Korea: antiwar memories of, 139–49; criticism of United States by, 151; culture of, 132–33, 151–52; economy of, 130–31, 149–50, 151–52; film industry of, 144–49; number of Vietnam casualties from, 156; subimperial power of, 139, 152; U.S. patriotism and, 152–53; vs. Vietnam, 133–34; Vietnamese brides in, 143; Vietnamese people’s memories of, 150–51; Vietnam soldiers from, 136–55, 150–51; Vietnam War memorials in, 136–39; war machine of, 135–36
Korean immigrants, 130–32
Korean War: division of Korea and, 129; films about, 130; memorials to, 134–39, 152; memories of, 6; novels about, 141–43; number of casualties of, 129; South Koreans’ view of, 129–30; television shows about, 133
Korean War Memorial, 152
Koreatown, 130, 131–32, 153
Kubrick, Stanley, 179
Kundera, Milan, 10, 26, 94, 182
Kuras, Ellen, 292–93
Kuwait, 6, 51–52
Kwon, Heonik, 151
Lam, Andrew, 205
Land Mine Museum, 172
Language: in industrial memories, 15
Lao Hmong American War Memorial, 152
Lao People’s Army History Museum, 186
Laos: acknowledgment of conflict in, 7; apology for war atrocities by, 288; caves in, 186–87; commodification of war in, 15; extension of war into, 6; leader of, 44; memorials for, 152; movies about, 123; recognition of veterans in, 66–67; Vietnam’s presence in, 186; war casualties in, 7, 8, 156, 157; weapon displays of, 162–66
Larsen, Wendy Wilder, 209
Last Night I Dreamed of Peace (Tram), 212, 274–75
The Last Parallel (Russ), 130
The Latehomecomer (Yang), 237, 241–42, 245–46
Latino Americans, 153, 200, 219
Laughter, 93–94
Lê, An-My, 262–63, 266–67, 270
Lê, Dinh Q., 233, 268–69, 270
Le Duan, 24
Le Duc Tho, 26
Lê Minh Khuê, 119
Le, Nam, 201–2
le thi diem thuy, 194
Lee, Chang-Rae, 248–49, 250
Lessing, Doris, 286
Levinas, Emmanuel, 84, 95, 99, 227, 272
Lieux de memoire, 42
Life magazine, 101
Lighters, 177–78
Lincoln, Abraham, 24–25
Lin, Maya, 47, 52–53, 55, 66
Literature: about mourning the dead, 194; authenticity of, 210–11; collaboration and betrayal in, 211–13; education related to writing, 206–7; of ethnic minorities, 197–222; mourning the dead in, 194–98; mythical immigrant story in, 220–21; as part of war machine, 111; prizes for, 208, 209; purpose of, 253; of war, 30–32, 51, 61, 139–43. See also War stories
Little Saigon: citizens’ war memories in, 42–44; description of, 40–42
Living in Fear (film), 171–72
The Lotus and the Storm (Cao), 203, 212
“Love and Honor and Pity and Pride and Compassion and Sacrifice” (Le), 201–2
Love like Hate (Dinh), 215
Lucas, George, 109
MacArthur Foundation, 262
Mai Dich Martyrs Cemetery, 26–27
Majority people: in films and books about war, 56; genocide and, 92; minority myths of, 131; power of, 43, 60–61; as saviors in films, 124–25
Mang Satire, 87
Margalit, Avishai, 27, 55, 56, 59, 292
Marker, Chris, 302, 303
Marx, Karl, 107, 164, 294
Masculinity, 145
M*A*S*H (television series), 133
Mbembe, Achille, 158, 180
McCain, John, 173
McCarthy, Mary, 113
McGurl, Mark, 208
McNamara, Robert, 83
Media: in industrialization of war, 13–14; influence of authorities over, 11; Korean culture in, 132. See also specific media
Memory industry, 106, 175, 177–79
“Me So Horny” (2 Live Crew), 179–80
Mexican people, 59
Military History Museum, 163, 165
Military-industrial complex. See War machine
Mines, 25, 45, 172
Minority people: cultural sensitivity toward, 83; double consciousness of, 53–54; in films and books about war, 56; lack of power of, 43, 60–61; literature authored by, 197–222; majority’s myth about, 131; memorials to, 56; notable histories of, 200–201; power of, 196–97; riots involving, 130; as veterans of war, 44, 56–59; as victims, 196–97, 221; war on, 219; war stories by, 248–49
Mishra, Pankaj, 240
The Missing Picture (film), 86–88, 99–100
Moon, Seungsook, 136
Morrison, Toni, 65, 269
Moua, Mai Neng, 67, 68, 244–45
Movie industry: in commodification of war, 13–15
MTV Cribs (television show), 104
Museum of Contemporary Art, 165
Museum of the Boat People and the Republic of Vietnam, 39–40
Museum of the Revolution, 29–30
Museum of the Son My Massacre, 150
Musical scores, 117
Music videos, 151
My Lai massacre, 30, 141, 150, 177
Nabokov, Vladimir, 43
National Cemetery of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam, 37
Native Americans, 200
Native Speaker (Lee), 248–49
Necropolitical regimes, 158–59, 180
Nerakhoon (The Betrayal; film), 292–93
New Year Baby (film), 89
Ngo Dinh Diem, 105
Nguyen, Bich Minh, 213
Nguyen Cao Ky, 150
Nguyen, Hien Trong, 45
Nguyen Huy Thiep, 238–41, 280
Nguyen Ngoc Loan, 105
Nguyen Phu Cuong, 175
Nguyen, Phuong, 204
Nguyen Quang Sang, 119
Nguyen Qui Duc, 212
Nguyen Thi Hien, 185
Nguyen Van Lem, 105
Nguyen-Vo Thu-Huong, 194
Nhat Ky Dang Thuy Tram (The Diary of Dang Thuy Tram; Tram), 274–75
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 17, 103
Night of the Living Dead (film), 174
Nora, Pierre, 42
North Korea, 129
Novel without a Name (Huong), 61
Nussbaum, Martha, 273, 275–76
Obama, Barack, 56–59
O’Brien, Tim, 116, 225–26, 229, 233, 244, 247, 248
O’Connor, Flannery, 207
Ode to My Father (film), 145, 148–49
Okinawa Prefectural Peace Museum, 260–61
O moi xom (In Every Neighborhood; Sinh), 175, 177
Ondaatje, Michael, 276–77
Paco’s Story (Heinemann), 235–36
Page, Tim, 183
Palumbo-Liu, David, 211
Panama, 6
Panh, Rithy, 83, 84–88, 92–93, 97, 99–100, 255, 262
Papageorge, Tod, 231–32, 235, 263
Paradise of the Blind (Huong), 61
Paris Peace Accords, 26
Park, Jinim, 140
Peace movements, 265–66
Pelaud, Isabelle Thuy, 200
People’s Cemetery of Binh An, 35–39
Perfume Dreams: Reflections on the Vietnamese Diaspora (Lam), 205
Pham, Andrew X., 206, 212
Phan, Aimee, 206
Phan Thi Kim Phuc, 105
Phi, Bao, 217, 218
Philippine-American War: memory of, 5–6
Philippines, 251; American expansion in, 7
Phnom Penh, 83, 95
Photographers, 183–84
Photographs: of ancestors, 193–94; of death camp victims, 255; of Ho Chi Minh’s body, 158, 159; most famous, 105; as part of war machine, 105–6; powerful memory and, 262–63, 266–67; power of, 105, 108; as presence that invokes absence, 183–85; in shock of recognition, 112; of U.S. homeland during war, 231–32
Phrasavath, Thavisouk, 292
Poeuv, Socheata, 89
Pol Pot, 297–99