and First Triumvirate,
1.1
,
2.1
Gaul conquered by,
1.1
,
1.2
as
pontifex maximus
rebuilding plans of
rise to power,
1.1
,
1.2
and street life
triumphal march of
“
Veni, vidi, vici
”,
1.1
Julius Caesar, Germanicus
Julius Caesar
(films)
Julius II, Pope
and architectural projects,
6.1
,
9.1
art patronage of,
6.1
,
6.2
and Bramante,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
,
6.5
death of
and financial matters
as
il papa terribile
and Michelangelo,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
7.1
and Raphael,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
and Sistine Chapel,
6.1
,
6.2
tomb of,
6.1
,
6.2
Jupiter Optimus Maximus, temple to,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
Justinian, Emperor,
Corpus Iuris Civilis
,
1.1
,
1.2
Juvenal,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
2.4
,
3.1
Kahn, Louis I.
Kant, Immanuel
Kauffmann, Angelica,
9.1
,
9.2
Keats, John,
9.1
,
9.2
Keegan, John,
1.1
,
12.1
Kipling, Rudyard
Klein, Yves
Klenze, Leopold von
Knights of Malta
Knights Templar
Koch, Joseph Anton
Kossuth, Lajos
Kounellis, Jannis
Krautheimer, Richard,
3.1
,
5.1
,
5.2
Kubrick, Stanley
Kung, Hans
Lactantius
Ladri di bicicletta
(
Bicycle Thieves
) [film]
Lampedusa, Giuseppe di
Lang, Fritz,
Metropolis
Laocoön
,
3.1
,
7.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
La Padula, Ernesto
La Pasionaria (Dolores Ibárruri)
Lateran Treaty
Lateranus, Plautius
La Tour, Georges de
Latrobe, Benjamin
Lawrence, Saint (Lorenzo),
4.1
,
5.1
Le Corbusier,
11.1
,
11.2
Lega, Silvestro
Leo I, Pope
Leo IV, Pope,
5.1
,
6.1
Leo X, Pope,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
Leo XII, Pope
Leonardo da Vinci,
6.1
,
6.2
Last Supper
,
6.1
,
6.2
Virgin of the Rocks
work on optics
, n
Leopardi
Lepanto, Battle of
Lepidus, Marcus Aemilius
Libanius
Libera, Adalberto
Liberius, Pope
Licinius,
4.1
,
4.2
Lindbergh, Charles
Livy,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
2.1
,
3.1
Loisy, Father Alfred
Lollia Paulina
Longhi, Roberto
Longus, Titus Sempronius
Lorrain, Claude
Lotto, Lorenzo
Louis XIV, king of France,
7.1
,
8.1
,
9.1
,
10.1
Louis XVI, king of France
Lucumones
Ludi (games and gladiatorial contests)
Ludovisi, Prince Niccolò,
8.1
,
8.2
Ludovisi Throne
Ludwig, Emil
Lugwig I of Bavaria
Luke, Apostle,
10.1
,
10.2
Luther, Martin,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
8.1
Luti, Benedetto
Macke, August
Maderno, Carlo,
8.1
,
8.2
,
8.3
,
8.4
,
8.5
Maecenas, Gaius,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
,
2.4
Mafia,
10.1
,
12.1
Magnani, Anna
Magritte, René
Maison Carrée
Malevich, Kasimir
Manetti, Antonio
Mankiewicz, Joseph
Mannerism,
6.1
,
8.1
Mantua, Vincenzo Gonzaga, duke of
Manzoni, Alessandro
Manzoni, Piero
Manzù, Giacomo
Maratti, Carlo
Marc, Franz
Marcellinus, Ammianus,
4.1
,
4.2
,
12.1
Marconi, Guglielmo
Marcus Aurelius, Emperor,
1.1
,
3.1
Meditations
statue of,
prl.1
,
6.1
,
8.1
,
10.1
,
12.1
Marey, Étienne-Jules
Marforio
Maria Christina of Austria
Marinetti, Filippo,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
11.4
,
11.5
Marini, Marino
Marino, Giambattista
Mark Antony:
and Caesarian cult,
1.1
,
1.2
and Cleopatra,
2.1
,
2.2
death of
and Julius Caesar’s death
and Octavian
Marlowe, Christopher
Marshall, George C.
Martial,
1.1
,
2.1
,
2.2
,
2.3
Mary, Saint:
assumption of,
10.1
,
10.2
cult of
and immaculate conception
Masaccio
Massimi, Cardinal Camillo
Mastini, Pietro
Mastroianni, Marcello
Matteo de’ Pasti
Matteotti, Giacomo,
11.1
,
11.2
Matthew, Gospel of
Maxentius, Emperor,
3.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
5.1
,
8.1
Maximianus,
3.1
,
4.1
Maximinus Daia,
4.1
,
4.2
Mayakowski, Vladimir
Mazarin, Cardinal
Mazzini, Giuseppe,
10.1
,
10.2
,
10.3
,
10.4
McKim, Mead & White
Medici, Lorenzo the Magnificent
Mengs, Anton Raphael,
9.1
,
9.2
Parnassus
Menippus of Stratonicea
Mentor
Merz, Mario
metempsychosis (transmigration of souls),
4.1
,
5.1
Methodius, Saint
Metternich, Prince,
10.1
,
10.2
Meunier, Constantin
Meyer, Hofrath
Michelangelo Buonarotti,
7.1
,
8.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
11.1
architecture,
6.1
,
8.1
Campidoglio,
prl.1
,
prl.2
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
8.1
,
10.1
,
12.1
Church of Saint Pietro
David
death of
Doni Tondo
or
Holy Family
and Julius II,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
7.1
Julius’s tomb,
6.1
,
6.2
The Last Judgment
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
,
6.5
and Palazzo Farnese
Pauline Chapel,
6.1
,
6.2
and Saint Peter’s Basilica,
6.1
,
6.2
and
The School of Athens
and Sistine Chapel,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
,
6.5
,
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
Michelet, Jules
Milton, John,
7.1
,
8.1
Milvian Bridge, Battle of,
4.1
,
8.1
Minucius Felix
Mitford, John
Mithraism
Mithridates, king of Pontus,
1.1
,
1.2
Molo of Rhodes
Montagu, Edward Wortley
Montanari, Leonida
Monte, Cardinal Francesco Maria del
Moore, John
Moore, Thomas
Moorehead, Alan
Moors, eradication of
Morandi, Giorgio
Moretti, Luigi
Morpeth, Charles Howard, Viscount
MRF (Mostra della Revoluzione Fascista),
11.1
,
11.2
Mussolini, Benito,
1.1
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
10.1
and Abyssinia,
11.1
,
11.2
and Acerbo Law
and Age of Augustus
and Augusteum
and Battle for Grain
birth and background of
capture and death of,
11.1
,
12.1
and censorship
and Cinecittà
and D’Annunzio,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
and Fascism,
1.1
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
11.4
,
11.5
,
11.6
,
11.7
,
11.8
,
11.9
,
11.10
and Hitler,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
11.4
,
12.1
legacy of
A Manifesto of Race
as prime minister,
11.1
,
12.1
and Spanish Civil War
and unification
Muybridge, Eadweard