(continues on page 26)
CORRELATIVE ADJECTIVES, PRONOUNS AND ADVERBS
ADJECTIVES
ka which, what
et this yen that
osa other (2) som some shak each, every tot all
sert a certain
kel any tal such
nil no
etosa this other (2)
somosa (2) some
other nilosa no other (2) (individuaclass="underline" -un) (1)
kaun which one
etun this one yenun that one
osun another one somun someone shakun each one totunos (usu : tos) (plural) all, all people sertun someone
kelun anybody talun such one
nilun nobody etosun this other one
somosun someone else
nilosun nobody else
(thing : -o)
kao (usи : ко) what (complement : ke) eto this yeno that
oso another thing somo something shako each thing to to (usu : to)
serto a certain thing
kelo anything talo such a thing
nilo nothing etoso this other
thing somoso something else
niloso nothing else
(mode : -e) kae (usu : kom) how ete thus
yene in that way
ose otherwise some someway shake in each way tote quite, wholly
serte in a certain
way kele anyhow tale thus, in such
a way nile no wise
somose in some
other way nilose in no other way
(locative : -ye)
kaye (usu : vo)
where etye (usu : ik) here yenye (usu : ye)
there osye elsewhere somye somewhere shakye in each place totye (usu : toye) everywhere
sertye in a certain
place kelye anywhere talye in such a place
nilye nowhere
somosye somewhere else nilosye nowhere else
feminine : kain, etin, yenin, osin, somin, shakin, totinos, sertin, kelin, talin, nilin, etosin, etc.
the adjectives osa, etosa, somosa, nilosa can never be elided.
CORRELATIVES are often used as PREFIXES : kaore ? at what time (hour) ?; kaintente exir il ? with what intent did he go out ? kaskope venir il ? for what purpose did he come ? ; nilkaze in no case ; kelkaze in any case; etoxe in this occasion; talkondise in such conditions ; kelvede whatever the weather.
(1) Neo very often contracts the preposition with the definite article as given in brackets above) : al to the; antel before the; apsel next to the; dal from the; del of the; dol after the; eskel except for the; grel in spite of the; Intel between, among the; intrel inside the; inyel within the; kauzel because of the; jel to, in, for, by, near the; kol with the; kontrel against the; nel in the; ol on, over the; pel by the; prel before the; pril concerning the ; subel under the; trul through the; ul at the in possession of the; untel down the :
He gave his money to the poor man. Before my brother’s marriage. A table (is) before the window. My brother married before the war. After the war business flourished. She went to the garden with the
teacher’s daughter. They are talking about the earthquake.
The terminal 1 of the contraction does not shift the stress from the first syllable : Antel, Apsel, Eskel, kOntrel, kAuzel, etc.
je has all sorts of meanings and is used whenever doubt is felt regarding use of other prepositions.
the preposition u (replaced in Latin with the dative) corresponds to the Russian u : u mi libro I have, I possess a book (Latin : est mihi liber; Russian : и тепу д. kniga).
PREPOSITIONS AND ADVERBS are frequently used as PREFIXES, as well for adjective as for adverbial use :
preguera pre-war; preguere before the war; prenasa prenatal; prenase before the birth; preexista preexistent; preexiste before the existence; doskola after-school; doskole after school; doguera afterwar; doguere after the war; semviva always living; nokviva still living; semliba always beloved; ma semlibat my always beloved (man, son, lover); ma semlibin my always beloved (wife, daughter, girl); niudat never heard; nivinkat never vanquished; maname e name ma frat in my name and in my brother’s name.
EXERCISE.
Vo lo dom de ta profesor ? Lo dom del profesor drel klezo.
Mi ju venar dal klezo. Perdinde lo klil del pordo, il entrir trul fenso del kuk.
El skribir un libro pril guer. Mi exor au kon tu au kon nilun.
Nilosun venir etmatin. Vur tu i somoso ?
Dank, mi nesar niloso.
Et labor endenda inyel vek.
Sar lo libro ol tablo ? U il du filyos e un filin. No fexu kontre destin! Nel mensocar vu par edi kelore.
Vidir vu somun nel dom del librer ?
Ye sir sa filin kon la spozo.
L’ensener parlar al alevos. II parlar kon un alevin. II parlar pril libro de la patro.
II parlar pri sa libro.
Lo vir jel griza gantos.
Tos venir kune kol nuv vestos.
Kelo il dicar, no pavul Mi prenar etun; totosunos po vu.
Eto me plar, yeno no.
Mi fonir al doktor; somosun rispir.
Venu kon mi shel doktor, ose mi no gor.
Rispe va brif, nos glada v’informi nos ar lo libro vu kirar.
Es vu par atendi us kras, mi vole exor kon vu.
The teacher talks to the pupils.
He is talking with a (girl) pupil.
He is talking about her father’s book.
He is talking about his (own) book.
The man with the grey gloves.
All came together with the new garments.
Whatever he says, don’t be afraid.
I take this one; all others are for you.
This pleases me, that does not.
I called the doctor; somebody else answered.
Come with me to the doctor’s; otherwise I will not go.
In reply to your letter, we are glad to inform you that we have the book you are looking for.
If you can wait until tomorrow, I’ll willingly go out with you.
THE NAME
Ka ta nam ? - Ma nam Jan.
Skolye tos me namar Net. Sar it un surnam ? Eto nur lo minifa de Jan. Somyes zi me surnamar Nux.
Те nugar eto ? No, mi no ize arga. Tu raga; tu bonkarakta. Ete tu sor sem ixa.
Mi me dicar : ridelu, osunos te
ridelor. Ka ta fanam (familnam) ?
Pli, Madam, ka va felnam ?
Ar vu un plumnam ? MI adoptir lo pseudonim “Sen-vikun”.
Konar vu et pinter ? Mi le konar pel nam; il parar i bon fam.
Mi sur glada le koneli.
MI inkontrir ye mul ma konelos.
Maname e name tot membros de na Socado, mi dezar ve feliciti.
П ju namadat ambaser Parisye.
П certe meritir et namado.
What is your name ? - My name is John.
At school, everybody call me Net.
Is this a nickname ?
This Is only Jan’s diminutive.
They sometimes give me the nickname Nuts.
Does this bother you ?
No, I do not get angry easily.
Right you are; you are good-natured ; thus you will always be happy.
I say to myself : smile, others will smile at you.
What is your family name (surname) ?
If you please, Madam, what is your maiden name ?
Have you a nom-de-plume ?
I adopted the pseudonym “Unimportant”.
Do you know this painter ? I know him by name; he seems to have a good reputation.
I should be glad to make his acquaintance.
I met there many acquaintances of mine.
In my name and in the name of all members of our Society, I wish to congratulate you.
He has just been appointed ambassador in Paris.
He certainly deserved this appointment.
belisima, lo belesta (lo plu bela). Leta, letira, letega (muy leta); letisima, lo letesta (lo plu leta). Olda, oldira, oldega (muy olda); oldisima, l’oldesta (lo plu olda). Un oldun, un oldin.
extremely large, the largest one. Beautiful, more beautiful, very
beautiful; extremely beautiful; most beautiful. Small, smaller, very small; extremely small, the smallest (one). Old, older, very old; extremely old ; the oldest (one). An old man, an old woman.
SENTENCE BUILDING
Sentence building is very free in Neo. The English student may freely copy the order that comes naturally to him, according to the rules of his own language.
The adjective may be placed before or after the word to which it relates, and similarly for the object pronoun and for the adverb. You may say : Mi ve amar as well as Mi amar ve (I love you).