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AGS: 1 p 454.

E. S. Shumigorsky, Imperator Pavel i zhizn i tsartsvovaniye p 23. G. Derzhavin, Sochineniya vol 5 Zapiski p 498.

SIRIO 6: 74-6, 22 July 1774.

RGADA 5.85.1.3/3.

XVIII Century book 1 (1868) p 112.

SIRIO 6: 88-9, Count N. I. Panin to Count P. I. Panin ud.

SIRIO 6: 74-6, N. I. Panin to P. I. Panin 22 June 1774. SIRIO 6: 86-9, N. I. Panin to P. I. Panin. RGADA 1274 Paniny-Bludovy op 1.3.3383, GAP to P. I. Panin.

SIRIO 13: 421, 29 July 1774. SIRIO 13: 427-8. SIRIO 6: 81, 29 July 1774.

Dubrovin, Pugachev vol 3 p 254.

RS (1870) October p 410.

Pugachevshchina (iz arkhiva P. I. Panina) p 39, GAP to P. I. Panin 4 October 1774.

Alexander, Autocratic Politics p 195.

V. V. Mavrodin, Krestyanskaya voyna v Rossiya vol 3 p 403. Madariaga, Russia pp 265-6. Alexander, Autocratic Politics.

SIRIO 13: 446-7.

Alexander, Autocratic Politics pp 184-6.

SIRIO 6: 117, P. I. Panin to CII.

Mavrodin vol 3 p 434.

Madariaga, Russia p 266.

RGADA 5.85.3.80, CII to GAP 13 October 1774.

Madariaga, Russia p 268. Philip Longworth, The Cossacks p 222.

CII to P. S. Potemkin 27 September 1774, quoted in Alexander, Autocratic Politics Р 197.

RGADA 5.85.1.164, L 50. RGADA 5.85.1.189, L 50. RGADA 5.85.1.228, L 50. GARF 728.416.41, L 52. Alexander, Autocratic Politics p 203. Lettres d'amour de Catherine II a Potemkine, ed Georges Ourrard pp 123, 128.

Mavrodin vol 3 p 42. SIRIO 23: 11, CII to Grimm 21 December 1774.

Dimsdale September 1781. Bolotov vol 3 p 192, quoted in Alexander, Autocratic Politics p 211.

RGADA 5.85.1.254, L 34.

CHAPTER 9: MARRIAGE: MADAME POTEMKIN

RGADA 1.1/1.54.114, L 31, CII to GAP ud, Tsarskoe Selo.

KFZ p 281, 8 June 1774.

This account of the marriage is based on the KFZ of 8 June 1774; on the research of V. S. Lopatin, Ekaterina II i G. A. Potemkin, lichnaya perepiska pp 31-3 and 513-15, and О. I. Yeliseeva, Perepiska Ekateriny II i G. A. Potemkina p 28; and on P. B. Bartenev, 'On Catherine and Potemkin's Marriage: A Book of Notes of the Russkiy Arkhiv', RA (1906) 2 p 613, which uses the accounts of Count D. N. Bludov on Countess A. V. Branicka, Prince and Princess M. S. and E. K. Vorontsov (see Epilogue); Count A. G. Stroganov on Princess E. K. Vorontsova; the Notes of Prince F. N. Golitsyn; Count A. A. Bobrinsky on Count A. N. Samoilov; and Count V. P. Orlov-Davydov on Count A. N. Samoilov.

Author's visit to St Petersburg 1998.

Coxevol2p88.

RA (1906) 2 p 613. Bartenev's account: this story was told by Count A. A. Bobrinsky, Samoilov's grandson.

Castera vol 3 p 90.

RP 2.1 p 8.

See note 3 above.

RGADA 5.85.1.362, L 72. RGADA 1.1/1.54.30, L 74.

RGADA 5.85.1.271, L 32, CII to GAP.

RGADA 5.85.1.238, L 49.

RGADA 1.1/1.54.42, L 18, CII to GAP ud.

M. Kukiel, Czartoryski and European Unity 1770-1861 pp 17-18.

RGADA 5.85.1.267,1.94.

Castera vol 3 p 90.

Comte de Segur 21 December 1787, quoted in Waliszewski, Autour d'un trone vol 1 p 89. In vol 2 of his Memoires (1826), Segur wrote that it was generally accepted that there had been a secret marriage, 'a secret of another kind and more indissoluble bound them to each other'. When he passed through Vienna on his way home, he discussed this mystery with Joseph II.

Louis X VI and the Comte de Vergennes: correspondence ed J. Hardman and M. Price p 162. Louis XVI to comte de Vergennes ud, received 5 October 1774.

PRO FO vol 15 Robert Keith 19 October 1782, quoted in Harold Temperley Frederick the Great and Kaiser Joseph p 224.

PRO FO Secretary of State: State Papers, Foreign, cyphers SP106/67 no 33» Sir Charles Whitworth to Lord Grenville 1 July 1791.

Prince de Ligne, Melanges militaries, litter aires et sentimentaires vol 24 p 181, Prince de Ligne to Prince Kaunitz 15 December 1788, Jassy.

RGADA 1.1/1.54.42, L 18.

RGADA 5.85.1.359, L 37, CII to GAP ud.

BM Egerton MSS 2706 Sir Robert Gunning to Earl of Suffolk 19 August 1774. Also SIRIO 19 (1876).

Bartenev,'On Catherine', p 616.

RGADA 1.1/1.54.103, L 67. RGADA 5.85.1.41, L 68. RGADA 5.85.1.166, L 68. GARF 728.1.416.22, L 69, CII to GAP.

SIRIO 23: 13, CII to Baron F. M. Grimm.

RGADA 1.1/1.54.119, L 80, CII to GAP. GARF 728.1.416.27, L 80.

The best accounts of Princess Tarakanova are the despatches of Sir William Hamilton to the Earl of Rochford on 4 January NS 1775 3° May NS 1775 BM Egerton MSS 2636 ff 104, 108, no and 124, quoted in Brian Fothergill, Sir William Hamilton, Envoy Extraordinary pp 157-62. See also Gunning-Suffolk cor­respondence on Tarakanova in SIRIO 19: 460-2, June 1775, Moscow.

SIRIO 1: 105. RP 4: 1 p 109.

Russkaya beseda 1858 vol 6 p 73. SIRIO 19: 461, Suffolk to Gunning 26 May 1775-

SIRIO 19: 461, Suffolk to Gunning 26 May 1775. RGADA 1.1/1.54.66, L 67, CII to GAP. RGADA 1.1/1.54.97, L 70, CII to GAP. Waliszewski, Autour d'un trone vol 2 pp 104-14; Count Alexei Orlov to GAP, RA (1875) 2 no 5 p 6. SIRIO 1: 105 and 169-96. Anisimov, Empress Elisabeth p 201. SIRIO 19: 466-7, Gunning to Suffolk 19/30 June 1775, Moscow.

RP 4: 1 p 109. SIRIO 1: 170-93.

RGADA 5.85.1.259.

AKV 8: 1-38, S. R. Vorontsov to F. Rostopchin 18/29 November 1796.

Bolotov vol 3 pp 208-13.

RGADA 1.1/1.54.137, L 76.

SIRIO 19 (1876): 470, Gunning to Suffolk 13/24 July 1775, Moscow. SIRIO 23: 4, CII to Grimm 3 August 1774, St Petersburg.

RGADA 5.85.1.362,1.72.

Bolotov vol 3 pp 207-24; A. Travin, Zapiski, Pskov 1894 PP 25-I29; G. Vinsky, Мое Vremya, p 147, all quoted in Dimitri Shvidkovsky, Empress and Architect pp 192-3. SIRIO 27 (1880): 47, CII to Madame Bielke 24 July 1775.

Louis XVI - Comte de Vergennes correspondance p 162, Louis XVI to Comte de Vergennes ud, received 5 October 1774.

On the theory that Temkina was Catherine's daughter: see Т. V. Alexeeva, Vladimir Lukich Borovikovsky i russkaya kultura na rubezhe 18-19 vekov and also V. S. Lopatin, Perepiska 638-9. The portrait of Elisaveta Grigorevna Temkina by V. L. Borovikovsky (1798) hangs in the Tretyakov Museum in Moscow. Plain and ungainly, she does bear some resemblance to GAP's old mother Daria. But she was not an heir of GAP's, and this author has not found one reference to her in any of GAP's correspondence. No one mentions her at all until much later. Since GAP as far as we know had no other reputed children, it is possible he was infertile. Another theory is that Temkina was the daughter of another Potemkin, such as Pavel or Mikhail but then why her patronymic? Temkina later married I. X. Kalageorgi, a Greek in Russian service, who served as governor of GAP's first city, Kherson. On attitudes to illegitimate children: Anisimov, Empress Elisabeth p 201. Also GAP's nephew Vasily Engelhardt, who never married, fathered five bastards with various mistresses and all were legitimized as noblemen and Engelhardts.