The questions raised by Thomas Kuhn are taken up in Larry Laudan, Progress and Its Problems: Toward a Theory of Scientific Growth (1977); and Philip Kitcher, The Advancement of Science: Science Without Legend, Objectivity Without Illusions (1993). The latter book also responds to the more radical sociohistorical perspective offered in David Bloor, Knowledge and Social Imagery, 2nd ed. (1991); and Steven Shapin and Simon Schaffer, Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life (1985). David Papineau (ed.), Philosophy of Science (1996), is a collection of major articles on scientific realism. The disunity of science
Challenges to logical empiricist ideas about the unity of science are mounted in Nancy Cartwright, The Dappled World: A Study of the Boundaries of Science (1999); and John Dupré, The Disorder of Things: Metaphysical Foundations of the Disunity of Science (1993). Science and society
Social aspects of scientific inquiry are discussed in Helen E. Longino, Science as Social Knowledge: Values and Objectivity in Scientific Inquiry (1990), and The Fate of Knowledge (2002). A different perspective on this topic, much neglected in traditional philosophy of science, is given in Philip Kitcher, Science, Truth, and Democracy (2001). Philip S. Kitcher