. When published it contained dozens of hitherto unreleased documents (letters, telegrams, memoranda, etc.). Whilst the contents are primary sources of the first importance it should be noted that Pipes himself has an extra-academic agenda. He was not just Baird Research Professor of History at Harvard University but also a former Director of East European and Soviet Affairs for the US National Security Council, and a consultant to the CIA. Pipes’ immense hostility to Lenin heavily colours his historical work, to its detriment. His selection in The Unknown Lenin must be seen in that light. That said, it appears to reflect the totality of the unpublished material and there is no question as to their authenticity.
10 The full text and a scanned facsimile of Lenin’s memorandum to N.N. Krestinsky is in Pipes, Ibid, p.56
11 Both decrees are quoted in Gregory Petrovich Maximoff, The Guillotine at Work, Vol. 1: The Leninist Counter-Revolution, Black Thorn Books, 1979 (first published Chicago 1940 by the Alexander Berkman Fund), pp.76-77
12 Lyuobov Krassin, Leonid Krassin: His Life and Work, Skeffington & Son Ltd, 1929, p.98
13 https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1918/russian-revolution/ch01.htm
14 The Manchester Guardian, 13th July, 1920
15 Victor Serge, “During the Civil War”, Revolution in Danger: Writings from Russia 1919-1921, Redwords, 1997, p.11
16 Quoted in Figes, Ibid, p.677
17 Cliff, Ibid, p.18
18 Vero Broido, Daughter of Revolution: A Russian Girlhood Remembered, Constable, 1998, p.114
19 Figes, Ibid, p.604
20 Keep, Ibid, p.429
21 Sovnarcom Decree of 9th May, 1918 quoted in Cliff, Ibid, p.135
22 J. Sverdlov to Russian Communist Party Central Committee, as reported in the Protocols of the RCP CC May 4th-20th 1918, Moscow, 1920, p.294
23 V.P. Miliutin, Agrarnaia Poilitika SSSR, Moscow, 1929, p.106
24 Keep, Ibid, p.435
25 Quoted in Cliff, Ibid, p.137
26 Quoted in Shub, Ibid, p.371
27 Victor Serge, Memoirs of a Revolutionary (1951), New York Review Books, 2010, p.135
28 V.I. Lenin, Collected Works, Vol. 33, Moscow, p.421-2
29 Nikolai Bukharin, The Economics of the Transition Period, 1920, p.56, quoted in Cohen, Ibid, p.90
30 Bukharin, Ibid, quoted in Cohen, p.91
31 Cohen, Ibid, p.94
32 Serge, Revolution in Danger, Ibid, p.67
33 Resolution of the Menshevik Party Central Committee of 2nd August, 1918, reprinted in Rabochi Internatsional, 7th August, 1918, Petrograd
34 Getzler, Ibid, p.183
35 “The International Situation and the Tasks of the Russian Revolution”, Partiinoe soveshchanie, October 1918, pp.10-11
36 Serge, “During the Civil War”, Ibid, p.11, 14
37 Serge, Ibid, p.27
38 Serge, Memoirs, Ibid, p.107
39 Leon Trotsky, My Life: An Attempt at an Autobiography, Penguin, 1975, p.44
40 Quoted in Deutscher, Ibid, p.445
41 Serge, Ibid, p.109
Chapter Thirteen: Sex-Pol
1 Fitzpatrick, Ibid, p.15
2 Cited in Stites, Ibid, p.76
3 Serge, Ibid, p.13
4 Stites, Ibid, p.78
5 Liebman, Ibid, p.331
6 For background on the Venezuelan government’s successful “Mission Robinson” programme to combat mass illiteracy see http://venezuelanalysis.com/news/7402
7 Richard Stites, The Women’s Liberation Movement in Russia: Feminism, Nihilism and Bolshevism 1860-1930, Princeton University Press, 1978, p.162
8 Stites, Ibid, p.244
9 “The Social Basis of the Woman Question”, Selected Writings of Alexandra Kollontai, edited Alix Holt, W.W. Norton and Company, 1977, p.58, p.68
10 Stites, Ibid, p.363
11 Norton Dodge, Women in the Soviet Economy, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1966, p.141
12 Alexandra Kollontai, Autobiography of a Sexually Emancipated Woman, Irwin Fletscher, London, 1972 (originally published 1926), p.43
13 Clements, Ibid, p.228
14 “Make Way for Winged Eros: A Letter to Working Youth”, 1923, Kollontai, Selected Writings, Ibid, p.277
15 Kollontai, Ibid, p.288, p.282
16 Data from http://ukfeminista.org.uk
17 For the full text of Eve Mitchell’s challenging article see https://libcom.org/library/i-am-woman-human-marxist-feminist-critique-intersectionalitytheory-eve-mitchell
18 https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/nov/17/trump-brexitminorities-working-class
19 Dawn Foster, Lean Out, Repeater Books, 2016, p.11
20 V.I. Lenin, “The Tasks of the Working Women’s Movement in the Soviet Republic”, Collected Works Vol. 30, Moscow, p.40, p.42
21 Clara Zetkin, Reminiscences of Lenin, International Publishers, 1924, p.44
22 Wilhelm Reich, The Mass Psychology of Fascism, Penguin Books, 1970 (originally published 1934), p.78
23 Reich, Ibid, pp.25-26
24 Reich, Ibid, p.89
25 Wilhelm Reich, “Dialectical Materialism and Psychoanalysis”, in Wilhelm Reich, Sex-Pol Essays 1929-1934, Verso, 2012, p.73
26 Reich, “Politicising the Sexual Problem of Youth”, Ibid, p.274
27 Cited in Maurice Brinton, The Irrational in Politics, Black Rose Books, 1974, pp.58-59
Chapter Fourteen: Proletkult
1 Filippo Marinetti, “The Foundation and Manifesto of Futurism”, 1909, in 100 Artists’ Manifestos: From the Futurists to the Stuckists, edited Alex Danchev, Penguin, 2011, pp.4-5
2 Gray, Ibid, p.94
3 Leon Trotsky, Literature and Revolution, Redwords, 1991 (originally published 1924), p.172
4 Stites, Ibid, p.44
5 Aude Lancelin, Le Nouvel Observateur, 2001
6 Harry Cleaver, “Marxian Categories, the Crisis of Capital, and the Constitution of Social Subjectivity Today”, in Werner Bonefeld, Revolutionary Writing: Common-Sense Essays in Post-Political Politics, Automedia, 2003, p.203