5:3, 159
5:9, 110
5:20, 192
6:3–4, 140
7:8–9, 191
7:15–20, 191
8, 110
8:9–11, 118, 140
8:10, 140
8:11, 140
8:14, 191
8:15–16, 143
8:15–17, 117
8:17, 13, 117, 202
8:17–18, 114
8:18, 159
8:19, 116, 126
8:21, 14, 116, 128
8:23, 118
8:28, 159, 173
8:29, 12, 116
8:29–30, 113
8:34, 158
8:38, 124
9–11, 207
9:4, 92
10:4, 183
10:9–11, 142
11:1, 98
11:2–4, 98
11:2–5, 95
11:7–12, 99
11:13, 100
11:13–15, 104
11:17, 99
11:25, 105, 255
11:29, 98
13:1–2, 174
13:7, 174
13:10, 256
14:5–9, 207
15:8–9, 18, 101
15:12, 101
15:16, 102
15:18, 103
15:23–29, 105
15:25–29, 231
16:1–16, 206
16:4–5, 206
16:16, 258
16:20, 124, 158, 167
16:25, 4, 108, 111, 255
16:25–26, 101
16:26, 102
justification teachings in, 110
Rome, Paul’s mission in, 206–7
Sadducees, 58, 246
St. Peter’s Basilica, 242
St. Peter’s Square, Rome, 203, 204
Salome, 77
salvation:
Christian belief about, xv, 25
James’ writing on, 43
Paul’s belief about, 91, 101, 109–10, 113–18, 121, 125–28, 133, 181–82
Samuel, 53
1 Samueclass="underline"
9:21, 232
28:8–15, 53
Sanhedrin, 37
Satan, Paul’s view of, 112, 124, 158, 159, 195, 231
Saul, King, 53
Schonfield, Hugh, 70
Schweitzer, Albert, 106, 160, 256, 263
Second Apocalypse of James, 50.15–22, 37
“Sermon on the Mount,” 41, 44
“Sermon on the Plain,” 41, 44
Severus, Septimius, 253
sexuality:
Greek views of, 161, 170
Jewish view of, 161, 162, 165–66, 170, 187, 188
Paul’s views on, 160–71, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190–91, 259, 260
Shammai, 254
Shanks, Hershel, 25, 246
Sheol, 53, 54, 57, 58, 59, 250
Similitudes of Enoch, 94
Simon, 223
Simon of Perea, 66–67, 243
sin, 192
sin, forgiveness of:
of cosmic family, 114
Hebrew understanding of, 43
Jesus’ teaching on, 43, 46
Paul’s teaching on, 24, 109, 110, 114
Sinai, Mount, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98
Sixtus V, Pope, 204
slavery, 171–75
Paul’s views on, 171, 172–75
in Roman Empire, 171–72
Smyrneans, 7, 154
Socrates, 51
souclass="underline"
Greek view of, 50–52, 59, 60
Paul’s view of, 60
Southern, Paul, 241
spiritual body:
baptismal signification of, 144
of Christ, 11, 12, 14, 88, 115
creation of, 12–13, 118
Jesus movement’s understanding of, 58, 59
mystical union with, 14
Paul’s understanding of, 11, 12–13, 60, 62–63, 64, 106, 113, 115–16, 118, 140–41, 250–51
spiritual gifts, 143–44, 146, 152, 165
Stephen, 232
Stoics, 61, 134
Strauss, David, 264
Suetonius, 207
Swoon Theory, 70
Symmachians, 223
Tacitus, 262–63
Talmud, 261
Tarsus, 232, 233
Tertullian, 70
theophagy, 150
1 Thessalonians, 9, 71, 216, 227, 233–234, 244
1:9b-10, 183
1:10, 127, 234
2:7–8, 196
2:9, 10, 231
2:11–12, 196
2:19, 234
3:13, 234
4:6, 170
4:8, 197
4:13, 106
4:13–18, 234
4:14, 254
4:15–17, 115
4:16, 125
4:16b-17, 106
4:17, 105
5:1–5, 234
5:2–3, 127
5:9, 110
5:9–10, 127
5:23, 155, 234
5:26, 258
ethical instructions in, 196, 197
2 Thessalonians, 7, 228, 229, 244
2:1–3, 229
2:15, 229
3:6–15, 229
Theudas, 243
Things Unutterable (Tabor), xvii
Thomas, 79, 85
Thucydides, 264
Tiberius, 171
1 Timothy, 7, 209, 228, 244, 254
2:1–4, 229
2:11–14, 166
2:14–15, 167
3:1–13, 229
4:14, 258
5:1–16, 229
5:17–19, 229
6:6–10, 229
women in, 166, 167
2 Timothy, 7, 209, 228, 244, 254
1:6, 258
2:9, 259
4:6–8, 262
4:11, 8
4:16, 19
Tiro, 172
Titus, 7, 209, 228, 244, 254
1:5–9, 229
3:1, 229
Titus (Roman emperor), 247
Toledot Yeshu, The, 251
Torah:
James’ adherence to, 40, 209, 212
Jewish emphasis on, 96–97, 179, 180, 184, 215, 223
Moses’ revelation of, 92, 96
Paul’s replacement of, 16, 17, 96, 97, 133, 152, 175, 182, 183, 192, 201, 202, 210–11, 214–15, 216, 223
renewal of, 99
scholarship of, 254
sin in, 192
women in, 165
Torah of Christ, 16–17, 96, 97, 100, 176–202, 211
adherence to, 184–200
as internal moral battle, 190
Paul’s authority in, 194–200
Paul’s written references to, 189–90
spiritual focus of, 202
Trajan, 156
Transjordan, 223
Trobisch, David, 249
Trypho, 88
Vermes, Geza, 70–71
Vespasian, 59, 222, 247
Vettii, House of the, 172
Western civilization, Paul’s influence on, xvii
“What the Bible Really Says About Death, Afterlife, and the Future” (Tabor), 50
Wills, Garry, 259
Wisdom of Solomon, 13:1, 9, 186
women:
in Pauline Christianity, 152, 162, 163, 164, 165, 260
Paul’s view of, 161–63, 164, 165–67, 259, 260
and spiritual gifts, 165
in Torah, 165
Wright, N. T., 250
Yahweh, 46, 103, 182, 255
manifestations of, 134, 257
Paul’s assertions about, 133–35
“Year of Saint Paul,” 242
Zealots, 246
Zechariah, 46
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Tabor, James D., date.
Paul and Jesus : how the Apostle transformed Christianity / James D. Tabor.—1st Simon & Schuster hardcover ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index.