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5.1

,

5.2

Theodosian Code

Theodosios, Emperor,

4.1

,

4.2

Theophilos, bishop of Alexandria

theurgy

Third Lateran Council

Thomas Aquinas, Saint,

prl.1

,

8.1

,

10.1

Thorvaldsen, Bertel,

10.1

,

10.2

Jason with the Golden Fleece

Thutmose III, Pharaoh

Tiber Island

Tiberius,

2.1

,

2.2

,

2.3

,

3.1

,

3.2

,

7.1

Tiberius Gracchus

Tibullus

Timomachus

Tintoretto,

Raising of Lazarus

Tischbein, Wilhelm

Titian,

7.1

,

9.1

Titus, Emperor,

3.1

,

3.2

,

3.3

,

7.1

Titus Tatius

Torriti, Jacopo,

Coronation of the Virgin

tourism,

5.1

,

7.1

,

7.2

,

8.1

,

9.1

,

9.2

,

9.3

,

9.4

,

12.1

,

12.2

,

12.3

Trajan, Emperor,

2.1

,

7.1

and Dacian Wars

Trajan’s Column

Trajan’s Forum

Transavanguardia

transmigration of souls (metempsychosis),

4.1

,

5.1

Trastevere

Trebia, Battle of

Tree of Wooden Clogs

(film)

Trevi Fountain

Trevisani, Francesco

tribunes,

1.1

,

1.2

Trimalchio,

2.1

,

3.1

Trinitarian Order

triremes

Trissino, Gian Giorgio

Tristano, Giovanni

Triton Fountain

Triumvirate,

1.1

,

2.1

,

2.2

Troy, fall of

Tullianum (Mamertine Prison)

Tullus Hostilius

Turin, “Holy Shroud” of

Turner, J. M. W.

Tuscan style

Twelve Tables (laws),

1.1

,

1.2

,

2.1

Ulpian (Domitius Ulpianus),

1.1

,

3.1

ultramontanism

Umberto I, King

Urban VIII, Pope,

3.1

,

6.1

,

8.1

,

8.2

,

8.3

Valens, Emperor

Valentinian, Emperor

Valerian, Emperor

Valeriano, Giuseppe and Domenico

van Eyck, Jan

Varius Rufus

Varro

Vasari, Georgio,

6.1

,

6.2

Vatican:

articles pawned by

Church of the Apostle Peter

First Vatican Council

name of

Second Vatican Council

and tourism

Vatican City:

and Lateran Treaty

and Mussolini

separation of

see also

specific sites

Vatican Library,

6.1

,

7.1

Vatican Palace,

6.1

,

6.2

,

6.3

,

7.1

Vedova, Emilio

Velázquez, Diego Rodriguez de Silva y,

7.1

,

7.2

,

7.3

,

9.1

Las meninas

portrait of Innocent X

, n

Surrender of Breda (The Lances)

The Toilet of Venus

or

The Rokeby Venus

The Waterseller of Seville

Vercingetorix,

1.1

,

3.1

Verdi, Giuseppe,

5.1

,

9.1

Vernet, Claude-Joseph

Veronese,

7.1

,

9.1

Veronica, Saint

Vespasian, Emperor,

3.1

,

3.2

,

3.3

,

4.1

Vespasiano da Bisticci

vestal virgins,

1.1

,

1.2

,

1.3

Vesuvius

Victoria, queen of England

Vignola, Giacomo Barozzi da,

8.1

,

8.2

Villa Montalto-Negroni collection

Villani, Giovanni

Villanovans

Villiers, George

Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro),

2.1

,

3.1

,

3.2

,

6.1

Aeneid

,

1.1

,

2.1

,

2.2

,

8.1

Eclogues

,

2.1

,

2.2

,

2.3

Georgics

,

2.1

,

2.2

,

8.1

Visigoths,

4.1

,

5.1

Vitruvius Pollio,

1.1

,

6.1

,

6.2

De Architectura

Ten Books on Architecture

Vittorio Emanuele II, king of Italy,

5.1

,

10.1

,

10.2

     monument to,

10.1

,

10.2

,

11.1

,

11.2

,

11.3

Vittorio Emanuele III, king of Italy,

11.1

,

11.2

,

12.1

Vogel, Ludwig,

10.1

,

10.2

Volpato, Giovanni

Volsci

Volterra, Daniele da

Vulca

Wackenroder, Wilhelm,

10.1

,

10.2

Wagner, Richard,

Rienzi

Walpole, Horace,

9.1

,

9.2

,

9.3

Wals, Goffredo

Wessel, Horst

West, Benjamin

William of Derby

Wilson, Richard

Winckelmann, Johann,

9.1

,

9.2

,

9.3

Wittkower, Rudolf

Wolf Brotherhood

Wordsworth, William

World War I,

10.1

,

11.1

,

11.2

World War II,

11.1

,

11.2

,

12.1

,

12.2

,

12.3

Wright brothers

Yeats, W. B.,

6.1

,

8.1

Young Turks

Zama, Battle of

Zenodorus

Zeno of Citium

Zoffoli, Giacomo

Zucchi, Antonio

Zucchi, Carlo

Illustration Credits

ill.1 Sarcophagus of the Spouses, Scala/Art Resource, NY

ill.2 Apollo of Veii, Scala/Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali/Art Resource, NY

ill.3 Leochares, Apollo Belvedere, Scala/Art Resource, NY

ill.4 Apollonius, Boxer, © Mary Harrsch

ill.5 Pasquin, Peter Heeling/Wikipedia

ill.6 Augustus of Prima Porta, Wikipedia/Public Domain

ill.7 Villa dei Misteri friezes, Scala/Art Resource, NY

ill.9 Roman Forum, Wikipedia/Public Domain

ill.10 Temple of Fortuna Virilis, © Allan Kohl

ill.11 The Pyramid of Cestius, Scala/Art Resource, NY

ill.12 Baths of Caracalla, Wikipedia/Public Domain

ill.13 Pont du Gard, © Alison Scott

ill.14 Plan of Santo Stefano Rotondo, Scala/Art Resource, NY

ill.15 Cola da Caprarola, Santa Maria della Consolazione, The Bridgeman Art Library

ill.16 Aspe of Santi Cosma e Damiano, Alan R. Zeleznikar

ill.17 San Clemente Basilica, © Helen Hull Hitchcock

ill.18 Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, Scala/Art Resource, NY

ill.19 Raphael, The School of Athens, Scala/Art Resource, NY

ill.20 Raphael, Portrait of a Young Woman, Wikipedia/Public Domain

ill.21 Raphael, The Triumph of Galatea, Alinari/Art Resource NY

ill.22 Raphael, The Liberation of Saint Peter from Prison, Scala/Art Resource, NY

ill.23 Michelangelo, Moses, Scala/Art Resource, NY