It was discovered long ago that these two above-mentioned
anomalies – hemophilia and color blindness - are inherited by
means of a gene located in the X chromosome, and tracking
their transmission through many generations is not difficult.
Geneticists have similarly studied the inheritance of many
other features of human organisms, but they have paid scant
attention to the anomalies interesting us here. Many features of
human character have a hereditary bases in genes located in the
same X chromosome; although it is not a rule. Something simi-
lar could apply to the majority of the psychological anomalies
to be discussed below.
Significant progress has recently been made in cognition of
a series of chromosomal anomalies resulting from defective
division of the reproductive cells and their phenotypic psycho-
logical symptoms. This state of affairs enables us to initiate
studies on their ponerogenetic role and to introduce conclu-
sions which are theoretically valuable, something which is in
effect already being done. In practice, however, the majority of
chromosomal anomalies are not transferred to the next genera-
tion; furthermore, their carriers constitute a very small propor-
tion of the population at large, and their general intelligence is
lower than the social average, so their ponerological role is
even smaller than their statistical distribution. Most problems
are caused by the XYY karyotype47 which produces men who
are tall, strong, and emotionally violent, with an inclination to
collide with the law. These engendered tests and discussions,
but their role at the level studied herein is also very small.
47 Sandberg, A. A.; Koepf, G. F.; Ishihara, T.; Hauschka, T. S. (August 26,
1961) “An XYY human male”. Lancet 2, 488-9.
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Much more numerous are those psychological deviations
which play a correspondingly greater role as pathological fac-
tors in the ponerological processes; they are most probably
transmitted through normal heredity. However, this realm of
genetics in particular is faced with manifold biological and
psychological difficulties as far as recognizing these phenom-
ena. People studying their psychopathology lack biological
isolation criteria. Biologists lack clear psychological differen-
tiation of such phenomena which would permit studies of he-
redity mechanics and some other properties.
At the time most of the observations on which this book is
based were being done, the works of many researchers who
have since shed light upon many aspects of the matters dis-
cussed herein, during the latter half of the sixties, were either
nonexistent or unavailable. Scientists studying the phenomena
described below were hacking their way through a thicket of
symptoms based on previous works and on their own efforts.
An understanding of the essence of some of these hereditary
anomalies and their ponerogenic role proved a necessary pre-
condition for reaching the primary goal. Results were gleaned
which served as a basis for further reasoning. For the sake of
the overall picture, and because the manner elaborated also
brings in certain theoretical values, I decided to retain the
methodology of description for such anomalies which emerged
from my own work and from that of others at the time.
Numerous scientists during the above-mentioned fertile era,
and some subsequent scientists, such as R. Jenkins, H.
Cleckley, S.K. Ehrlich, K.C. Gray, H.C. Hutchison, F. Kraupl
Taylor, and others did cast more stereoscopic light upon the
matter. They were clinicians, concentrating their attention upon
the more demonstrative cases which play a lesser role in the
processes of the genesis of evil, in accordance with the above-
mentioned general rule of ponerology. We therefore need to
differentiate those analogic states which are less intense or
contain less of a psychological deficit. Equally valuable for
ponerology are inquiries concerning the nature of the phenom-
ena under discussion, which facilitate differentiation of their
essence and analysis of their role as pathological factors in the
genesis of evil.
POLITICAL PONEROLOGY
123
~~~
Schizoidia: Schizoidia, or schizoidal psychopathy, was iso-
lated by the very first of the famous creators of modern psy-
chiatry.48 From the beginning, it was treated as a lighter form
of the same hereditary taint which is the cause of susceptibility
to schizophrenia. However, this latter connection could neither
be confirmed nor denied with the help of statistical analysis,
and no biological test was then found which would have been
able to solve this dilemma. For practical reasons, we shall dis-
cuss schizoidia with no further reference to this traditional
relationship.
Literature provides us with descriptions of several varieties
of this anomaly, whose existence can be attributed either to
changes in the genetic factor or to differences in other individ-
ual characteristics of a non-pathological nature. Let us thus
sketch these sub-species’ common features.
Carriers of this anomaly are hypersensitive and distrustful,
while, at the same time, pay little attention to the feelings of
others. They tend to assume extreme positions, and are eager to
retaliate for minor offenses. Sometimes they are eccentric and
odd. Their poor sense of psychological situation and reality
leads them to superimpose erroneous, pejorative interpretations
upon other people’s intentions. They easily become involved in
activities which are ostensibly moral, but which actually inflict
48 Emil Kraepelin (1856- 1926): German psychiatrist who attempted to create
a synthesis of the hundreds of mental disorders, grouping diseases together
based on classification of common patterns of symptoms, rather than by
simple similarity of major symptoms in the manner of his predecessors. In
fact, it was precisely because of the demonstrated inadequacy of the older
methods that Kraepelin developed his new diagnostic system. Kraepelin also
demonstrated specific patterns in the genetics of these disorders and specific
and characteristic patterns in their course and outcome. Generally speaking,
there tend to be more schizophrenics among the relatives of schizophrenic
patients than in the general population, while manic-depression is more fre-
quent in the relatives of manic-depressives. Kraepelin should be credited with
being the founder of modern scientific psychiatry, psychopharmacology and
psychiatric genetics, according to the eminent psychologist H. J. Eysenck in
his Encyclopedia of Psychology. Kraepelin postulated that psychiatric dis-
eases are principally caused by biological and genetic disorders. His psychiat-
ric theories dominated the field of psychiatry at the beginning of the twenti-
eth century. He vigorously opposed the approach of Freud who regarded and
treated psychiatric disorders as caused by psychological factors. (Wikipedia)
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damage upon themselves and others. Their impoverished psy-