Rollo's father then went on to explain to them that, in such a case as this, the weight of the two masses of lead would not prevent their moving easily, for they would exactly balance each other. A little child would be able to move them; but still they would move exceedingly slow at first, and it would be hard to stop them, when they were in motion. So, he said, if the earth should cease to attract and draw down any great, heavy body, like a large stone, for example, the smallest child could lift it, though it would come up slowly, just as a very heavy body would move, if it was suspended by a string, or was afloat upon the water.
"And so," said Rollo, "if the earth should not attract us, could we push ourselves right up off from the ground?"
"Yes," said his father, "most undoubtedly."
"What, and go about anywhere in the air?"
"Certainly."
Rollo began to laugh aloud at this idea, and looked very much interested and pleased.
"O, then I wish there was no gravitation," said Rollo; "I do, really."
"But, then," continued his father, "if you should get up into the air, you could not get down again."
"Why not?" said Nathan, beginning to look a little concerned.
"Unless," said his father, "you had something above you, to push against, so as to push yourselves down. You would be just like a boy in a boat, off from the shore, and without any paddle or pole. He could not get back again."
"We might tie a rope to something," said James, "before we went up, and so pull ourselves down."
"Yes, that you might do."
"And could not we flap our hands, like a bird, and so fly a little?"
"Perhaps you could," said his father.
Here the children all began to flap their hands, like young birds trying to fly; and Rollo said again, he wished, with all his heart, there was no gravitation; "for then," said he, "we should have strength enough to fly."
"That would lead to serious consequences," said his father.
"What consequences?" said James.
"Much more serious than you would suppose."
"Tell us what they would be, uncle," said James.
"O, I know," said Rollo; "you could not stand up straight without gravitation."
"O, we could, couldn't we, father?" said Nathan.
"What makes you think, Rollo," said his father, without replying to James's question-"what makes you think that we could not stand up straight without gravitation?"
"Why, you see," said Rollo.-Here he paused, and looked confused, and did not know what to say. He had an indistinct recollection of having read something about it in some book; but he could not tell what.
"I don't see what should prevent any body's standing up straight, if the attraction of the earth should cease; in fact, if it made any difference, it would be rather easier to stand up straight."
Here Rollo looked rather foolish, but he did not reply. The truth is, like almost all other children, who take an interest in reading, he was sometimes a little vain of his knowledge; and in this case, instead of listening attentively, and endeavoring to learn something new from his father's explanations, he seems to have thought it a good plan for him to help him elucidate the subject to James and Nathan. He exchanged the character of learner for teacher too soon.
"Well, uncle," said James, "what would be the consequence if gravitation should cease?"
"Why, in the first place," said Rollo's father, "all the streams in the world would stop running."
"The streams!" said Rollo, astonished.
"Yes," said his father, "every river, brook, and rill. The reason why the streams flow is, that the earth attracts the water from the mountains and hills, down into the valleys and towards the sea."
"Well, sir, what else?" said Rollo.
"Why, there would never be any more rain."
"No more rain!" exclaimed all the children.
"No," he replied. "The drops of rain fall only because the earth draws them down by its attraction; and, of course, if this attraction should cease, they would remain where they are."
The children were musing a minute upon these strange effects, when Rollo asked if anything else would happen.
"Why, yes," said his father, "worse disasters than these; but I do not know whether you would understand them, if I should explain them."
"O, try," said Rollo; "I think we shall understand."
"Well, let me think," said his father. "You have noticed how a chaise wheel, on a muddy road, in a wet day, holds the mud upon it, until when it is going very swiftly down a hill, and then the mud flies off in all directions."
"Yes, sir," said all the children.
"And if the mud did not stick to the wheel pretty tight, it would be thrown off at all times, even when the wheel was going slow. You understand this."
"Yes, sir."
"Well, now, this whole earth, you all know, is whirling around through space, and moving on also around the sun. And all the loose things upon the surface would be thrown off at once, if they were not held to it by a strong attraction. If this attraction were to cease suddenly,-whisk!-away we should all go in an instant-rocks, houses, men, animals, all in confusion."
"O father!" exclaimed Rollo; "where should we go to,-off into the air?"
"Not exactly into the air, for the air would all fly off, and be dissipated too; we should fly off into the sky somewhere, some in one direction, and some in another. You'd be a thousand miles off from the earth, almost before you would know it."
"Would it kill us, father?" said Nathan.
"Yes," said his father. "I don't know that there would be any shock that would hurt us, but we should have no air to breathe, and it would be dark and dismal."
"Dark?" said Rollo. "There would be the sun."
"Yes," said his father, "there would be the sun; and the sun would look bright enough when you looked directly towards it, but there would be no general light about you, unless there was air."
The children all paused to reflect upon the strange results which their father had told them would ensue from a suspension of the earth's attractive force. Rollo began to think that he had been too hasty in his wish that there was no gravitation.
"But, father," said he, "the houses would not go off, certainly;-only the loose things would go."
"Very well; houses are loose."
"O father! they are fastened down."
"How are they fastened down?" asked his father.
"O, they are nailed-and,"
"Not nailed to the ground, certainly," said his father.
"No," said Rollo, laughing; "but then they are built with great stones and mortar."
"Yes, but there is no mortar under the lowest stones. The foundations are simply laid upon the ground."
"Well," rejoined Rollo, "I thought they were fastened somehow or other."
"No," said his father; "they dig the cellar, and only just lay the foundations upon the ground, without any fastening. The earth holds them in place."
"Well, father," said Rollo, "that is what I meant, when I said we could not stand up straight. I meant the houses. I read in a book that houses would be blown away, if the gravitation did not hold them down."
Here Rollo's father had a hearty laugh; and he told Rollo that he thought that was rather wide shooting. Rollo wanted to know what he was laughing at; and Nathan asked him what he meant by wide shooting.
"Why," said he, "Rollo, you undertook to explain to us, from your stores of knowledge, what the effects of a suspension of gravitation would be; and, in attempting to tell that houses would be in danger of being blown away, you came no nearer than to tell us that boys could not stand up straight; and that is what I call pretty wide shooting."
So saying, he rose from his seat, and walked away, appearing to be very much amused. James laughed too, and even Rollo could not help smiling at the ridiculous figure which his display of his learning made. As for Nathan, he continued to look grave; and said he did not see that it was any shooting at all.