394 “In obedience to your orders”: Ibid.
394 In just one week: Ibid., 230.
394 The New York Times noted: New York Times, June 3, 1862.
CHAPTER 8 Triumph and Tragedy—Second Manassas and Sharpsburg
398 A further Federal “column”: Douglas Southall Freeman, Robert E. Lee: A Biography (New York: Scribner, 1934), Vol. 2, 258.
399 “from the West, where we have always seen”: David Herbert Donald, Lincoln (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995), 361.
400 Lincoln, who had appointed him: Ibid., 369.
400 Perhaps under the circumstances: Colonel Vincent J. Esposito, The West Point Atlas of American Wars, 1689–1900 (New York: Praeger, 1959), text accompanying map 55.
401 To his east McClellan’s army: Walter H. Taylor, Four Years with General Lee (New York: Appleton, 1878), 63.
401 Lee was thus caught: Ibid., 59.
402 He gave himself ten days: Esposito, The West Point Atlas of American Wars, text accompanying map 56.
402 Hill “was high spirited”: James Robertson, Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend (New York: Macmillan, 1997), 518.
403 “A. P. Hill you will find”: War of the Rebellion: Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (Wilmington, N.C.: National Historical Society, Broadfoot, 1971), 919.
403 “None of his Division commanders”: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 519.
404 “We cannot afford to be idle”: Jeffrey D. Wert, Cavalryman of the Lost Cause: A Biography of J. E. B. Stuart (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2008), 139.
405 At the same time Lee simplified: Taylor, Four Years with General Lee, 91.
406 “It required great confidence”: Ibid., 86.
406 “if practicable to Gordonsville”: Papers of the Military Historical Society of Massachusetts (Boston: Military Historical Society of Massachusetts, 1990), 402.
406 Typically, Lee urged Stuart: War of the Rebellion, Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XII, Part III (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1885), 916.
407 “headquarters in the grove”: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 519.
408 urged him to “turn the enemy’s position”: Gamaliel Bradford, Lee the American (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1929), 95.
408 He had already been warned: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 269.
409 Bit by bit, he began the process: Ibid., 271.
409 This time Jackson once again had: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 525.
410 “nightfall found the Confederate army”: Ibid.
411 On August 9 Jackson had his army: Ibid., 526.
411 At this moment Jackson: Ibid., 527.
411 By early afternoon the artillery dueclass="underline" Ibid., 531, 528.
412 Jackson knew that there was a moment: Robert Lewis Dabney, Life and Campaigns of Lieut. General Thomas J. Jackson (New York: Blelock, 1866), 500.
412 Undeterred, Jackson unfastened: Ibid., 501.
412 These may not have been: Ibid.
412 “his blood was up”: Ibid., 502.
413 “as if the troops were preparing”: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 538.
414 He and his staff: Emory Thomas, Robert E. Lee (New York: Norton, 1995), 250.
414 In her book about the Lee daughters: Mary P. Coulling, The Lee Girls (Winston-Salem, N.C.: Blair, 1987), 105.
415 “He was the same loving father”: Robert E. Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1924), 74.
415 Mrs. Lee cannot have been cheered: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 112, 105.
415 War had scarcely touched Hickory Hilclass="underline" Ibid., 206.
416 Lee himself was in favor: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 540–1.
416 groaning “most audibly”: Ibid., 541.
416 “it is all-important that our movement”: War of the Rebellion, Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XI, Part III (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1884), 676.
416 On the peninsula the terrain: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 279.
417 Pope had incautiously allowed: Ibid., 280.
418 Stuart had ordered: Ibid., 284; Wert, Cavalryman of the Lost Cause, 123–24.
419 Longstreet censured him: James Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1960), 159.
420 “clatter of hooves”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 284.
420 Lee and Longstreet rode together: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 131; Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 287, n35.
421 Early on the morning of August 20: Wert, Cavalryman of the Lost Cause, 126.
421 Stuart did not arrive at Cattlett’s Station: Ibid., 127–28.
421 Stuart cut telegraph lines: Ibid., 128.
422 “by rushing out the rear of his tent”: Reverend J. William Jones, Life and Letters of Robert E. Lee: Soldier and Man (New York: Neale, 1906), 192.
422 “I am sorry he is in such bad company”: Ibid.
422 The heavy rain raised: Wert, Cavalryman of the Lost Cause, 128.
423 “The army is not properly”: Robert E. Lee to Jefferson Davis, September 3, 1862, Papers of Jefferson Davis, Lynda Lasswell Crist, ed. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1995), Vol. 8, 373.
424 “Lee was no grand-strategist”: J. F. C. Fuller, Grant and Lee: A Study in Personality and Generalship (New York: Scribner, 1933), 126.
424 When Fuller writes: Jones, Life and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 118; Fuller, Grant and Lee, 97.
425 “lack of thunder”: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 125.
425 True, paperwork exhausted and irritated him: Walter Herron Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 1861–1865 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994), 25.
428 Their hostess, Mrs. Marshalclass="underline" A. L. Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee (New York: J. M. Stoddard, 1886), 116.
428 Other generals might have: Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 157–58.
429 Lee “would have been better off”: Ibid., 158.
429 On the other hand: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 116.
429 “they drank dry”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 309.
429 There was none, however: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 116.
430 Early the next morning: Ibid., 117; Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 309.
431 This began a day: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 554.
431 “bulging freight cars”: Ibid., 556.
431 Jackson moved his troops: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 507.
431 “If you are prompt”: Emory Upton, Military Policy of the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1917), 334.
432 Lee’s vanguard reached: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 117.
432 Longstreet, displaying a lyrical gift: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 141.
432 “this meal was partaken of”: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 117.
433 “a tactical error”: Ibid., 118.
433 It was odd that neither: Esposito, The West Point Atlas of American Wars, text accompanying map 60.
434 It was less than fifteen miles: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 559.
435 Hearing this, Jackson relaxed a bit: Ibid., 560.
435 He shook hands with the courier: Ibid.
436 As Brigadier General Rufus King’s Union division approached Groveton: Ibid., 561.
436 He got only about 6,000 men: Wikipedia, “Battle of Groveton,” 6.
437 a bloody “stalemate”: Ibid., 5.
437 “effusion of blood”: Grant to Lee, April 7, 1865, L. T. Remlap, Grant and His Desscriptive Account of His Tour Around the World (New York: Hurst, 1885), Vol. 1, 177.
437 “his ear to the ground”: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 563.
438 McClellan was in Washington: Stephen W. Sears, George B. McClellan: The Young Napoleon (New York: Ticknor and Fields, 1988), 252.
438 “that fool Pope”: Ibid., 253–54.
438 Jackson spent the night: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 564.
439 By 10 a.m. the Federal forces: Ibid., 565.
439 By midmorning on August 29: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 322.
439 He had already performed: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 164.
439 Lee rode forward to survey the scene: Thomas, Robert E. Lee, 253.