Harris pp 179, 180, H to Suffolk 28 August/8 September, 14/25 September, 10/21 August, 20/31 December 1778. Harris p 195, 29 January/9 February 1779.
Harris p 179, H to Suffolk 14/25 September 1778.
Harris p 224, H to Viscount Weymouth 9/20 September 1779.
RA (1911) 6 pp 190-4, Corberon. RGADA 10.3.467.3, CII to Korsakov 10 October 1779; Harris to Weymouth 11/22 October 1779.
RGADA 5.85.1.370, L 8, and RGADA 1.1/1.54.63, L 8, CII to GAP ud, but dated by Lopartin as before 14 and 18 February 1774 respectively. Francois Rib- adeau Dumas, Cagliostro pp 13-83, and W. R. H. Trowbridge, Cagliostro: The Splendour and Misery of a Master of Magic pp 1-154.
Pole Carew CO/R/3/195, unpublished. Harris pp 434-40, H to Weymouth 11/22 October 1779, H to Charles James Fox 9/20 May 1782. Also Dimsdale p 57, 27 August 1781. AKV 13: 163/4, A. A. Bezborodko to S. R. Vorontsov 5 July 1789.
Harris, H to Weymouth 11/22 October 1779.
Harris p 366, H to Viscount Stormont 14/25 May 1781.
Shcherbatov pp 245, 241, 119. Alexander, CtG pp 201-26, and Madariaga, Russia PP 343-58.
Parkinson p 49. George Macartney's 'Commentary on Russia in 1786', Macartney Papers, Osborne Collection, Beinecke Library, Yale University, quoted in Alexander, CtG p 215.
Ligne, Fragments 1, 275.
Corberon vol 2 pp 137-8. Segur, Memoires vol 3 18. RGADA 1.85.1.209, L 10, CII to GAP 1774. Khrapovitsky p 13. It was said that Semyon Fyodorovich Uvarov, another Guards officer, enjoyed a short affair with Catherine just before her relationship with Yermolov after Lanskoy's death and that he became a favourite of Prince Potemkin, who enjoyed his playing of the bandore, an ancient stringed instrument, and his skill at dancing the prisiadka. He received no reward other than a respectable career in the Guards. His son S. S. Uvarov became minister of education under Nicholas I and an enemy of A. S. Pushkin. See Serena Vitale, Pushkin's Button P ИЗ-
SIRIO 27(1880): 130-1, GAP ukase about the post of aide-de-camp to the Empress 16 June 1776.
Saint-Jean ch 6 pp 40-8.
AVPRI 2.2/83.20.94, L 124 GAP to CII and CII to GAP 27 May 1777.
GIM OPI 197.1.1.152, L 124, CII to GAP ud.
RGADA 5.85.1.334, L 124, CII to GAP ud.
Saint-Jean ch 2 pp 12-21.
Corberon vol 2 p 154, 19 June 1776.
Harris pp 430, 528, H to Stormont 25 March/5 April 1782.
Engelhardt 1868 p 49.
Khrapovitsky p 254-A. D.-Mamonov'prison' 1789 RS (1876) 15 p 16, Garnovsky V. S. to Popov December 1786.
Engelhardt 1868 p 46.
RS (1876) 16 p 406, CII to N. I. Saltykov July 1789, quoted in Garnovsky to V. S. Popov.
AGAD 172: 79, GAP to SA 25 September 1779, St Petersburg, unpublished. RGADA 11.914. A. D. Lanskoy to GAP 3 April 1784. RGADA n.914, Lanskoy to GAP 29 September 1783. RGADA 11.914 Lanskoy to GAP ud.
Count J. E. von der Goertz, Memoire sur la Russie section 3 p 43. In Segur's Memoires (1826) vol 2 p 344, Count Mamonov, who was Catherine's favourite in the late 1780s, told Segur that Catherine would be angry if he 'meddled' in government business.
Damas p 97.
Harris p 210, H to Weymouth 7/18 August 1779.
Harris p 366, H to Stormont 7/18 May 1781.
Saint-Jean ch 2 pp 12-21. B&F vol 1 p 17, Cobenzl to JII 5 May 1780.
Harris to Weymouth 11/22 October 1779.
CHAPTER 12 HIS NIECES
RGADA 11.1.9496.595, V. A. Engelhardt to GAP 5 July 1775. RGADA 5.85.1.161, L 76, CII to GAP.
RA (1877) 1 p 479, Ribeaupierre.
AKV 11: 361, S. R. Vorontsov to Count Kochubey ud, 1802.
Wiegel, Zapiski p 43.
Wiegel, Zapiski p 43/4.
Segur, Memoires 1826 vol 2 p 225.
RGADA 1.1/1.43.118, L 116, CII to GAP ud.
RS (1875) March 5190520, CII to GAP ud.
Correspondence between GAP and Varvara Engelhardt 1777 and 1779 in Semevsky, Prince G. A. Potemkin-Tavrichesky pp 512-22. Harris p 180, H to Earl of Suffolk 14/25 September 1778. See also N. Y. Bolotina, Ties of Relationship between Prince G. A. Potemkin and the Family of the Princes Golitsyn, at Conference of Golitsyn Studies, edited in Bolshiye vyazemy. Also Varvara Golitsyna in Russkiy Biog- raphicheskiy Slovar (1916) vol 5 and her entries in RP. On Daria Potemkina: RP5.221.
Kukiel pp 17-18.
Harris p 224, H to Viscount Weymouth 9/20 September 1779. PRO FO Secretary of State: State Papers, Foreign, cyphers SP103/63, Alleyne Fitzherbert Lord St Helens to Charles James Fox 26 April 1783.
B&F vol 1 p 139. Cobenzl to JII 19 March 1781.
Marquis d'Aragon, Un Paladin au XVIII siecle. Le Prince Charles de Nassau- Siegen p 133, Nassau-Siegen (N-S) to wife February 1787. Vigee Lebrun vol 1 pp 192-4.
Prince Yury Dolgoruky's memoirs quoted in RP 1:1 p 30.
RGADA 1.1/1.54.26, L 116.
Corberon vol 2 p 371, 24 September 1780; p 377, 27 September 1780; p 384, 2 October 1780. B&F vol 1 p 13, Cobenzl to JII 13 December 1780.
Harris pp 181, 185, H to Suffolk 21 September/2 October and 5/16 October 1778.
RGADA 11.858.6, 3 June 1785; RGADA 11.858.5, 8 April 1784; RGADA 11.858.4, 29 March 1784; RGADA 11.858.3, 14 March 1784; all Tatiana Engelhardt to GAP, all unpublished. Corberon vol 2 p 363, 17 September 1780. RP 1:1 p 10 and 4:2 p 206.
RGADA 11.858.4, Tatiana Engelhardt to GAP 29 March 1784, unpublished.
RGADA 11.914, A. D. Lanskoy to GAP.
Many of these incest stories were simply the legends of enemies. The Habsburgs however did marry their nieces on several occasions - with papal dispensation. For example, Philip II of Spain's fourth wife was his niece. See also Derek Beales, Joseph II p 20. The Regent, the Due d'Orleans, story is unproven but is told in Christine Pevitt, The Man Who Would Be King: The Life of Philippe d'Orleans, Regent of France p 249. The Augustus the Strong story was widely believed; it is unproven, though in the moral quagmire of his court it was quite possible: Nancy Mitford, Frederick the Great p 35 and David Fraser, Frederick the Great, p 22, p 42. The Voltaire correspondence, including the letters to Madame Denis, was edited by Theodore Besterman.
RS (1875) 12 pp 681, 682, 683, 684, letters of unknown woman to GAP. (Also: RGADA-11).
chapter 13: duchesses, diplomats and charlatans
SIRIO 23 (1878): 571, CII to Baron F. M. Grimm August 1792.
This account of the Duchess of Kingston is based on the following: Isobel Grundy, Lady Mary Worthy Montagu: Comet of the Enlightenment, pp 1-10, 526. Corberon vol 2 p 179, 22 September 1777. RGVIA 52.33.539, Samuel Bentham to his father. 17 May 1780, St Petersburg. RGADA 39.33.539, 8 April 1780. BM 120.33555, 8 April 1780. Elizabeth Mavor, Virgin Mistress: The Life of the Duchess of Kingston pp 157, 175, 184. Anthony Cross, 'Duchess of Kingston in Russia' p 390. Anthony Cross, By the Banks of the Neva pp 363-7. Waliszewski, Autour d'un trone vol 1 p 95. Т. H. White, The Age of Scandal pp 147-9. Prince Felix Yusupov, Lost Splendour pp 6-9.
Author's visit to the Hermitage 1998.
The Northern Hero: The Life of Major S—le The Celebrated Swindler', British Library 1493 Г35, 1786. James George Semple in The Dictionary of National