For an extensive collection of documentation concerning Nazi policy in Poland and toward the Jews, see Noakes and Pridham, eds., Nazism: A History, vol. 2, chaps. 35, 37. On demographic and academic experts and their role in shaping policy, see Burleigh, Germany Turns Eastwards; Aly and Heim, Vordenker der Vernichtung; Haar, Historiker im Nationalsozialismus; and Rössler and Schleiermacher, eds., Der “Generalplan Ost.”
37. Friedländer, Nazi Germany and the Jews, 2:16–17. For a detailed discussion of Goebbels’s project, see Hornshøj-Møller, “Der ewige Jude,” and “Der ewige Jude.”
38. TBJG, 17, 29 October 1939; Hornshøj-Møller, “Der ewige Jude,” 66–68; Browning, The Origins of the Final Solution, 46; Friedländer, Nazi Germany and the Jews, 2:16–24; Kershaw, Hitler: Nemesis, 249. Hornshøj-Møller also notes the probable enhanced impact of the ritual slaughter scene on Hitler since he was a confirmed vegetarian.
39. TBJG, 2–3, 19 November, 5 December 1939; Hornshøj-Møller, “Der ewige Jude,” 66–68; Browning, The Origins of the Final Solution, 46; Friedländer, Nazi Germany and the Jews, 2:16–24; Kershaw, Hitler: Nemesis, 249.
40. Browning, The Origins of the Final Solution, 68.
41. Heinrich Himmler, “Reflections on the Treatment of Peoples of Alien Races in the East,” doc. NO-1880, Prosecution Exhibit 1314, Nuremberg Trial Documents, reproduced and translated in Bauer, A History of the Holocaust, 383–85. Browning (The Origins of the Final Solution, 68–70) also translates parts of it.
42. Browning, The Origins of the Final Solution, 81–101; Kershaw, Hitler: Nemesis, 320–25. For a detailed discussion of the Madagascar Plan, see Brechtken, “Madagaskar für die Juden”; Jansen, Der Madagaskar-Plan; Yahil, “Madagascar,” 315–34.
43. TBJG, 26 July, 17 August 1940.
44. Halder, War Diary, 28 August, 27 September 1939, 37, 62–66; Hitler quoted in Groscurth, Tagebücher, 385 (21 October 1939), 414 (23 November 1939); TBJG, 14, 17 November, 29 December 1939, 13, 25 January 1940; Frieser, The Blitzkrieg Legend, 20, 60–63; Förster, “Hitler’s Decision,” 19; Ueberschär, “Hitlers Entschluß,” 91–92; Tooze, The Wages of Destruction, 373.
45. Frieser, The Blitzkrieg Legend, 21–54; Tooze, The Wages of Destruction, 326–67.
46. Frieser, The Blitzkrieg Legend, 55–59; Groscurth, Tagebücher, 223; Tooze, The Wages of Destruction, 326–67.
47. Frieser, The Blitzkrieg Legend, 60–99, 320–53; Murray, The Change in the European Balance of Power, 326–32, 361; Reynolds, “1940,” 326–27.
48. Tooze, The Wages of Destruction, 383–92, 411–20; Müller, “Economic Alliance,” 118–36; Aly and Heim, Architects of Annihilation, 234–35.
49. Tooze, The Wages of Destruction, 383–92, 411–20; Müller, “Economic Alliance,” 118–36. See also Harrison, ed., The Economics of World War II; Milward, The New Order and the French Economy; Overy, Otto, and Houwink ten Cate, eds., Die “Neuordnung” Europas; and Müller, “The Mobilization of the German Economy,” 564–603, 711.
50. Reynolds, “1940,” 328; Tooze, The Wages of Destruction, 396–97.
2. Decision
1. TBJG, 7 July 1940; Kershaw, Hitler: Nemesis, 300–301, and Fateful Choices, 65–66.
2. TBJG, 9 June 1940 (quote). On America and the Jewish press, see ibid., 16, 23, 26, 28 May, 2, 7, 11–13, 20, 22 June, 6, 18, 23 July, 5 September 1940.
3. Ibid., 30–31 May, 16 (quote) June 1940. On fears of the Soviet Union, see ibid., 17–18, 28, 29 June, 4, 5 (quote), 11, 19, 23 (quote) July 1940. For the rest, see ibid., 11–12 January, 28–29 June, 5–6, 8–9, 20–21 July, 31 August 1940.
4. Ibid., 30, 31 (quote) May, 2 (quote), 3 (quote), 9, 16, 25, 27, 29 (quote) June, 3 (quote) July 1940; Kershaw, Hitler: Nemesis, 298, 300.
5. TBJG, 7, 9 (quote), 12, 16–17 July 1940.
6. Halder, War Diary, 13 July 1940, 227.
7. Kershaw, Hitler: Nemesis, 300–303; Halder, War Diary, 13 July 1940, 227; Tooze, The Wages of Destruction, 397–400; Weinberg, A World at Arms, 117–18.
8. Kershaw, Hitler: Nemesis, 303–4; Leach, German Strategy against Russia, 57; TBJG, 20 July 1940; Shirer, Berlin Diary, 19 July 1940, 452–57.
9. Kershaw, Hitler: Nemesis, 304; Citino, Death of the Wehrmacht, 32–34; Shirer, Berlin Diary, 20 July 1940, 457; TBJG, 21 July 1940.
10. TBJG, 14, 17 November, 29 December 1939, 13, 25 January, 21 April 1940; Ueberschär, “Hitlers Entschluß,” 91–95; Groscurth, Tagebücher, 385 (21 October 1939), 414 (23 November 1939); Below, Als Hitlers Adjutant, 217; Halder, War Diary, 11 January 1940, 85–86; Speer, Inside the Third Reich, 173.
11. Leach, German Strategy against Russia, 53–57; Klink, “Military Concept,” 228–29; Halder, War Diary, 26–27, 30 June, 1, 3 July 1940, 217–21; Koch, “Hitler’s ‘Programme,’” 896–98.
12. Halder, War Diary, 25, 30 June, 3, 11, 13 July 1940, 217–27; Förster, “Hitler’s Decision,” 18–19; Klink, “Military Concept,” 241–51; Koch, “Hitler’s ‘Programme,’” 897–98.
13. Förster, “Hitler Turns East,” 117; Klink, “Military Concept,” 240–45; Halder, War Diary, 18, 22–23, 25 June, 3–4 July 1940, 209–22; Hitler quoted in Koch, “Hitler’s ‘Programme,’” 896–97.
14. Halder, War Diary, 22 July 1940, 229–33.
15. Ibid.; Förster, “Hitler’s Decision,” 21–22; Klink, “Military Concept,” 251–53; Koch, “Hitler’s ‘Programme,’” 903–4; Leach, German Strategy against Russia, 58; Ueberschär, “Hitlers Entschluß,” 96–97.
16. Leach, German Strategy against Russia, 60–61, 64; Halder, War Diary, 22, 30 July 1940, 232, 240–41; Warlimont, Inside Hitler’s Headquarters, 112.
17. Ueberschär, “Hitlers Entschluß,” 96–97; Förster, “Hitler’s Decision,” 15, 21–27, and “Hitler Turns East,” 118; Kershaw, Fateful Choices, 66, 208–20; Tooze, The Wages of Destruction, 402–3; Herf, The Jewish Enemy, 77–91; Shirer, Berlin Diary, 20 July 1940, 457–58.
18. Ueberschär, “Hitlers Entschluß,” 97; Förster, “Hitler Turns East,” 118; Kershaw, Fateful Choices, 69, 78, 232; TBJG, 14 March 1941.